基于速度增量修正的卫星入轨段外测数据定轨新方法

在传统的数值积分精密定轨方法基础上,提出基于器箭分离速度增量修正的定轨方法,实现了器箭分离前后两段外测数据的联合定轨。仿真计算结果和任务实战数据验证结果表明,该方法大大提高了地月转移轨道入轨段外测定轨精度,比传统初轨确定方法提高约一个数量级。     

一种提高空间实验室定轨精度的方法

以近地航天器轨道动力学为基础,建立变阻力系数大气摄动模型,设计了求解变阻力系数的算法。然后利用天宫一号飞行器的测轨数据进行计算,分析了空间实验室飞行高度的轨道特性,其中包括：大气模式密度误差、变阻力系数与空间环境关系、定轨残差和星历误差。在空间环境平静和磁暴的条件下,制定了多种求解变阻力系数的策略,解决了空间实验室长弧段定轨精度受限的问题,并在空间环境平静条件下实现了优于10米的定轨精度,在磁暴条件下实现了优于20米的定轨精度。     

高超声速升力体飞行器等离子体鞘数值模拟

为探究高超声速再入过程中通信“黑障”的影响因素,基于一种化学反应平衡气体组分模型,采用有限体积法求解三维全N-S方程,数值方法采用AUSMPW+格式和LU-SGS隐式求解方法,模拟典型球锥体的高超声速流场,得到的电子数密度分布同RAM-C II飞行试验数据吻合良好。并针对一种升力体外形飞行器进行计算,选取高度范围35~55〖KG*9〗km、马赫数12~25、攻角10°~30°共14个飞行状态,得到了不同状态下的飞行器周围的电子数密度分布情况,对比分析发现电子数密度值与飞行高度、马赫数以及攻角的大小关系密切。     

求解C_nH_mO_lN_k-空气系统化学平衡成分的双变量迭代法

燃烧过程和高温气体热力过程的计算需要求解燃气的化学平衡成分。本文提出了一种求解C_(n)H_(m)O_(l)N_(h)-空气系统化学平衡成分的双变量迭代法。与普通的简单迭代法相比,双变量迭代法的收敛性十分可靠;与赫夫法和怀特法相比,双变量迭代法的计算机程序十分简单、计算量极小(所需机时仅为前两者的10％～30％),而收敛性还有所改善。此外,对于贫油混气,文中还提出了双变量同时迭代的计算方案,使计算过程的收敛速度进一步提高。     

Precession–nutation correction for star tracker attitude measurement of STECE satellite

Space Technology Experiment and Climate Exploration(STECE) is a small satellite mission of China for space technology experiment and climate exploration. A new test star tracker and one ASTRO 10 star tracker have been loaded on the STECE satellite to test the new star tracker's measurement performance. However,there is no autonomous precession–nutation correction function for the test star tracker,which causes an apparent periodic deflection in the inter-boresight angle between the two star trackers with respect to each other of up to ±500 arcsec,so the precession and nutation effect needs to be considered while assessing the test star tracker. This paper researches on the precession–nutation correction for the test star tracker's attitude measurement and presents a precession–nutation correction method based on attitude quaternion data. The periodic deflection of the inter-boresight angle between the two star trackers has been greatly eliminated after the precession and nutation of the test star tracker's attitude data have been corrected by the proposed method and the validity of the proposed algorithm has been demonstrated. The in-flight accuracy of the test star tracker has been assessed like attitude noise and low-frequency errors after the precession–nutation correction.     

