固定翼双旋弹动力学分岔特性分析

针对一种滚转稳定的固定翼双旋弹,对其非线性动力学进行了分岔特性分析,并在此基础上研究了各系统参数对其动力学分岔特性的影响。根据固定翼双旋弹非对称的特点,通过数值计算方法研究其飞行过程中平衡点随同向鸭翼安装角的变化规律,通过系统的分岔图得知系统具有三组稳定平衡点,其中只有一组平衡点为理想可行的稳定平衡点,因此需限定同向鸭翼安装角的范围以使固定翼双旋弹保持稳定飞行。在此基础上针对固定翼双旋弹弹道修正组件周期旋转和转角固定两种工作模式,通过各系统参数下的系统分岔图总结了固定翼双旋弹结构及气动力参数对其动力学系统分岔特性的影响。仿真结果表明,固定翼双旋弹的各气动力参数及飞行速度均对系统的分岔特性具有较大影响,应合理选定这些系统参数以使其具有良好的气动特性。     

Medium resolution near-infrared spectra of the host galaxies of nearby quasars

We present medium resolution near-infrared host galaxy spectra of low redshift quasars, PG 0844+349$0844+349$ (z = 0.064), PG 1226+023$1226+023$ (z = 0.158), and PG 1426+015$1426+015$ (z = 0.086). The observations were done by using the Infrared Camera and Spectrograph (IRCS) at the Subaru 8.2 m telescope. The full width at half maximum of the point spread function was about 0.3 arcsec by operations of an adaptive optics system, which can effectively resolve the quasar spectra from the host galaxy spectra. We spent up to several hours per target and developed data reduction methods to reduce the systematic noises of the telluric emissions and absorptions. From the obtained spectra, we identified absorption features of Mg I (1.503 μm), Si I (1.589 μm) and CO (6-3) (1.619 μm), and measured the velocity dispersions of PG 0844+349$0844+349$ to be 132 ± 110 km s⁻¹ and PG 1426+015$1426+015$ to be 264 ± 215 km s⁻¹. By using an _MBH–σ$M_{\text{BH}}''–''\sigma$ relation of elliptical galaxies, we derived the black hole (BH) mass of PG 0844+349$0844+349$, log(_MBH/_M⊙)=7.7±5.5$\log (M_{\text{BH}}/M_{\odot })=7.7\pm 5.5$ and PG 1426+015,log(_MBH/_M⊙)=9.0±7.5$1426+015\text{,}\log (M_{\text{BH}}/M_{\odot })=9.0\pm 7.5$. These values are consistent with the BH mass values from broad emission lines with an assumption of a virial factor of 5.5.     

Vehicle State and Parameter Estimation Based on Dual Unscented Particle Filter Algorithm

Acquisition of real-time and accurate vehicle state and parameter information is critical to the research of vehicle dynamic control system. By studying the defects of the former Kalman filter based estimation method, a new estimating method is proposed. First the nonlinear vehicle dynamics system, containing inaccurate model pa rameters and constant noise, is established. Then a dual unscented particle filter （DUPF） algorithm is proposed. In the algorithm two unscented particle filters run in parallel, states estimation and parameters estimation update each other. The results of simulation and vehicle ground testing indicate that the DUPF algorithm has higher state estimation accuracy than unscented Kalman filter （UKF） and dual extended Kalman filter （DEKF）, and it also has good capability to revise model parameters.     

考虑自动驾驶仪动态特性的含攻击角约束的反演递推制导律

针对制导武器需要攻击角度控制的要求及自动驾驶仪动态特性对制导效果的不利影响,提出了考虑自动驾驶仪动态特性补偿、具有末端攻击角约束的反演递推制导律。首先结合反馈线性化技术,利用本文推广的积分反演定理设计了二阶子系统的虚拟控制律;然后进一步应用反演递推方法推导了考虑自动驾驶仪动态特性的含攻击角约束的制导律,并通过李雅普诺夫稳定性理论详细地证明了该制导律对于视线角和视线角速率的指数收敛特性。在实例应用仿真中,给出了该制导律的具体实现方法,比较了该制导律与其他制导律的制导性能,检验了该制导律对不同作战任务的制导效果。仿真结果表明,该制导律具有良好的性能和工程应用推广价值。     

高超声速复杂流动中的限制器效应数值仿真

从理论分析和数值计算两个方面,对计算流体动力学(CFD)计算中常见的几种MUSCL型迎风式限制器耗散特性进行了研究,包括superbee限制器、van Albada限制器和两种minmod限制器。首先从理论上证明minmod限制器可以是耗散性较小的压缩型限制器,前人关于minmod限制器完全是耗散型限制器的认识是不准确的。其次,通过NACA0012翼型绕流计算表明,限制器耗散特性会对数值计算收敛过程产生重要影响,耗散性越小,如superbee限制器,则收敛越困难。第三,通过一个有实验结果的24°压缩拐角高超声速复杂流动数值计算,进一步澄清了前人关于minmod限制器耗散特性的不准确认识,得到了与理论分析相一致的计算结果,即 minmod 限制器可以是耗散性比Albada限制器更小的压缩型限制器。计算结果表明,对于包含强激波的高超声速复杂流动,本文使用的minmod限制器比superbee限制器和van Albada限制器更容易满足稳定性和高精度的计算要求。     

