UKF参数估计在三体Lambert问题中的应用

为了快速精确地求解三体Lambert问题,提出了一种新的基于无损卡尔曼滤波(UKF)参数估计的数值求解算法,该算法由初值猜测和精确解求解两部分组成.首先,基于地月系统二体模型,通过简单迭代求解三体Lambert问题的初值.然后,将三体Lambert问题对应的两点边值问题转化为参数估计问题,通过UKF滤波算法求解,可得到收敛的精确解.该算法是基于概率估计理论的,不仅避免了传统数值方法推导相关梯度矩阵的复杂性,而且降低了三体Lambert问题对初值精确度的要求,从而显著降低了三体Lambert问题求解的难度.数值仿真表明,该方法求解效率较高,具有良好的鲁棒性,与微分修正算法、二阶微分修正算法对比具有更大的收敛域.      

地月系统循环轨道初步设计与特性分析

基于平面圆型限制性三体问题(CR3BP)模型,根据轨道弧以及顺行和逆行特征采用圆锥曲线拼接法设计了5类地月系统周期轨道。以地月系统循环轨道的工程约束为出发点,从轨道周期、近地点高度、近月点高度、交会对接速度、轨道稳定性等方面分析了这5类周期轨道的特性,从中选择了适合地月系统循环轨道任务方案的周期轨道,并对周期轨道进行了优化。该研究为我国未来载人登月工程提供了一种新的思路与理论技术支持。     

大范围收敛的摄动Lambert问题新型解法:拟线性化-局部变分迭代法

研究实时、高效、稳定性强的高性能空间轨道计算方法对于中国未来航天工程具有重大应用价值。针对强非线性系统的多维两点边值问题,提出了一种拟线性化-局部变分迭代法（QL-LVIM）,通过拟线性化（QL）思想,将非线性两点边值问题转化为一系列具有一定迭代格式,并且成对出现的初值问题,进而通过局部变分迭代法（LVIM）对其进行求解。利用拟线性化的大范围收敛特性和局部变分迭代法的快收敛、高精度特性,该方法能够在较大的时间和空间尺度下快速精确获得摄动Lambert问题的初速度和转移轨道,其收敛域远大于传统的牛顿打靶法,为航天器轨道转移提供了一种简便高效、稳定性强的新型计算方法。在不同轨道情形下,与几类参考方法对比,结果表明本方法能够在计算效率方面实现大幅提升,并且能够在大范围内实现快速收敛。方法的有效性在地-月系三体问题中得到了进一步验证。     

Broad-search algorithms for the spacecraft trajectory design of Callisto–Ganymede–Io triple flyby sequences from 2024 to 2040, Part I: Heuristic pruning of the search space

Triple flybys of the Galilean moons of Jupiter can capture a spacecraft into orbit about Jupiter or quickly adjust the Jupiter-centered orbit of an already captured spacecraft. Because Callisto does not participate in the Laplace resonance among Ganymede, Europa, and Io, triple flyby sequences involving gravity-assists of Callisto, Ganymede, and Io occur only aperiodically for limited time windows. An exhaustive search of triple-flyby trajectories over a 16-year period from 2024 to 2040 using “blind” searching would require 8,415,358 Lambert function calls to find only 127,289 possible triple flyby trajectories. Because most of these Lambert function calls would not converge to feasible solutions, it is much more efficient to prune the solution space using a heuristic algorithm and then direct a much smaller number of Lambert function calls to find feasible triple flyby solutions. The novel “Phase Angle Pruning Heuristic” is derived and used to reduce the search space by 99%.     

Design of transfer trajectories between resonant orbits in the Earth–Moon restricted problem

The application of dynamical systems techniques to mission design has demonstrated that employing invariant manifolds and resonant flybys enables previously unknown trajectory options and potentially reduces the ΔV$\mathrm{\Delta }V$ requirements. In this investigation, planar and three-dimensional resonant orbits are analyzed and cataloged in the Earth–Moon system and the associated invariant manifold structures are computed and visualized with the aid of higher-dimensional Poincaré maps. The relationship between the manifold trajectories associated with multiple resonant orbits is explored through the maps with the objective of constructing resonant transfer arcs. As a result, planar and three-dimensional homoclinic- and heteroclinic-type trajectories between unstable periodic resonant orbits are identified in the Earth–Moon system. To further illustrate the applicability of 2D and 3D resonant orbits in preliminary trajectory design, planar transfers to the vicinity of L₅ and an out-of-plane transfer to a 3D periodic orbit, one that tours the entire Earth–Moon system, are constructed. The design process exploits the invariant manifolds associated with orbits in resonance with the Moon as transfer mechanisms.     

