矩阵分析方法在航线规划中的应用研究

基于矩阵分析的原理和航线规划的原则,结合中国航空公司的特点和市场环境,将传统的矩阵分析方法应用于航空公司航线规划中,为航空公司在激烈的市场竞争中进行正确的航线规划提供了一种有效的战略分析工具.     

从飞机总体角度规划试飞工作

随着飞机设计技术难度的加大, 对新机进行飞行试验的工作量和复杂程度也日益提高, 试飞工作涉及的因素也越来越多。如何从飞机设计的总体角度出发, 对飞行试验的各项工作进行规划, 用以影响设计, 提前安排相关工作, 是本文研究的主题。本文将试飞纳入到型号研制的全局中, 从试飞内容、测试改装、试飞样机数量及状态、关键试飞技术、试飞保障、试飞支持等10个方面提出试飞规划内容。     

基于改进的粒子群优化算法的无人作战飞机航路规划

事先针对敌方防御区内的威胁部署和目标的分布情况,对无人作战飞机的飞行航路进行整体规划设计,可以综合减小被敌方发现和反击的可能性、降低耗油量,从而显著提高UCAV执行对地攻击(或侦察)任务的成功率.在对粒子群优化技术研究的基础上,将一种用于解决TSP的PSO算法加以改进,引入模拟退火的策略思想,借以克服PSO算法易陷局部最优的早熟现象,并在UCAV航路规划中加以运用.仿真实验表明,该算法简易而有效,用其优化出的航路能够满足UCAV飞行任务规划的需要.     

The MESSENGER Science Operations Center

The MESSENGER Science Operations Center (SOC) is an integrated set of subsystems and personnel whose purpose is to obtain, provide, and preserve the scientific measurements and analysis that fulfill the objectives of the MErcury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry, and Ranging (MESSENGER) mission. The SOC has two main functional areas. The first is to facilitate science instrument planning and operational activities, including related spacecraft guidance and control operations, and to work closely with the Mission Operations Center to implement those plans. The second functional area, data management and analysis, involves the receipt of science-related telemetry, reformatting and cataloging this telemetry and related ancillary information, retaining the science data for use by the MESSENGER Science Team, and preparing data archives for delivery to the Planetary Data System; and the provision of operational assistance to the instrument and science teams in executing their algorithms and generating higher-level data products.     

星际小推力转移轨道快速设计方法

 针对星际探测任务中燃料最省小推力转移轨道问题,提出一种基于标称轨道的快速设计方法。首先以具有相同端点时刻的无摄动标称轨道为参考,对传统的非线性轨道优化模型进行合理变换,将复杂的优化问题简化为可解的两点边值问题;然后基于标称轨道3个独立积分推导出解析的状态转移矩阵,并以此为基础导出了两点边值问题的最优解析解。该方法无需数值迭代,有效地克服了数值优化方法收敛性差、计算效率低的缺点。最后,以探测火星的小推力转移轨道为例对该方法进行了验证,与精确的数值结果相比,该方法计算的燃料消耗误差小于1%。     

基于弧长参数的开边自由曲面构件上纤维均匀覆盖(英文)

This article uses arc-length parameters for path planning to carry out robotic fibre placement （RFP） over open-contoured structures This allows representing the initial path and offset points using an identical mathematical equation and computation by more simple arithmetic. With the help of classical differential geometry, the calculation of fiber-placing paths may be reduced to solution of initial-value problems of first-order ordinary differential equations in the parametric domain （parametrically defined mould surface） or in 3D space （an implicitly defined mould surface）, thereby significantly improving on the existing methods. Compared with the conventional methods, the proposed method, besides its computational simplicity, has a better error control mechanism in computing the initial path and offset points. Numerical experiments are also carried out to demonstrate the feasibility of the new method in composite forming processes and also its potential application in computer numerical control （CNC） machining, surface trim, and other industrial practices.     

基于蚁群算法的无人机航路规划

为了提高无人机(UAV)作战任务的成功率，在敌方防御区域内执行攻击任务前必须规划设计出高效的无人机飞行航路，保证无人机能够以最小的被发现概率及可接受的航程到达目标点。针对这一问题，对新近发展的蚁群算法进行了讨论，提出了适用于航路规划的优化方法，并对无人机的攻击任务航路进行了仿真计算。仿真结果表明，该方法是一种有效的航路规划方法。     

基于Gauss伪谱法的固体运载火箭上升段轨迹快速优化研究

研究Gauss伪谱法在多级固体运载火箭上升段轨迹快速优化设计中的应用。针对多
级固体运载火箭上升段轨迹优化的特点,研究了求解多阶段最优控制问题的Gauss伪谱法,
引入连接点概念处理间断点,设计了边界控制变量计算方法。为进一步提高轨迹优化速度,
设计了含初值生成器的Gauss伪谱法串行轨迹优化策略,实现了固体运载火箭上升段轨迹快
速优化。仿真结果表明,采用提出的优化方法优化一条上升段轨迹所用时间为2~3分钟,终
端约束和路径约束均得到很好满足,算法求解精度高,对初值依赖性小,设计的边界控制变
量计算方法可行。     

自由漂浮空间机器人最小基座反作用轨迹规划

在自由漂浮空间机器人系统中,由于机械臂与基座之间存在动力学耦合,机械臂运动会对基座产生不期望的反作用干扰,因此必须最小化基座反作用。为此,提出了一种关节空间内点对点轨迹规划的方法。首先,利用sin函数参数化关节轨迹;然后根据基座反作用和运动约束定义适应函数;最后利用混沌粒子群优化(CPSO)算法搜索空间机械臂的全局最优轨迹,使基座反作用最小。该方法考虑了机械臂的关节角、关节速度和加速度约束。给出一个仿真算例来验证该方法的有效性。规划的轨迹连续平滑,适用于多自由度空间机械臂。     

Learning to Reach to Locations Encoded from Imaging Displays

We examined the use of hand gestures while people solved spatial reasoning problem in which they had to infer motion from static diagrams (mental animation problems). In Experiment 1, participants were asked to think aloud while solving mental animation problems. They gestured on more than 90% of problems, and most gestures expressed information about the component motions that was not stated in words. Two further experiments examined whether the gestures functioned in the mechanical inference process, or whether they merely served functions of expressing or communicating the results of this process. In these experiments, we examined the effects of instructions to think aloud, restricting participants' hand motions, and secondary tasks on mental animation performance. Although participants who were instructed to think aloud gestured more than control groups, some gestures occurred even in control conditions. A concurrent spatial tapping task impaired performance on mechanical reasoning, whereas a simple tapping task and restricting hand motions did not. These results indicate that gestures are a natural way of expressing the results of mental animation processes and suggest that spatial working memory and premotor representations are involved in mental animation. They provide no direct evidence that gestures are functional in the thought process itself, but do not rule out a role for overt gestures in this type of spatial thinking.