基于小波域维纳滤波的激光陀螺数据处理研究

针对激光陀螺随机漂移数据的非平稳特性,设计了小波滤波器,使经小波滤波后的数据近似成为平稳序列,并进行了相应的平稳性检验.在小波变换的基础上,结合维纳滤波器处理平稳信号能力强的特点,提出了一种小波域维纳滤波法.仿真试验表明,此方法更显有效性.     

Rapid local ionosphere modeling based on Precise Point Positioning over Iran: A case study under 2014 solar maximum

Presently, the ionosphere effect is the main source of the error in the Global Positioning System (GPS) observations. This effect can largely be removed by using the two-frequency measurements, while to obtain the reasonable results in the single-frequency applications, an accurate ionosphere model is required. Since the global ionosphere models do not meet our needs everywhere, the local ionosphere models are developed. In this paper, a rapid local ionosphere model over Iran is presented. For this purpose, the GPS observations obtained from 40 GPS stations of the Iranian Permanent GPS Network (IPGN) and 16 other GPS stations around Iran have been used. The observations have been selected under 2014 solar maximum, from the days 058, 107, 188 and 271 of the year 2014 with different geomagnetic activities. Moreover, ionospheric observables based on the precise point positioning (PPP) have been applied to model the ionosphere. To represent our ionosphere model, the B-spline basis functions have been employed and the variance component estimation (VCE) method has been used to regularize the problem.To show the efficiency our PPP-derived local ionosphere model with respect to the International GNSS Service (IGS) global models, these models are applied on the single point positioning using single-frequency observations and their results are compared with the precise coordinates obtained from the double-differenced solution using dual-frequency observations. The results show that the 95th percentile of horizontal and vertical positioning errors of the single-frequency point positioning are about 3.1 and 13.6?m, respectively, when any ionosphere model are not applied. These values significantly improve when the ionosphere models are applied in the solutions. Applying CODE’s Rapid Global ionosphere map (CORG), improvements of 59% and 81% in horizontal and vertical components are observed. These values for the IGS Global ionosphere map (IGSG) are 70% and 82%, respectively. The best results are obtained from our local ionosphere model, where 84% and 87% improvements in horizontal and vertical components are observed. These results confirm the efficiency of our local ionosphere model over Iran with respect to the global models. As a by-product, the Differential Code Biases (DCBs) of the receivers are also estimated. In this line, we found that the intra-day variations of the receiver DCBs could be significant. Therefore, these variations must be taken into account for the precise ionosphere modeling.     

SAR图像舰船目标边缘检测

提出了一种在正则化基础上,利用小波变化实现合成孔径雷达(SAR)图像舰船目标边缘检测的新方法。传统的利用小波变换实现图像边缘检测时,阈值需要人为设定。针对这一问题,文章引入正则化超分辨技术,从贝叶斯框架下的估计问题出发,采用非二次正则化,平滑图像,保护强散射点目标,实现对 SAR图像进行去噪。利用小波变换的局部化特性和多尺度分析能力,检测突变信号,实现对舰船目标的边缘检测。该方法去噪效果好,边缘 定位准确,仿真结果表明了算法的有效性。     

固体发动机点火冲击段信号小波变换分析

基于传统信号处理方法对非平稳信号的局限性，利用小波方法具有精确分频的特点，进行了固体火箭发动机点火冲击段这一典型的非平稳信号的动态特性信号的提取，仿真及针对实际信号的处理均表明本方法具有很好的去除噪声能力。     

基于小波的网络连接层流量模型

最近研究表明网络流量的统计特性在不同尺度上表现出很大的差异,由大量具有高斯性的网络流量和少量的突发性网络流量组成.为了更好地理解这种复杂的网络流量统计特性,引入多尺度分析工具小波,在多尺度分析的基础上提出一种新的基于小波的网络连接层流量模型,有机地结合了独立小波模型和多重分形小波模型的优点,即保持了独立小波模型在不同尺度对高斯性方差的拟合,同时保持了多重分形小波模型对突发性的拟合.真实网络流量的仿真结果表明这个模型能够灵活地适应网络流量在不同尺度下所表现出的高斯特性和突发行为.     

