Correction model of BDS satellite-induced code bias and its impact on precise point positioning

There are code biases on the pseudo-range observations of the Beidou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) that range in size from several decimeters to larger than one meter. These biases can be divided into two categories, which are the code biases in the pseudo-range observations of Inclined Geo-Synchronous Orbit (IGSO) satellites and Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) satellites and the code biases in the pseudo-range observations of Geosynchronous Earth Orbit (GEO) satellites. In view of the code bias of the IGSO/MEO satellites, the code bias correction model is established using the weighted least square curve fitting method. After the correction, the code biases of the IGSO and MEO satellites are clearly mitigated. A methodology of correcting GEO code bias is proposed based on the empirical mode decomposition (EMD)-wavelet transform (WT) coupled model. The accuracies of the GEO multipath combination of the B1, B2 and B3 frequencies are improved by 39.9%, 17.9%, and 29.4%, respectively. Based on the corrections above, the ten days observations of three Multi-GNSS Experiment (MGEX) stations are processed. The results indicate that the convergence time of the precise point positioning (PPP) can be improved remarkably by applying a code bias. The mean convergence time can be improved by 14.67% after the IGSO/MEO code bias correction. By applying the GEO code bias, the mean convergence time can be further improved by 17.42%.     

北斗星座仿真的单天线姿态确定技术研究

载体姿态测量的实际需要和多天线姿态测量的局限性决定了单天线姿态测量系统拥有广泛的发展前景。分析了单天线测姿的应用价值和基本原理,从我国的具体国情出发,提出了基于北斗卫星星座仿真的单天线姿态确定技术研究的方法。利用STK平台对目前组网运行的北斗卫星星座和理想的北斗满卫星星座进行了仿真,利用Matlab平台进行了实验,仿真实验结果和误差分析表明,北斗卫星星座仿真的单天线姿态确定技术在适用条件和测姿准确性等方面效果理想,在一定精度要求下满足应用需要,对建立实用可靠的单天线测姿具有积极的推动作用。     

北斗卫星导航系统测量误差指标体系

围绕北斗卫星导航系统中的伪距测量误差，全面分析系统的测量原理，提出系统误差指标体系的构建流程，构建基于误差层次分解方法的北斗卫星导航系统测量误差指标体系，指标体系由1个系统层指标、3个准则层指标、11个要素层指标和36个基础指标等51个指标组成。同时，结合实例，从卫星下行链路的绝对时延的测试需求，引出了绝对时延的测试问题，定义星载导航任务处理单元对外1PPS信号的输出口作为卫星的时间零点，给出需要测试的绝对时延的路径组成。根据目前系统的实际情况，通过每一部分的测试误差，求出整个绝对时延的测量误差精度。     

Multi-GNSS contributions to differential code biases determination and regional ionospheric modeling in China

Due to the limited number and uneven distribution globally of Beidou Satellite System (BDS) stations, the contributions of BDS to global ionosphere modeling is still not significant. In order to give a more realistic evaluation of the ability for BDS in ionosphere monitoring and multi-GNSS contributions to the performance of Differential Code Biases (DCBs) determination and ionosphere modeling, we select 22 stations from Crustal Movement Observation Network of China (CMONOC) to assess the result of regional ionospheric model and DCBs estimates over China where the visible satellites and monitoring stations for BDS are comparable to those of GPS/GLONASS. Note that all the 22 stations can track the dual- and triple-frequency GPS, GLONASS, and BDS observations. In this study, seven solutions, i.e., GPS-only (G), GLONASS-only (R), BDS-only (C), GPS + BDS (GC), GPS + GLONASS (GR), GLONASS + BDS (RC), GPS + GLONASS + BDS (GRC), are used to test the regional ionosphere modeling over the experimental area. Moreover, the performances of them using single-frequency precise point positioning (SF-PPP) method are presented. The experimental results indicate that BDS has the same ionospheric monitoring capability as GPS and GLONASS. Meanwhile, multi-GNSS observations can significantly improve the accuracy of the regional ionospheric models compared with that of GPS-only or GLONASS-only or BDS-only, especially over the edge of the tested region which the accuracy of the model is improved by reducing the RMS of the maximum differences from 5–15 to 2–3 TECu. For satellite DCBs estimates of different systems, the accuracy of them can be improved significantly after combining different system observations, which is improved by reducing the STD of GPS satellite DCB from 0.243 to 0.213, 0.172, and 0.165 ns after adding R, C, and RC observations respectively, with an increment of about 12.3%, 29.4%, and 32.2%. The STD of GLONASS satellite DCB improved from 0.353 to 0.304, 0.271, and 0.243 ns after adding G, C, and GC observations, respectively. The STD of BDS satellite DCB reduced from 0.265 to 0.237, 0.237 and 0.229 ns with the addition of G, R and GR systems respectively, and increased by 10.6%, 10.4%, and 13.6%. From the experimental positioning result, it can be seen that the regional ionospheric models with multi-GNSS observations are better than that with a single satellite system model.     

