机场目视助航灯具光强测量方法

提出了一种基于面阵CCD的目视助航灯具出射光强的测量方法,系统采用反射屏作为转换装置,给出了CCD表面照度与反射屏亮度及灯具出射光强之间的换算方法。该系统具有灯具安装方便,显示直观的特点。     

Extension of analytical indicial aerodynamics to generic trapezoidal wings in subsonic flow

Analytical indicial aerodynamic functions are calculated for several trapezoidal wings in subsonic flow, with a Mach number 0.3 Ma 0.7. The formulation herein proposed extends wellknown aerodynamic theories, which are limited to thin aerofoils in incompressible flow, to generic trapezoidal wing planforms. Firstly, a thorough study is executed to assess the accuracy and limitation of analytical predictions, using unsteady results from two state-of-the-art computational fluid dynamics solvers as cross-validated benchmarks. Indicial functions are calculated for a step change in the angle of attack and for a sharp-edge gust, each for four wing configurations and three Mach numbers. Then, analytical and computational indicial responses are used to predict dynamic derivatives and the maximum lift coefficient following an encounter with a one-minus-cosine gust. It is found that the analytical results are in excellent agreement with the computational results for all test cases. In particular, the deviation of the analytical results from the computational results is within the scatter or uncertainty in the data arising from using two computational fluid dynamics solvers. This indicates the usefulness of the developed analytical theories.     

驾驶员模糊控制模型与仿真分析

根据飞机驾驶员的控制行为，建立了驾驶员的基本模糊控制模型，然后利用李雅普洛夫综合法设计了两种自适应算法，来调整基本模糊控制模型的某些参数，建立了两类自适应模糊控制模型。对风切变大气环境下飞机进场下滑过程进行了仿真计算，结果表明，所建立的模型是合理的，能在一定程度上反映驾驶员的操纵情况。     

Benefits and challenges of voluntary contribution to GEOSS

The vision of the Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS) is the achievement of societal benefits through voluntary contribution and sharing of data, metadata and products at no or minimum cost. Such undertakings, where contribution provides positive externalities, benefiting contributors and non-contributors alike, are often described as ‘social dilemmas’, usually resulting in small levels of voluntary contribution. We investigate the benefits and challenges of voluntary contribution to GEOSS, surveying economic and game theoretic literature and examining how the concepts of social dilemmas apply to the provision of GEOSS. We conduct an exploratory survey among individuals involved in the Group on Earth Observation (GEO) to understand their perception of voluntarily contribution. Even though contribution to GEOSS was perceived as rather low, e.g. because of a perceived lack of funds, commitment or organization, survey respondents also perceived many (exclusive) benefits of contribution, e.g. networking, visibility for their work or collaborating with motivated individuals. To increase participation, respondents suggested increasing financial support and raising awareness of GEOSS. We conclude that communicating the efficacy of individuals' contributions, the personal benefits of contribution and strengthening of group identity and knowledge about fellow participants' work can constitute incentives for future voluntary contribution. This could be facilitated by an externally established institution providing a framework for cooperation, or by institutions, agreements or frameworks agreed upon by contributors themselves.     

空域管理中一些问题的探讨

就我国在空域管理中一些问题进行探讨，诸如机场塔台管制服务和进近管制服务责任区的划分，及对有关术语的解释进行了分析，对如何在我国做好这些方面的工作提出了建议。     

香港制造业的质量使命及方向探讨(英文)

讨论了香港制造业对质量的最新看法，并且探讨了他们对改善质量的途径及技巧。通过问卷调查，结果显示现在一般对质量的定义乃重于满足顾客要求，改善运作制程及加强内部员工在提高质量方面的参与性。结果显示个人工作经验及制造行业的不同对质量的看法亦有一定影响。在控制运作制程方面，调查发现，统计制程管制（ＳＰＣ）及品管圈（ＱＣＣ）是常用的两种技巧；而全面优质管理（ＴＱＭ）及ＩＳＯ质量系统通常被用于大型电子公司。相反，零缺点（Ｚｅｒｏｄｅｆｅｃｔ）的概念就不常用。同时，标准借鉴（Ｂｅｎｃｈｍａｒｋｉｎｇ）渐渐成为被广泛采用的方法。     

伽玛分布环境因子估计

研究了二参数伽玛分布环境因子的估计。根据伽玛分布的特点,指数分布环境因子的定义,并考虑数据折算的方便,给出了伽玛分布环境因子的定义。根据此定义,用经典方法、贝叶斯方法和Fiducial 方法推证了环境因子的上、下限,并给出了一些近似式。     

无网格SPH法中守恒光滑法的修正

守恒光滑法CSA(Conservative Smoothing Approach)是解决传统SPH(Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics)法稳定性问题的一种很有效的方法.研究发现在SPH法中运用所谓的守恒光滑法并不能保证系统的总物理量(质量、动量或者能量)在每个时间步均守恒,而是随着时间在理论值附近波动,对计算结果的精度有一定的影响.对此提出了守恒光滑法的修正公式,对SPH控制方程得到的各个粒子的物理量进行CSA光滑,然后运用文中提出的CSA的修正公式把对该粒子物理量的改变量加权平均给邻域内各个粒子,从而确保了SPH算法中系统的总物理量(质量、动量以及能量等)在每个时间步均守恒,而且由于减少了CSA对SPH得到的各个粒子物理量的过分光滑,从而提高了计算精度.物理意义、理论推导以及文中的算例均证明了这种修正的有效性.     

一种无角速度信息的挠性航天器姿态控制方法

研究了一种无角速度信息挠性航天器的姿态稳定控制方法。针对挠性航天器陀螺故障或无陀螺配置中无角速度测量信息情形下的姿态控制问题,基于姿态四元数设计了姿态定点调节的无速率控制器,利用Lyapunov方法和LaSalle不变原理证明了闭环系统的全局渐近稳定性,并对控制方案进行了改进。仿真验证了控制律的有效性。     

Amateur observations of solar eclipses and derivation of scientific data

This work presents the educational approach of using total solar eclipse occurrences as a scientific process learning aid. The work reviews the basic scientific aims and experiments included in the observational programs “Total solar eclipse 1999 and 2006” (Stoev, A., Kiskinova, N., Muglova, P. et al. Complex observational programme of the Yuri Gagarin Public Astronomical Observatory and STIL, BAS, Stara Zagora Department for the August 11, 1999 total solar eclipse, in: Total Solar Eclipse 1999 – Observational Programmes and Coordination, Proceedings, Recol, Haskovo, pp. 133–137, 1999a (in Bulgarian); Stoeva, P.V., Stoev, A.D., Kostadinov, I.N. et al. Solar Corona and Atmospheric Effects during the March 29, 2006 Total Solar Eclipse, in: 11th International Science Conference SOLAR–Terrestrial Influences, Sofia, November 24–25, pp. 69–72, 2005).