模块化可重构无人机机翼结构优化方法研究

模块化可重构无人机设计工况复杂、约束多样,需要根据不同设计思想的特点研究适用的优化方法才能得到最优方案。本文开展针对多模型的同步优化方法研究,给出不同构型机翼翼根弯矩约束方法,提出多构型机翼结构前后梁弯矩比例约束下的同步优化技术,并以某模块化可重构无人机机翼为对象进行应用验证。结果表明：与文献中模块化机翼优化结果相比,本文多构型机翼结构同步优化方法在解决整机翼更换的模块化可重构机翼结构优化问题时具有很高的适用性和收敛性,以及广阔的工程推广价值。     

表面处理对三维浅交弯联机织复合材料界面及弯曲性能的影响

以2400 tex无捻玻璃纤维粗纱为原料,在SGA598型三维织机上制备出一种三维浅交弯联机织复合材料预制体,使用硅烷偶联剂KH-570作为表面活性剂,采用涂抹、浸泡的方法对预制体进行表面处理以改善复合材料的界面性能。以环氧树脂E51和固化剂聚醚胺WHR-H023以质量比3∶1的比例组成树脂体系,并将经过表面处理的预制体与树脂基体以质量比1∶1的比例通过手糊的方式复合成型,制得三维浅交弯联机织复合材料。分别借助傅里叶红外光谱仪、原子力显微镜、万能材料试验机、扫描电镜等仪器来测试与验证KH-570对预制体及复合材料的处理效果。结果表明,经过KH-570处理后,预制体表面粗糙度增大、比表面积增加,从而使得纤维与树脂界面结合更加紧密;复合材料的弯曲性能随着KH-570的增加而增强;复合材料主要破坏形式为纤维断裂,纤维在树脂中抽拔现象较少。     

Modeling bending behavior of shape memory alloy wire-reinforced composites: Semi-analytical model and finite element analysis

In this study, we propose a novel and simple exact semi-analytical model for superelastic Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) wire reinforced composites subjected to bending loads. In order to study the mechanical response of the composite during loading/unloading, a Representative Volume Element (RVE) is extracted to examine the bending response of the composite. Analytical moment–curvature, and shear force-shear strain relations are derived based on a 3-Dimensional (3D) thermomechanical SMA model and Timoshenko beam theory. The composite Simpson’s rule is adopted to numerically solve the exact analytical moment–curvature and shear force-shear strain relationships. Results including the moment–curvature response, axial stress distribution along the vertical and longitudinal directions, martensite volume fraction, and the tip deflection are reported and validated against 3D finite element simulations. The influence of temperature, martensite volume fraction distribution, and matrix stiffness on the mechanical performance of the composite is also investigated. In particular, the composite is found to behave superelastically under certain conditions of temperature, SMA volume fraction, and elastic stiffness of the matrix. Such behavior is advantageous in applications requiring large recoverable strains or high energy dissipation density.     

变截面梁的弯矩和位移计算法

变截面梁的控制方程为变线数微分方程 ,一般只能用各种近似方法求解 ,而且比较复杂。对于梁式构件 ,本文不求解变系数方程 ,而是用力法 ,在力法方程中 ,主、副系数和自由项的莫尔积分使用积分表 ,可以方便而且精确地求出变截面梁的弯矩和位移     

ZrC/C复合材料性能及微观结构的研究

通过向石墨材料中掺杂氧化锆，制备ZrC／C复合材料。较系统地研究了Zr的加入量对材料性能的影响。结果表明：随着掺Zr量的增加，力学性能不断提高，在掺Zr量为10％时，材料的弯曲强度达最大值，而在掺Zr量为7．5％时，热导率达到最高；进一步研究表明，微观结构影响着材料的力学、热导率等宏观性质。     

空心涡轮叶片复杂陶芯弯扭变形分析方法比较

陶芯作为熔模铸造空心涡轮叶片的内腔转接件,其弯扭变形程度直接关系到空心涡轮叶片的壁厚尺寸精度。为了研究陶芯制造过程中出现的弯曲和扭曲变形,首先,借鉴叶片给出了陶芯弯曲变形和扭曲变形的定义,并根据陶芯结构特点研究了陶芯弯扭变形的计算方法,包括基于轮廓线的弯扭变形计算方法:主动轮廓模型法和样条拟合轮廓线法,与基于数据点的弯扭变形计算方法:凸包算法、二维配准算法和距离权值算法。然后,分别通过仿真与实测数据比较了5种算法,结果表明:样条拟合轮廓线法具有更高的稳定性和精度。     

三维浅交弯联机织复合材料弯曲性能的有限元分析

借助Pro/Engineer绘图软件,建立三维浅交弯联机织复合材料及弯曲压头的结构模型,进行弯曲性能研究。借助ANSYS Workbench有限元软件,探究复合材料在5 mm弯曲位移载荷作用下纤维、树脂和复合材料的应力、应变分布,并对复合材料的破坏模式进行预测。结果表明:三维浅交弯联机织复合材料在弯曲载荷的作用下,试样与上、下压头接触处最容易发生弯曲破坏;三维浅交弯联机织复合材料在承载弯曲载荷时,增强体纤维起到主要承载作用,树脂基体起次要承载作用;在5 mm的弯曲载荷作用下,复合材料的破坏模式主要是树脂的破碎。     

万工显光学接触器的测力对测量精度的影响及其消除

研究了万工显光学接触器在测量过程中其测力对测量精度的影响,建立了该项误差的数学模型,并通过实例对误差进行修正,消除了测力所引起的测量误差,提高了万工显的测量精度。     

Variability of the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere observed with GPS radio occultation bending angles and temperatures

Recently, Lewis (2009) introduced a new method for the identification of tropopause heights (TPHs) from GPS radio occultation (RO) bending angles (α)$(\alpha )$. The method uses a covariance transform to identify transitions in a ln(α)$\mathit{ln}(\alpha )$ profile. Lewis validates the results with lapse rate tropopause (LRT) heights from one year of FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC data and radiosondes. In this study we apply the new method to the RO data sets from CHAMP/GRACE (2001–2009) and FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC (2006–2009). These results are the basis for TPH trend estimations for the time period between May 2001 and August 2009 (100 months) based on zonal monthly mean GPS RO data from CHAMP (2001–2008), GRACE (since 2006) and FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC (since 2006). Further, we compare the α$\alpha$ based TPH trends with LRT height trends and discuss the differences, which are largest in the subtropical regions (20°–40°) on both the northern and southern hemisphere. A global increase of the TPH between 5 and 9 m/yr is found for both methods and different data sets (CHAMP/GRACE alone and CHAMP/GRACE plus FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC). The results for the TPH trends are linked with bending angle and temperature trends in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere region. Generally, an upper tropospheric warming (bending angle decrease) and a lower stratospheric cooling (bending angle increase) is noted.     

轴向受载的Timoshenko薄壁梁固有振动和稳定性的理论分析

通过直接求解轴向受载的单对称均匀Timoshenko薄壁梁单元弯扭耦合振动的运动微分方程，推导了其动态传递矩阵，讨论了轴向力对弯扭耦合Timoshenko薄壁梁的固有频率的影响，并得到了零频率振动（弹性屈曲）发生时相应的轴向载荷，娄值结果表明，本文的方法在其适用范围内是精确有效的。