外翼上壁板根部连接形式对飞机承载能力的影响研究

在飞机结构设计中,外翼上壁板根部连接处结构形式对飞机的传力、变形、承载能力具有重要影响.通过对3种不同形式的上壁板根部连接方案进行压缩试验,研究各方案的承载能力、破坏方式.通过三维有限元方法,计算了连接部位的主要螺钉所分配的载荷,研究了长桁根部斜角对结构屈服载荷的影响,得到了最优的选型方案.     

双框架飞机蒙皮检测机器人切换运动控制方法

针对一种双框架飞机蒙皮检测机器人,通过分析该机器人在飞机表面上的受力情况,在飞机表面该机器人受到了非完整约束,基于牛顿-欧拉法建立了机器人非完整约束动力学模型。根据机器人机械结构和运动步态分析,将该非完整机器人系统分为子系统A和子系统B。为了实现机器人在飞机表面运动,采用反演技术和快速Terminal滑模控制相结合的思想对系统设计了控制器,提出了一种反演-滑模控制方法;对于非完整机器人子系统A和子系统B,设计了一种基于事件驱动的切换策略,实现了机器人对期望轨迹的全局渐近跟踪,并利用Lyapunov稳定性证明系统的跟踪误差收敛。仿真和试验表明,采用该切换策略和反演-滑模控制方法,双框架飞机蒙皮检测机器人可以在飞机表面自由运动并进行损伤检测,具有良好的可靠性和稳定性。     

可变形翼战术导弹飞行动力学联合仿真研究

基于集中质量假设发展的一套适于可变形翼导弹的多体运动模型,以附加惯性项及快变气动参数的形式来反映弹翼变形对导弹动态特性的影响,涉及交叉求解不同弹翼外形对应的气动特性及运动方程.由此提出的一种基于Missile DATCOM与MATLAB/SIMULlNK的联合仿真方法,应用于典型轴对称导弹的变翼动态特性研究中,快速有效...     

卷簧式浅层月壤取样器设计及动力学分析

面向浅层月壤取样,文章设计了新颖的卷簧式可伸缩小型月壤取样器,它包括柔性取样臂和振动式取样头。对取样器进行了动力学有限元分析,研究了取样臂为不同长度时取样头的振动模态及频率响应,得出取样臂一阶横振频率与取样臂长度呈负幂函数关系;对取样器测控系统进行了振动试验,通过扫频方式测量取样臂为不同长度时的自振频率,给出了取样臂长...     

柔性机翼阵风响应与被动减缓研究

高空长航时无人机的机翼展弦比大、柔性较强,飞行过程中极易受到阵风的影响。文章以几何精确本征理论建立结构模型,耦合 Pitt-Peters动力入流理论建立柔性机翼非线性气弹模型,研究了柔性机翼阵风响应以及翼尖被动阵风减缓效应。采用空间 -时间平行的有限元离散方法,将气弹方程转化为一阶微分代数方程,Newton-Raphson和 Generalized-α算法分别用于静态变形和动态响应的求解,通过算例研究了离散阵风载荷下柔性机翼的阵风响应,结果表明翼尖被动阵风减缓装置对机翼变形有明显的减缓效果。     

Flapping wing micro-aerial-vehicle:Kinematics,membranes, and flapping mechanisms of ornithopter and insect flight

The application of biomimetics in the development of unmanned-aerial-vehicles (UAV) has advanced to an exceptionally small scale of nano-aerial-vehicles (NAV), which has surpassed its immediate predecessor of micro-aerial-vehicles (MAV), leaving a vast range of development possi-bilities that MAVs have to offer. Because of the prompt advancement into the NAV research devel-opment, the true potential and challenges presented by MAV development were never solved, understood, and truly uncovered, especially under the influence of transition and low Reynolds number flow characteristics. This paper reviews a part of previous MAV research developments which are deemed important of notification; kinematics, membranes, and flapping mechanisms ranges from small birds to big insects, which resides within the transition and low Reynolds number regimes. This paper also reviews the possibility of applying a piezoelectric transmission used to pro-duce NAV flapping wing motion and mounted on a MAV, replacing the conventional motorized flapping wing transmission. Findings suggest that limited work has been done for MAVs matching these criteria. The preferred research approach has seen bias towards numerical analysis as com-pared to experimental analysis.     

