小天体柔性附着状态协同估计方法

针对小天体附着过程易发生倾覆、反弹导致任务失败问题,提出“柔性附着”概念,替代传统小天体探测的刚性附着模式,为提高小天体附着任务可靠性提供新的解决思路和技术途径。在此基础上,针对柔性着陆器的状态估计问题展开研究。首先建立了柔性着陆器近似模型,提出了柔性着陆器“等效面”概念及柔性着陆器姿态的近似表征方式,进而提出了柔性附着状态协同估计方法,并通过数值仿真检验了柔性着陆器状态协同估计的可行性。     

Cooperative task assignment of multiple heterogeneous unmanned aerial vehicles using a modified genetic algorithm with multi-type genes

The task assignment problem of multiple heterogeneous unmanned aerial vehicles （UAVs）, concerned with cooperative decision making and control, is studied in this paper. The heterogeneous vehicles have different operational capabilities and kinematic constraints, and carry limited resources （e.g., weapons） onboard. They are designated to perform multiple consecutive tasks cooperatively on multiple ground targets. The problem becomes much more complicated because of these terms of heterogeneity. In order to tackle the challenge, we modify the former genetic algorithm with multi-type genes to stochastically search a best solution. Genes of chromo- somes are different, and they are assorted into several types according to the tasks that must be performed on targets. Different types of genes are processed specifically in the improved genetic operators including initialization, crossover, and mutation. We also present a mirror representation of vehicles to deal with the limited resource constraint. Feasible chromosomes that vehicles could perform tasks using their limited resources under the assignment are created and evolved by genetic operators. The effect of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated in numerical simulations. The results show that it effectively provides good feasible solutions and finds an optimal one.     

空中交通管制专业英语教学新模式探讨

空中交通管制(简称空管)方向学生的英语应用能力主要是听说能力,且应是专业英语听说能力,而传统的以阅读和翻译为主的专业英语教学模式显然不能适应这一要求。本文提出了中外教师课堂合作专业英语教学的新模式,并从课程组建设、学习过程管理和多元化测评体系等方面提出建议,这对提高空管方向学生专业英语应用能力具有重要意义。     

对当前农民法律意识的调查及建议

采取问卷调查的方法，对陕西一个普通村庄的农民的法律意识进行了调查。对调查结果进行了分析，归纳出了当前农民法律意识的四个特点和产生这些特点的五方面原因，并据此提出了四条建议，以期全社会共同努力，共创农村法制工作美好明天。     

基于喷泉编码的中继信道协作方案

首先给出了二进制删除中继信道下基于喷泉编码的多种协作方案,并依性能得出了最优方案,此后借鉴渐近最优喷泉编码的概念,将该最优协作方案扩展到无线中继信道中,并利用排队理论实现了中继节点的最优流量控制,给出了无线中继信道下的中继流控制协作方案。仿真结果表明,基于喷泉编码的中继信道协作方案有效地解决了中继缓存溢出问题,提高了信道的可达速率。     

Cooperative task assignment of multi-UAV system

With the rapid development of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) technology, one of the emerging fields is to utilize multi-UAV as a team under autonomous control in a complex environment. Among the challenges in fully achieving autonomous control, Cooperative task assignment stands out as the key function. In this paper, we analyze the importance and difficulties of multi-UAV cooperative task assignment in characterizing scenarios and obtaining high-quality solutions. Furthermore, we present three promising directions for future research: Cooperative task assignment in a dynamic complex environment, in an unmanned-manned aircraft system and in a UAV swarm. Our goal is to provide a brief review of multi-UAV cooperative task assignment for readers to further explore.     

多高超声速飞行器静态协同再入制导方法

为实现多高超声速飞行器的协同再入，提出一种基于参考轨迹的静态协同再入制导方法。首先以实际轨迹长度代替大圆弧假设，研究了实际轨迹长度与总飞行时间的对应关系，提出采用公共轨迹长度作为协调变量的思路；然后设计了一种双层协同框架，其中协调层将轨迹长度作为协调参数进行协调匹配，执行层依据分配的协调参数完成再入飞行；最后针对协同再入的时间一致性要求，提出一种新的协同逻辑转换策略，将终端时间的一致性问题转化为到达截止时间的状态收敛问题。该方法在能量域内进行公共参考轨迹设计，之后通过时域信息提取在时域内完成公共参考轨迹跟踪，最终实现多成员的协同再入。分别在标称状态与模拟扰动环境对所提方法进行了数值仿真，结果表明，所提方法能够简明实现多飞行器的再入协同制导，具有较好的应用潜力。     

带有时间约束的再入滑翔轨迹设计

为了满足飞行器协同飞行任务需求，本文研究了带有时间约束的再入滑翔轨迹设计方法。首先，建立了合理假设条件下的再入滑翔运动模型，并且提出了一种再入滑翔轨迹分段方法。其次，针对不同飞行段特点及任务需求，分别设计了各段导引律。其中，重点推导了滑翔段飞行剩余时间和剩余航程的解析解，将剩余飞行时间与末制导交班点速度建立对应关系，运用解析预测-校正思想，通过在时间调整段和能量调整段调节倾侧角翻转时机和幅值，同时满足末端能量和时间约束。最后，通过理论分析与仿真校验说明了本方法的有效性及鲁棒性。     

Cooperative guidance strategy for multiple hypersonic gliding vehicles system

Cooperative guidance strategy for multiple hypersonic gliding vehicles system with flight constraints and cooperative constraints is investigated. This paper mainly cares about the coordination of the entry glide flight phase and driving-down phase. Different from the existing results, both the attack time and the attack angle constraints are considered simultaneously. Firstly, for the entry glide flight phase, a two-stage method is proposed to achieve the rapid cooperative trajectories planning, where the control signal corridors are designed based on the quasi-equilibrium gliding conditions. In the first stage, the bank angle curve is optimized to achieve the attack angle coordination. In the second stage, the angle of attack curve is optimized to achieve the attack time coordination. The optimized parameters can be obtained by the secant method. Secondly, for the driving-down phase, the cooperative terminal guidance law is designed where the terminal attack time and attack angle are considered. The guidance law is then transformed into the bank angle and angle of attack commands. The cooperative guidance strategy is summarized as an algorithm. Finally, a numerical simulation example with three hypersonic gliding vehicles is provided for revealing the effectiveness of the acquired strategy and algorithm.