高超声速复杂流动中的限制器效应数值仿真

从理论分析和数值计算两个方面,对计算流体动力学(CFD)计算中常见的几种MUSCL型迎风式限制器耗散特性进行了研究,包括superbee限制器、van Albada限制器和两种minmod限制器。首先从理论上证明minmod限制器可以是耗散性较小的压缩型限制器,前人关于minmod限制器完全是耗散型限制器的认识是不准确的。其次,通过NACA0012翼型绕流计算表明,限制器耗散特性会对数值计算收敛过程产生重要影响,耗散性越小,如superbee限制器,则收敛越困难。第三,通过一个有实验结果的24°压缩拐角高超声速复杂流动数值计算,进一步澄清了前人关于minmod限制器耗散特性的不准确认识,得到了与理论分析相一致的计算结果,即 minmod 限制器可以是耗散性比Albada限制器更小的压缩型限制器。计算结果表明,对于包含强激波的高超声速复杂流动,本文使用的minmod限制器比superbee限制器和van Albada限制器更容易满足稳定性和高精度的计算要求。     

Continuous morphing trailing-edge wing concept based on multi-stable nanomaterial

Morphing technology is one of the most effective methods to improve the flight efficiency of aircraft. Traditional control surfaces based morphing method is mature and widely used on current civil and military aircraft, but insufficiently effective for the entire flight envelope. Recent research on morphing wing still faces the challenge that the skin material for morphing should be both deformable and stiff. In this study, a continuous morphing trailing-edge wing with a new multi-stable nano skin material fabricated using surface mechanical attrition treatment technology was proposed and designed. Computational fluid dynamics simulation was used to study the aerodynamic performance of the continuous morphing trailing-edge wing. Results show that the lift coefficient increases with the increase of deflection angle and so does the lift-drag ratio at a small angle of attack. More importantly, compared with the wing using flaps, the continuous morphing trailing-edge wing can reduce drag during the morphing process and its overall aerodynamic performance is improved at a large angle of attack range. Flow field analysis reveals that the continuous morphing method can delay flow separation in some situations.     

卫星氢镍蓄电池电解液在轨回流特性仿真

氢镍蓄电池电解液在轨流动特性是影响其工作性能和使用寿命的重要因素,对蓄电池设计与优化具有重要意义。针对高轨通信卫星使用的80Ah氢镍蓄电池,建立了电解液流动运动的三维仿真模型,采用计算流体动力学（CFD）数值仿真方法,对氢镍蓄电池单体内的电解液在轨微重力条件下的流动特性和分布特点进行了仿真研究。通过对比分析不同边界条件下的仿真结果,提出了在蓄电池极堆与壳体两端之间增加电解液流动路径可以提高电解液回流速度,并改进卫星氢镍蓄电池在轨工作性能,研究结果可为卫星蓄电池和电源系统设计提供参考。     

高超声速飞行器无在线求导backstepping控制方法

针对高超声速飞行器纵向通道跟踪控制问题,提出一种无需对虚拟控制量进行在线求导的新型backstepping控制方法.首先将飞行器动力学模型划分为速度子系统和航迹倾角子系统,然后采用backstepping方法设计航迹倾角子系统控制器,利用高阶微分器技术直接设计虚拟控制量一阶导数的控制律,这样即避免了现有backstep...     

Experimental and numerical study of chaff cloud kinetic performance under impact of high speed airflow

To solve the kinetic and diffusion problem of surface-type infrared decoy, multi-chaff kinetic models are established and chaff cloud holistic kinetic performance are analyzed under the impact of high speed airflow in this work. Chaffs rotate rapidly during the motion under the impact of high speed airflow. The rotation speed is correlated with lift, position of pressure center and aerodynamic damping. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is used to compute the aerodynamic coefficients of chaff. It is found that there exists serious aerodynamic interference which mainly relates to the overlapping area and distance among chaffs during the diffusion of chaff cloud. The chaff wind tunnel test and rocket sled experiment are carried out to verify the credibility of the models in this work. Then, the variation of chaff cloud expectation and extremum are analyzed to achieve the holistic kinetic and diffusing performance of chaff cloud. Simulation results demonstrate that the chaffs diffuse rapidly under the impact of high speed airflow and chaff cloud can be formed rapidly within 0.5?s. The shape of the chaff cloud is similar to cone that forms a certain angle with the horizontal plane and most chaffs focus on the second half.     