Dynamic modeling and analysis of vortex filament motion using a novel curve-fitting method

Applications of a novel curve-fitting technique are presented to efficiently predict the motion of the vortex filament, which is trailed from a rigid body such as wings and rotors. The governing equations of the motion, when a Lagrangian approach with the present curve-fitting method is applied, can be transformed into an easily solvable form of the system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations. The applicability of Be′zier curves, B-spline, and Lagrange interpolating polynomials is investigated. Local Lagrange interpolating polynomials with a shift operator are proposed as the best selection for applications, since it provides superior system characteristics with minimum computing time, compared to other methods. In addition, the Gauss quadrature formula with local refinement strategy has been developed for an accurate prediction of the induced velocity computed with the line integration of the Biot–Savart law. Rotary-wing problems including a vortex ring problem are analyzed to show the efficiency, accuracy, and flexibility in the applications of the proposed method.     

Downsizing an orbital space robot: A dynamic system based evaluation

Small space robots have the potential to revolutionise space exploration by facilitating the on-orbit assembly of infrastructure, in shorter time scales, at reduced costs. Their commercial appeal will be further improved if such a system is also capable of performing on-orbit servicing missions, in line with the current drive to limit space debris and prolong the lifetime of satellites already in orbit. Whilst there have been a limited number of successful demonstrations of technologies capable of these on-orbit operations, the systems remain large and bespoke. The recent surge in small satellite technologies is changing the economics of space and in the near future, downsizing a space robot might become be a viable option with a host of benefits. This industry wide shift means some of the technologies for use with a downsized space robot, such as power and communication subsystems, now exist. However, there are still dynamic and control issues that need to be overcome before a downsized space robot can be capable of undertaking useful missions. This paper first outlines these issues, before analyzing the effect of downsizing a system on its operational capability. Therefore presenting the smallest controllable system such that the benefits of a small space robot can be achieved with current technologies. The sizing of the base spacecraft and manipulator are addressed here. The design presented consists of a 3 link, 6 degrees of freedom robotic manipulator mounted on a 12U form factor satellite. The feasibility of this 12U space robot was evaluated in simulation and the in-depth results presented here support the hypothesis that a small space robot is a viable solution for in-orbit operations.     

一种柔性空间双臂机器人的协同控制和避障方法

针对柔性空间机械臂在轨服务应用需求,提出一种基于刚体运动与柔性振动相耦合的空间双臂机器人协同控制方法.首先引入空间位姿变量的概念,构造出面向协同控制目标的Jacobian矩阵,建立柔性空间机器人系统的刚柔耦合动力学模型,基于指定的最小距离得到其运动学逆解,并根据系统动量矩守恒关系及系统的Jacobian矩阵,并根据机械臂末端的运动速度,然后采用阻尼最小二乘法得出关节角度,使柔性空间机器人能够有效完成协同控制和空间避障任务,并基于RecurDyn V7R5软件环境验证算法的正确性.最后,基于SolidWorks和ADAMS虚拟样机建立柔性空间机器人系统的立体CAD模型,并结合空间在轨搬运任务进行模拟仿真,柔性空间机器人关节操作和运动轨迹的仿真结果图验证了本文算法的有效性.     

蜻蜓起飞过程飞行特征实验

针对蜻蜓自由起飞过程和准自由起飞过程进行实验观测,采用两个光轴相互垂直的高速摄像机进行拍摄,通过特征点匹配和三维重构方法准确地捕捉了两种起飞过程中蜻蜓身体和翅膀的运动参数,并进行运动特征分析与对比。实验结果表明:蜻蜓在自由起飞过程中采用同步振翅,离地后逐步转换成异步振翅(约110°),最大瞬时竖直加速度可以达到20m/s2;在准自由起飞过程中采用异步振翅(相位差180°),之后相位差逐步降低,最大瞬时竖直加速度为12m/s2;此外发现同步振翅、大攻角下拍及大拍动角有利于升力的产生。