DOA estimation for attitude determination on communication satellites

In order to determine an appropriate attitude of three-axis stabilized communication satellites, this paper describes a novel attitude determination method using direction of arrival （DOA） estimation of a ground signal source. It differs from optical measurement, magnetic field measurement, inertial measurement, and global positioning system （GPS） attitude determination. The proposed method is characterized by taking the ground signal source as the attitude reference and acquiring attitude information from DOA estimation. Firstly, an attitude measurement equation with DOA estimation is derived in detail. Then, the error of the measurement equation is analyzed. Finally, an attitude determination algorithm is presented using a dynamic model, the attitude measurement equation, and measurement errors. A developing low Earth orbit （LEO） satellite which tests mobile communication technology with smart antennas can be stabilized in three axes by corporately using a magnetometer, reaction wheels, and three-axis magnetorquer rods. Based on the communication satellite, simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the method. The method could be a backup of attitude determination to prevent a system failure on the satellite. Its precision depends on the number of snapshots and the input signal-to-noise ratio （SNR） with DOA estimation.     

An improved quaternion Gauss–Newton algorithm for attitude determination using magnetometer and accelerometer

For the vector attitude determination, the traditional optimal algorithms which are based on quaternion estimator(QUEST) measurement noise model are complicated for just two observations. In our application, the magnetometer and accelerometer are not two comparable kinds of sensors and both are not small field-of-view sensors as well. So in this paper a new unit measurement model is derived. According to the Wahba problem, the optimal weights for each measurement are obtained by the error variance researches. Then an improved quaternion Gauss–Newton method is presented and adopted to acquire attitude. Eventually, simulation results and experimental validation employed to test the proposed method demonstrate the usefulness of the improved algorithm.     

Feasibility study of autonomous orbit determination using only the crosslink range measurement for a combined navigation constellation

In order to expand the coverage area of satellite navigation systems, a combined navigation constellation which is formed by a global navigation constellation and a Lagrangian navigation constellation was studied. Only the crosslink range measurement was used to achieve long-term precise autonomous orbit determination for the combined navigation constellation, and the measurement model was derived. Simulations of 180 days based on the international global navigation satellite system(GNSS) service(IGS) ephemeris showed that the mentioned autonomous orbit determination method worked well in the Earth–Moon system. Statistical results were used to analyze the accuracy of autonomous orbit determination under the influences of different Lagrangian satellite constellations.     

基于均匀性判定规则的统计MIMO雷达多通道融合检测技术

针对统计MIMO雷达各观测通道统计特性不一致的情况,提出了一种多通道融合检测技术。该技术利用均匀性判定规则,选择一组均匀的、"被认为是具有较高信杂噪比"的局部检验统计量来构建全局检验统计量,即新的检测器。给出了新检测器的设计步骤和均匀性判定规则,并利用全概率公式证明了新检测器的虚警概率与每一操作步骤中过门限概率的关系,从而为仿真得出检测门限提供了理论基础。仿真结果表明,在不同通道间信噪比分布类型条件下,新检测器的检测性能具有较强的稳健性,且与不同条件下性能最优的检测器相比,其性能损失很小。     

Spin motion determination of the Envisat satellite through laser ranging measurements from a single pass measured by a single station

The Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR) technology is used to accurately determine the position of space objects equipped with so-called retro-reflectors or retro-reflector arrays (RRA). This type of measurement allows to measure the range to the spacecraft with high precision, which leads to determination of very accurate orbits for these targets. Non-active spacecraft, which are not attitude controlled any longer, tend to start to spin or tumble under influence of the external and internal torques and forces.If the return signal is measured for a non-spherical non-active rotating object, the signal in the range residuals with respect to the reference orbit is more complex. For rotating objects the return signal shows an oscillating pattern or patterns caused by the RRA moving around the satellite’s centre of mass. This behaviour is projected onto the radial component measured by the SLR.In our work, we demonstrate how the SLR ranging technique from one sensor to a satellite equipped with a RRA can be used to precisely determine its spin motion during one passage. Multiple SLR measurements of one target over time allow to accurately monitor spin motion changes which can be further used for attitude predictions. We show our solutions of the spin motion determined for the non-active ESA satellite Envisat obtained from measurements acquired during years 2013–2015 by the Zimmerwald SLR station, Switzerland. All the necessary parameters are defined for our own so-called point-like model which describes the motion of a point in space around the satellite centre of mass.