Aerodynamic characteristics of morphing wing with flexible leading-edge

The morphing wing can improve the flight performance during different phases. However, research has been subject to limitations in aerodynamic characteristics of the morphing wing with a flexible leading-edge. The computational fluid dynamic method and dynamic mesh were used to simulate the continuous morphing of the flexible leading-edge. After comparing the steady aerodynamic characteristics of morphing and conventional wings, this study examined the unsteady aerodynamic characteristics of morphing wings with upward and downward deflections of the leading-edge at different frequencies. The numerical results show that for the steady aerodynamic, the leading-edge deflection mainly affects the stall characteristic. The downward deflection of the leading-edge increases the stall angle of attack and nose-down pitching moment. The results are opposite for the upward deflection. For the unsteady aerodynamic, at a small angle of attack, the transient lift coefficient of the upward deflection, growing with the increase of deflection frequency, is larger than that of the static case. The transient lift coefficient of the downward deflection, decreasing with the increase of deflection frequency, is smaller than that of the static case. However, at a large angle of attack, an opposite effect of deflection frequency on the transient lift coefficient was demonstrated. The transient lift coefficient is larger than that of the static case when the leading edge is in the nose-up stage, and lower than that of the static one in the nose-down stage.     

管内对流沸腾系中过冷沸腾域真实干度及平均空隙率的解析

发展了一种根据单相紊流速温分布来预测强迫对流沸腾系。特别是过冷域真实干度及空隙率的解析计算方法。该方法采用世古口、江崎提出的模型。采用了Von.Karman的三层速度分布和Martineli的三层温度分布, 导出了真实干度及空隙率的计算公式。对于蒸汽-水系及FreonR113在很广的压力、质量流速、热流密度范围内进行了计算并与有关实验结果进行了系统对比, 在Re=104～106, P_r=1～8具有满意的精度。      

A new model to simulate infrared radiation from an aircraft exhaust system

A multi-scale narrow band correlated-k distribution(MSNBCK) model is developed to simulate infrared radiation(IR) from an exhaust system of a typical aircraft engine.In this model,an approximate approach instead of statistically uncorrelated assumption is used to treat overlapping bands in gas mixture.It significantly reduces the requirement for computing power through converting the exponential increase of computing power consumption with the increase of participating gas species to linear increase.Besides,MSNBCK model has a great advantage compared with conventional methods which can estimate each species' contribution to the total gas mixture radiation intensity.Line by line(LBL) results,experimental data and other results in the references are used to evaluate this new model,which demonstrates its advantage in terms of accuracy and computing efficiency.By coupling this model and finite volume method(FVM) into radiative transfer equation(RTE),a comparative study is conducted to simulate IR signature from the exhaust system.The results indicate that wall's IR emission should be considered in both 3-5 μm and8-14 μm bands while gases' IR emission plays an important role only in 3-5 μm band.For plume IR radiation,carbon dioxide's emission is much more significant than that of water vapor in both3-5μm and 8-14 μm bands.Especially in 3-5 μm band,the water vapor's IR signal can even be neglected compared with that of carbon dioxide.     

基于CFD的座舱盖加温疲劳试验台设计方案优选

在对较大面积座舱盖进行长时间高低温频繁转换的加温疲劳试验时,实现座舱盖外表面温度场的均匀分布是保障试验可靠性的关键所在,也是设计疲劳试验台需要解决的技术难题。本文以座舱盖加温疲劳试验台为研究对象,以相互耦合的航向温差和展向温差定义温度场均匀性,考察不同设计参数对温度场均匀性的影响。选取环形通道的试验段和前过渡段为计算区域,并建立了三维非稳态对流-导热模型,基于计算流体力学（CFD）方法开展座舱盖加温疲劳试验台设计参数的方案优选,详细分析了入口温度控制周期、试验段的特征尺寸、入口流量和前过渡段特征角度对温度场均匀性的影响。研究发现：改变入口温度控制周期不会对座舱盖外表面温度分布产生显著影响,而调整试验段的特征尺寸可以明显改变航向温差和展向温差;此外,增大入口流量可以有效提高座舱盖外表面的温度场均匀性,通过改变前过渡段特征角度可以明显改善由风挡温度引起的温差超标问题,研究结果可为座舱盖加温疲劳试验台的设计方案优选提供理论支持。     

基于短时时差序列的无源定位方法

针对脉冲辐射源定位问题,提出了一种基于短时时差(TDOA)序列的多站无源定位新方法.首先建立了TDoA序列模型,然后推导了该方法定位误差的克拉美罗下限(CRLB),并提出了一种高效的解算方法--两步定位法(TSLM):第1步利用TDOA序列线性估计出TDOA及其变化率信息,第2步基于TDOA及其变化率信息进行定位.典型...