两车道交通流的波动分析

对一个由快慢两条车道组成的交通流系统,将基于速度梯度的动力方程应用到每条车道上,得到一种新的交通流动力学模型,可以用来揭示车流的小扰失稳和走走停停等非平衡特性.研究了该模型的波动特性,包括冲击波、稀疏波和一阶波传播,数值计算结果表明该模型能够较好地处理冲击波和稀疏波现象,也能够正确地再现走走停停的交通现象.此研究有助于进一步理解多车道的驾车行为和多车道交通流的非线性动力学特性,从而可以提高交通管理与控制水平.     

轴对称矢量喷管偏转效率的快速分析方法

提出了一种骨架与A8滚子间柔性线线高副约束的简化算法,在该算法和模态综合法相结合的基础上构建了轴对称矢量喷管（AVEN）的刚柔耦合动力学模型,并遵循力的叠加原理和能量等效原则实现了热态气动载荷的等效简化和实时加载。基于该算法的仿真结果与实验误差约为4%,具有较高可信性;而与采用接触的模型对比仿真表明,二者精度相当,而前者更加稳定高效,能将单工况的计算时间从三天缩短到半小时;针对轴对称矢量喷管的某中间和加力典型工作状态,采用该算法模型对比分析了关键件柔性对轴对称矢量喷管偏转效率的贡献,最终发现：A9环是偏转效率的主要影响因素,占比超过94%。仿真结果表明,该算法模型本身就是一种效率与精度兼顾的稳定仿真方法,而A9环对偏转效率的影响占比表明,使用仅考虑A9环柔性的刚柔耦合模型将是轴对称矢量喷管偏转效率仿真的一种更加高效的快速估算方法。     

多因素影响下的起落架收放系统性能分析

起落架收放系统是集机、电、液的混合复杂系统,影响收放性能的因素也呈多样性.针对目前大多研究并未较好地将收放各部分系统综合考虑的研究现状,提出了一套结合理论分析、多学科仿真技术及试验验证的分析方法,为起落架收放系统提供了较准确的分析手段.首先采用功率键合图法详细地推导了起落架收放系统动力学方程;在理论模型的基础上,建立了结合起落架动力学和液压系统的多学科协同仿真模型,并用试验结果对虚拟样机模型进行验证;最后详细讨论了混合系统中各关键参数对起落架收放性能的影响.研究结果表明,联合仿真模型的压力曲线与试验实测数据吻合良好,同时侧风、摩擦阻力、阻尼孔、液弹、油液泄漏等关键参数对收放性能都有不同程度的影响,分析结果可用于指导起落架收放参数设计、收放故障分析及可靠性研究.      

飞翼布局无人机进排气影响及机理分析

进气道尾喷管的存在不仅影响着飞机机身前后的流场特性与压力分布,而且影响着飞机升力特性、阻力特性以及力矩特性.为了研究进排气效应对飞机气动特性的影响,采用计算流体力学(CFD)数值模拟技术,建立飞翼布局无人机(UAV)堵锥整流模型和动力影响模型,其中动力影响模型是根据发动机不同的工作状态,在进气道以及尾喷管截面上设置不同的边界条件,对比分析这两种计算模型在流场特征和气动特性上的差异性,揭示内在的影响机理.进排气效应的研究有助于飞机/发动机的一体化气动综合设计.      

Continuous morphing trailing-edge wing concept based on multi-stable nanomaterial

Morphing technology is one of the most effective methods to improve the flight efficiency of aircraft. Traditional control surfaces based morphing method is mature and widely used on current civil and military aircraft, but insufficiently effective for the entire flight envelope. Recent research on morphing wing still faces the challenge that the skin material for morphing should be both deformable and stiff. In this study, a continuous morphing trailing-edge wing with a new multi-stable nano skin material fabricated using surface mechanical attrition treatment technology was proposed and designed. Computational fluid dynamics simulation was used to study the aerodynamic performance of the continuous morphing trailing-edge wing. Results show that the lift coefficient increases with the increase of deflection angle and so does the lift-drag ratio at a small angle of attack. More importantly, compared with the wing using flaps, the continuous morphing trailing-edge wing can reduce drag during the morphing process and its overall aerodynamic performance is improved at a large angle of attack range. Flow field analysis reveals that the continuous morphing method can delay flow separation in some situations.