双星定位法与北斗1号卫星导航系统

简要介绍了基于双星定位法的北斗 1号卫星导航系统的原理。     

北斗双星定位系统改进及其算法的研究

北斗双星定位系统是我国自行建立起来的一种区域性定位系统(RDSS)．本文论述了双星导航定位系统存在的缺点,提出了利用我国现有的导航卫星资源即两颗工作卫星和第3颗卫星(备用卫星)与气压高度表组成一种区域性无源导航定位系统,并给出了定位算法表达式．仿真结果表明,该方法是可行的,可实现中等精度的导航定位,为发展我国的卫星导航定位系统提供了一种新思路．     

基于北斗卫星导航的搜救系统原理与构型

为使基于北斗卫星的导航搜救系统比现有全球卫星搜救系统（COSPAS-SARSAT）更具先进性、优越性、更适应我国国情,在全球卫星搜救系统基础上构建基于北斗卫星搜救系统的原理和构型,使其具备提供全天候、全天时、高精度、高可靠的定位、导航和授时服务,并充分利用短消息服务有效缩短救生搜索和定位时间,提高了搜救效率,同时加强卫星定位保密程度,为未来军事用途打下基础。     

北斗卫星共视增强罗兰-C授时应用

介绍用北斗卫星共视技术增强罗兰-C导航系统与国家授时中心协调世界时UTC(NTSC)的时间同步和授时服务能力这对罗兰-C与北斗卫星两大自主导航系统相互增强进行组合定位、导航、授时(PNT)应用和对系统保障及国家安全十分有益。     

Time synchronization of new-generation BDS satellites using inter-satellite link measurements

Autonomous satellite navigation is based on the ability of a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), such as Beidou, to estimate orbits and clock parameters onboard satellites using Inter-Satellite Link (ISL) measurements instead of tracking data from a ground monitoring network. This paper focuses on the time synchronization of new-generation Beidou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) satellites equipped with an ISL payload. Two modes of Ka-band ISL measurements, Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) mode and the continuous link mode, were used onboard these BDS satellites. Using a mathematical formulation for each measurement mode along with a derivation of the satellite clock offsets, geometric ranges from the dual one-way measurements were introduced. Then, pseudoranges and clock offsets were evaluated for the new-generation BDS satellites. The evaluation shows that the ranging accuracies of TDMA ISL and the continuous link are approximately 4?cm and 1?cm (root mean square, RMS), respectively. Both lead to ISL clock offset residuals of less than 0.3?ns (RMS). For further validation, time synchronization between these satellites to a ground control station keeping the systematic time in BDT was conducted using L-band Two-way Satellite Time Frequency Transfer (TWSTFT). System errors in the ISL measurements were calibrated by comparing the derived clock offsets with the TWSTFT. The standard deviations of the estimated ISL system errors are less than 0.3?ns, and the calibrated ISL clock parameters are consistent with that of the L-band TWSTFT. For the regional BDS network, the addition of ISL measurements for medium orbit (MEO) BDS satellites increased the clock tracking coverage by more than 40% for each orbital revolution. As a result, the clock predicting error for the satellite M1S was improved from 3.59 to 0.86?ns (RMS), and the predicting error of the satellite M2S was improved from 1.94 to 0.57?ns (RMS), which is a significant improvement by a factor of 3–4.     

Galileo/北斗组合系统GDOP改善方法研究

从理论上来说,导航卫星数量越多,可提供的几何精度下降因子(GDOP)就越小。但是在进行Galileo/北斗组合系统仿真时,却发现其GDOP反而变差。文中对此进行了理论分析,指出出现该现象的原因在于两个卫星导航系统存在时间差,并且其中一个系统的可见星数过少。为解决该问题,文中提出播发系统间时差的方法,可使组合系统的GDOP相对单系统得到一定的改善。仿真结果表明,该方法可以改善GDOP。