嵌入式挥舞吸振器对旋翼桨叶挥舞载荷的抑制研究

为了抑制刚性旋翼桨叶的二阶挥舞交变载荷,在桨叶内部挥舞方向嵌入动力吸振器。为探究动力吸振器抑制旋翼桨根处二阶挥舞载荷的效果,通过建立旋翼桨叶与挥舞动力吸振器二自由度耦合系统模型,推导出嵌有挥舞吸振器的耦合系统的运动微分方程,比较液弹吸振器与弹性吸振器抑制挥舞方向载荷的效果,并对影响吸振器吸振性能和挥舞吸振器的动态特性的结构参数进行分析。研究表明,挥舞吸振器在旋转和不旋转时,其固有频率并未发生改变;液弹吸振器和弹性吸振器都能达到良好的降低桨叶挥舞方向低阶载荷的效果,但液弹吸振器所需行程明显小于弹性吸振器。     

评美空、海军飞机强度规范中的寿命和可靠性要求

本文介绍了美国空军、海军飞机结构强度和刚度规范自60年代初共用一套规范到80年代后期各自推出新规范的过程。说明了各个时期规范修订的内容,重点就与寿命和可靠性有关的条款作了较详细的对比分析,诸如寿命概念、载荷环境谱、疲劳试验件、疲劳试验进度、分散系数和部队管理等。最后,对美空军釆用的经济寿命概念(耐久性设计技术)发表了看法。     

关于累积疲劳损伤定则

根据实验结果和分析表明,Miner定则可用于变幅载荷下始裂寿命的估算,但要考虑载荷谱中大、小载荷交互作用。载荷交互作用效应可用疲劳裂纹起始的超载效应因子予以定量地表征。裂纹起始的超载效应取决于材料的应变硬化特性、构件几何以及超载的大小。因此,应视具体情况使用Miner定则。在始裂寿命占疲劳寿命主要部分的情况下,Miner定则可近似地用于估算疲劳寿命。     

两种计算起落架节点载荷方法的比较

Fortran语言编程和有限元是计算起落架节点载荷的两种常用方法。本文运用两种方法计算了某型飞机起落架节点载荷,比较了两种方法的优劣,并得出相关结论。     

带主动控制技术飞机平尾机动载荷计算研究

研究了采用主动控制技术飞机飞行参数对平尾机动载荷的影响,包括带纵向控制电传操纵系统和“硬连接”状态,气动特性考虑弹性修正和不考虑弹性修正等方案。给出了这些状态下飞行参数的变化规律,计算了这些状态平尾的机动载荷,得到了一些规律性的结论,可以用于飞机型号设计中。     

颗粒尺寸对Fe-Si-Al 电磁与吸波性能的影响

为阐明吸收剂的颗粒尺寸与吸波材料电磁、吸波性能之间的关系,以气雾化球状Fe-Si-Al粉末为原料,通过筛分获得不同颗粒尺寸的Fe-Si-Al合金,以硅橡胶为基体制备了Fe-Si-Al吸波材料。借助振动样品磁强计和矢量网络分析仪分别研究了颗粒尺寸对Fe-Si-Al粉末和吸波材料的比饱和磁化强度、电磁参数和吸波性能的影响。结果表明:随着颗粒尺寸的减小,Fe-Si-Al粉末的比饱和磁化强度增加;吸波材料的复磁导率增加,复介电常数减小;3 mm厚的Fe-Si-Al吸波材料随其颗粒尺寸的减小,匹配频率向低频移动。减小吸收剂的粒径有助于提高其磁性能和吸波材料的低频吸收效果。     

Application of complex nonlinear modes to determine dry whip motion in a rubbing rotor system

Dry whip motion is an instability of rubbing rotor system and may cause catastrophic failures of rotating machinery. Up to now, the related mechanisms of the dry whip is still not well understood. This paper aims to build the relationship between the complex nonlinear modes and the dry whip motion, and propose an effective method to predict the response characteristics and existence boundary of the dry whip through complex nonlinear modes. For the first time, the paper discusses how to use the complex nonlinear modes to predict the dry whip systematically, and as a consequence, the mechanism of the relationship between the complex nonlinear mode and the dry whip is revealed. The results show that the Backward Whirl (BW) mode motion of the rubbing rotor system dominates the response characteristics and the existence boundary of dry whip. The whirl amplitude and whirl frequency of dry whip are equal to the modal amplitude and modal frequency of the BW mode at the jump up point where the modal damping is equal to zero. The existence boundary corresponds to the critical rotation speed where the minimum of the modal damping of the BW mode motion is exactly equal to zero. Moreover, the proposed nonlinear modal method in this article is very effective for the prediction of dry whip of the more complicated practical rotor system, which has been verified by applying the predicted method into a rubbing rotor test rig.     

飞机装载状态对机轮载荷和起降安全性影响的定量分析

飞机的装载状态直接决定了飞机的起落架压缩量和机轮载荷,同时起落架的压缩量还影响着飞机的起降稳定性。本文分析了机轮载荷的理论值偏离实测值的原因,利用解析几何方法对理论算法进行修正,开发了基于Visual Basic的飞机起落架压缩量与轮载分析程序,对各种可能的装载状态进行分析,得到了各状态的机轮修正载荷和起落架稳定性参数,计算结果与实测值吻合的较好。     

Non-random vibration analysis for general viscous damping systems

The authors recently developed a kind of non-probabilistic analysis method, named as ‘non-random vibration analysis’, to deal with the important random vibration problems, in which the excitation and response are both given in the form of interval process rather than stochastic process. Since it has some attractive advantages such as easy to understand, convenient to use and small dependence on samples, the non-random vibration analysis method is expected to be an effective supplement of the traditional random vibration theory. In this paper, we further extend the non-random vibration analysis into the general viscous damping system, and formulate a method to calculate the dynamic response bounds of a viscous damping vibration system under uncertain excitations. Firstly, the unit impulse response matrix of the system is obtained by using a complex mode superposition method. Secondly, an analytic formulation of the system dynamic response middle point and radius under uncertain excitations is derived based on the Duhamel's integral, and thus the upper and lower response bounds of the system can be obtained. Finally, two numerical examples are investigated to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

压气机叶片安装板内侧面自动化磨抛加工

针对压气机叶片安装板的自动化磨抛加工,基于北航提出的自动化磨抛加工工艺开展了应用研究。结合叶片安装板区域复杂曲面或结构特点,通过对磨抛轮的粒度优选、磨抛过程的优化以及接触压力的调整,实现了磨抛精度及表面粗糙度符合设计要求的攻关目标。试验结果表明:磨抛后表面粗糙度Ra在0.4μm以下,去除量在0.03mm以内,实现了替代手工磨抛的目的。在磨抛效率上也实现了与多台数控铣的节拍匹配,在200件叶片试制过程中磨抛工艺系统稳定,拟将该技术广泛推广应用于压气机叶片的研制和生产中。