检定原子荧光光度计常见问题分析

提出了原子荧光光度计检定过程中可能出现的常见问题。根据经验和仪器的工作原理对问题产生的原因进行了分析,并针对不同问题给出了具体的解决措施。对实现检定结果的准确可靠具有较好的保证作用。     

封闭水域内固体火箭发动机尾流结构数值研究

为了研究固体火箭发动机在封闭水域中工作时尾流场特性参数变化规律,建立三维空间模型,忽略重浮力等体积力及燃气与水之间的换热传质,采用Realizable k-ε湍流模型与VOF(Volume of fluid)多相流模型,针对试验水箱内固体发动机在不同水深条件下的工作过程进行数值模拟,获得尾流流场燃气射流形貌,以及水箱壁...     

RCD太阳帆航天器人工平动点轨道保持与控制

针对航天器平动点轨道保持问题,研究了含有反射率控制设备(RCD)的太阳帆航天器在日地系共线人工平动点处的轨道保持与控制,同时降低因频繁改变航天器姿态所带来的振动问题。首先,基于太阳帆圆型限制性三体问题,计算了RCD型太阳帆人工平动点位置,给出了太阳帆共线人工平动点三阶Halo轨道,并将其作为参考轨道;然后,将太阳帆动力学方程线性化,采用跟踪控制输出的方法对线性模型进行控制;最后,通过合理选择控制变量矩阵,将控制律代入非线性模型中进行轨道保持控制。仿真结果表明,通过控制RCD太阳帆反射率设备参数及姿态角,实现了长时间的Halo轨道保持,同时大幅减小了太阳帆姿态角的改变,从而减小了帆面振动,为太阳帆航天器长期轨道任务的实现提供了良好的理论依据。     

A two-stage approach for managing actuators redundancy and its application to fault tolerant flight control

In safety-critical systems such as transportation aircraft, redundancy of actuators is introduced to improve fault tolerance. How to make the best use of remaining actuators to allow the system to continue achieving a desired operation in the presence of some actuators failures is the main subject of this paper. Considering that many dynamical systems, including flight dynamics of a transportation aircraft, can be expressed as an input affine nonlinear system, a new state representation is adopted here where the output dynamics are related with virtual inputs associated with the intended operation. This representation, as well as the distribution matrix associated with the effectiveness of the remaining operational actuators, allows us to define different levels of fault tolerant governability with respect to actuators’ failures. Then, a two-stage control approach is developed, leading first to the inversion of the output dynamics to get nominal values for the virtual inputs and then to the solution of a linear quadratic(LQ) problem to compute the solicitation of each operational actuator. The proposed approach is applied to the control of a transportation aircraft which performs a stabilized roll maneuver while a partial failure appears. Two fault scenarios are considered and the resulting performance of the proposed approach is displayed and discussed.     

A reduced order model for coupled mode cascade flutter analysis

A Reduced Order Model(ROM) based analysis method for turbomachinery cascade coupled mode flutter is presented in this paper. The unsteady aerodynamic model is established by a system identification technique combined with a set of Aerodynamic Influence Coefficients(AIC). Subsequently, the aerodynamic model is encoded into the state space and then coupled with the structural dynamic equations, resulting in a ROM of the cascade aeroelasticity. The cascade flutter can be determined by solving the e...     

广义Stokes问题的区域分裂解法及其事后误差估算

本文的主要目的在于将Ｌａｇｒａｎｇｅ乘子技术应用于广义Ｓｔｏｋｅｓ问题的非匹配网格上的区域分裂解法中;这种方法非常适用于有限元空间近似。Ｌａｇｒａｎｇｅ乘子是在分段常数函数的空间中近似的。同时,基于求解当地问题,我们还构造了离散近似的事后误差估算器,并基于此对网格进行了自适应处理。数值实验的结果验证了本文所发展的方法。     

黑体辐射反问题的正则化Lanczos方法

黑体辐射反问题就是利用测量的黑体辐射能量谱确定黑体的区域温度分布.本文将该问题离散化为欠定线性不适定问题,提出求解欠定线性不适定问题的正则化Lanczos方法.该方法基于Lanczos双对角化过程,用一系列小型线性方程组逼近原不适定问题,应用截断SVD正则化方法使迭代稳定化,并用L-曲线确定相应的正则化参数.数值结果说明了新方法的有效性,并说明了在观测数据出现误差的情况下新方法也能有效地重构区域温度分布.     

Influence of non-equilibrium reactions on the optimization of aerothrust aeroassisted maneuver with orbital change

The spaceplane is perspective vehicle due to wide maneuverability in comparison with a space capsule. Its maneuverability is expressed by the larger flight range and also by a possibility to rotate orbital inclination in the atmosphere by the aerodynamic and thrust forces. Orbital plane atmospheric rotation maneuvers can significantly reduce fuel costs compared to rocket-dynamic non-coplanar maneuver. However, this maneuver occurs at Mach numbers about 25, and such velocities lead to non-equilibrium chemical reactions in the shock wave. Such reactions change a physicochemical air property, and it affects aerodynamic coefficients. This paper investigates the influence of non-equilibrium reactions on the aerothrust aeroassisted maneuver with orbital change. The approach is to solve an optimization problem using the differential evolution algorithm with a temperature limitation. The spaceplane aerodynamic coefficients are determined by the numerical solution of the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations. The aerodynamic calculations are conducted for the cases of perfect and non-equilibrium gases. A comparison of optimal trajectories, control laws, and fuel costs is made between models of perfect and non-equilibrium gases. The effect of a chemically reacting gas on the finite parameters is also evaluated using control laws obtained for a perfect gas.     

Turbulent Wagner problem with transition

Wagner problem is originally concerned with inviscid flow and unsteady force due to a small step motion, or attaining of a small angle of attack, of an airfoil in an initially uniform flow and has been studied recently for inviscid flow with large amplitude step motion. Here we propose to consider turbulent Wagner problem for a plate that is initially covered with a mixed laminar-boundary layer on both sides and is set into step motion of small or large amplitude and in direction normal to the plate. The evolution of skin friction and transition region in time are examined numerically. It is found that transition region unexpectedly changes direction of movement for small amplitude of step motion while global transition or laminarization exists for large amplitude step motion. The significance of this study is twofold. First, the present study treated a new and interesting problem since it combines two problems of fundamental interests, one is Wagner problem and the other is boundary layer transition. Second, the present study appears to show that the pressure gradient normal to the airfoil and caused by discontinuous step motion may have subtle influence on transition and the mechanism of this influence deserves further studies.     

非线性热传导方程混合问题插值逼近

以Legendre-Gauss-type积分节点为插值节点,构造插值基函数展开数值解,逼近有界杆上的非线性热传导方程Dirichlet边界条件的正确解。给出算法格式和相应的数值算例,表明所提算法格式的有效性和高精度。所给算法适合于非线性问题求解。