卫星干涉高光谱遥感图像序列差值压缩编码

根据干涉高光谱图像的成像特点和卫星遥感图像压缩编码系统要求，提出了一种新的卫星干涉高光谱图像序列压缩算法．新算法利用干涉成像光谱仪推扫成像特点提出了一种低存储量，帧间小波域匹配的图像序列压缩方案，提高图像质量3—4dB．算法首先通过小波域匹配算法检测出相邻图像之间的推扫位移量并移位求得两帧的最佳差值图像，然后对差值图像进行静止图像EBCOT压缩编码，从而提高总体编码效率．该算法具有与单帧图像编码算法相当的复杂度，只需要对当前图像与模板的差值图像进行基于小波变换的编码，避免了目前基于三维小波变换的编码算法对系统大存储量要求以及编码延时大的缺陷．仿真结果表明，本算法针对干涉高光谱图像编码，可获得比基于三维小波变换的算法相当甚至更好的效果，并且大大降低了编码延时．     

Non-parametric regional VTEC modeling with Multivariate Adaptive Regression B-Splines

In this work Multivariate Adaptive Regression B-Splines (BMARS) is applied to regional spatio-temporal mapping of the Vertical Total Electron Content (VTEC) using ground based Global Positioning System (GPS) observations. BMARS is a non-parametric regression technique that utilizes compactly supported tensor product B-splines as basis functions, which are automatically obtained from the observations. The algorithm uses a scale-by-scale model building strategy that searches for B-splines at each scale fitting adequately to the data and provides smoother approximations than the original Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (MARS). It is capable to process high dimensional problems with large amounts of data and can easily be parallelized. The real test data is collected from 32 ground based GPS stations located in North America. The results are compared numerically and visually with both the regional VTEC modeling generated via original MARS using piecewise-linear basis functions and another regional VTEC modeling based on B-splines.     

三种时频分析在复合材料无损检测中的应用

随着复合材料的广泛应用和现代信号处理技术的发展,时频分析方法已广泛应用于各类复合材料的损伤检测。将短时傅立叶变换、小波变换和黄氏变换三种时频分析技术经过Matlab编程,结合Lamb波应用于玻璃纤维增强的复合材料层合板的无损检测,并对三种时频结果进行比较与分析。结果表明：上述三种时频分析方法都能进行复合材料的损伤判定,但黄氏变换方法的分析精度更高。     

REMOTE SENSING IMAGE CODING METHOD COMBINING WAVELET TRANSFORM WITH CLASSIFIED VECTOR QUANTIZATION

A new remote sensing image coding scheme based on the wavelet transform and classified vector quantization (CVQ) is proposed. The original image is first decomposed into a hierarchy of 3 layers including 10 subimages by DWT. The lowest frequency subimage is compressed by scalar quantization and ADPCM. The high frequency subimages are compressed by CVQ to utilize the similarity among different resolutions while improving the edge quality and reducing computational complexity. The experimental results show that the proposed scheme has a better performance than JPEG, and a PSNR of reconstructed image is 31～33 dB with a rate of 0.2 bpp.     

卷簧式柔性取样器的取样头-岩石接触原位辨识(英文)

取样头和岩石接触问题与月壤取样的成功与否直接相关,基于小型卷簧式月壤取样器的柔性取样臂结构,提出了振动取样法:在取样过程中采集振动信号进行数字信号处理与分析,达到对取样头-岩石接触的辨识。首先对振动信号进行采集、消除趋势项,然后利用小波多分辨分析去噪,采用现代功率谱中基于AR模型的Burg法对振动信号进行特征提取,最后采用二分类支持向量机对取样头是否接触到岩石进行识别。实验结果证明,卷簧式取样器的振动信号分析能够对取样头-岩石接触问题进行较好的辨识。