基于解析梯度的经典Lambert问题迭代求解方法

针对现有求解模型复杂、收敛速度慢等问题,在将经典Lambert转移问题转化为超越方程的基础上,提出一种基于解析梯度的Lambert问题迭代求解算法。选择转移轨道的真近点角为迭代变量,导出转移时间关于真近点角的解析梯度,构造一种基于解析梯度的牛顿迭代算法,降低了算法计算复杂度。理论分析表明该算法具有二阶以上的收敛速度。依据偏心率向量与转移轨道形状的关系,通过几何方法分析得到转移轨道在初始位置处的速度约束条件,推导转移轨道真近点角的最大值和最小值的解析表达式,并采用线性插值方法确定迭代初值,进一步提高了迭代算法的收敛速度。数学仿真结果表明在各种转移条件下算法均能快速收敛,采用所给出的初值选取方法初值确定精度高,进而能够加快收敛速度,而与较割线法相比较收敛速度快、计算量小,验证了所提出算法的有效性。     

严格随机正则(3,s)-SAT模型及其相变现象

研究变元和文字出现次数受限制的规则3-SAT问题,提出了一种严格随机正则（3,s）-SAT问题,并给出了该问题的实例产生模型--SRR模型。结合一阶矩方法和生成函数展开项系数的渐近近似技术,证明了严格随机正则（3,s）-SAT问题相变点的上界,即当变元规模N较大且变元出现次数s>11时,严格随机正则（3,s）-SAT实例是高概率不可满足的。实验结果表明：由SRR模型所生成的随机实例中,当N>60且s>11时,所有的（3,s）-SAT实例均是不可满足的,而当N>150且s<11时,所有的（3,s）-SAT实例均是可满足的,即严格随机正则（3,s）-SAT实例的相变点位于s=11处,且在s=11处（子句变元比为11/3）的严格随机正则（3,s）-SAT实例,比在相变点（子句变元比）4.267处同规模的均匀随机3-SAT实例更难求解,因此,SRR模型可以很方便地在s=11处构造难解的随机3-SAT实例。     

“嫦娥二号”卫星拓展试验轨道计算中心天体的选取

飞行器的星历积分不可避免涉及中心天体的选取问题。“嫦娥二号”卫星在拓展试验期间处于弱引力区,文章针对拓展试验期间的轨道状态,从受摄运动二体问题角度分析得出适宜选取太阳作为中心天体。进而结合真实力模型情况,使用行星星历表计算行星产生的摄动力,从理论上推导得出在忽略小天体摄动的前提下,由于摄动天体同时对中心天体和飞行器产生摄动作用,以地球为中心天体产生的摄动力类似于潮汐力,而以太阳为中心天体则不然,因而更适宜选取地球作为中心天体计算轨道运动问题     

Two 3-D multi-cascade co-design inverse methods based on streamline curvature approach and Clebsch formulation for single-stage centrifugal compressors

Two strategies extended the single-cascade methods from a compressible three-dimensional inverse method for radial and mixed flow turbomachines to two three-dimensional multi-cascade co-design methods for single-stage centrifugal compressors.These two three-dimensional methods and a typical quasi-three-dimensional streamline curvature through-flow inverse method were employed to design the same subsonic high-speed single-stage centrifugal compressors.The compressor performances were simulated by a commercial Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations solver.The studies show that two three-dimensional co-design methods are reasonable and feasible.It was found that:firstly the blade camber angle designed by the three-dimensional methods was larger than that designed by the quasi-three-dimensional method;and secondly with regard to two three-dimensional methods with different boundary conditions,the co-design result differences between the diffusers were small,but those between the deswirlers were relatively large.      

非线性热传导逆问题的表面热流辨识方法

当材料的热物性参数随温度变化时,其内部的热传导方程是一非线性偏微分方程,对应的热传导逆问题称为非线性热传导逆问题。本文建立了非线性热传导逆问题的两种表面热流辨识方法:顺序函数法和共轭梯度法,介绍了这两种辨识方法的基本思想和具体算法推导,并针对典型算例进行了仿真辨识,结果表明:两种辨识方法虽然在算法构造、计算效率方面存在一定的差异,但都能给出较好的辨识结果,并且算法受测量噪声的影响较小,具有较好的鲁棒性。