飞行学员英语自主学习情况调查及建议

通过定性和定量相结合的方法对飞行学员的英语自主学习情况进行了试验性研究。结果表明,飞行学员具有很强的自主学习意识,对英语学习态度积极,但学员自我管理能力较差,在学习中不善于制定计划,对学习环境和教师有很大的依赖,他们重视语言学习的过程而对语言学习的结果表示无所谓。此次调查为英语教师开展教学活动提供了建设性建议,教师应该督促学生制定计划,为学生创造英语学习环境,同时加大课堂语言输入量及输入的质量,对学生学习实施阶段性评价和终结性评价体系。     

Relative position and attitude estimation of spacecrafts based on dual quaternion for rendezvous and docking

The capacity to acquire the relative position and attitude information between the chaser and the target satellites in real time is one of the necessary prerequisites for the successful implementation of autonomous rendezvous and docking. This paper addresses a vision based relative position and attitude estimation algorithm for the final phase of spacecraft rendezvous and docking. By assuming that the images of feature points on the target satellite lie within the convex regions, the estimation of the relative position and attitude is converted into solving a convex optimization problem in which the dual quaternion method is employed to represent the rotational and translational transformation between the chaser body frame and the target body frame. Due to the point-to-region correspondence instead of the point-to-point correspondence is used, the proposed estimation algorithm shows good performance in robustness which is verified through computer simulations.     

权力制约：经典范式、内在逻辑与语境化

实质意义上的权力制约肇始于权力分化之后，历经以道德制约权力、以权力制约权力、以社会制约权力等经典范式，体现了权力制约活动从关注权力执掌者、权力本体到关注权力归属者不断演变的内在逻辑。植根于我国国情的权力制约实践在伦理学、社会学途径方面与西方存有共性，但于政治学途径却存有个性。实现我国权力制约的语境化既需要体现权力制约的普遍性规律，更需要把握马克思主义政治观视域下权力制约的特殊性。     

人工智能在OODA 循环中的应用

当前人工智能(AI) 是商业和工业，甚至军事应用领域中最热门的流行语。军事国防领域也已经将人 工智能发展成为了一种技术，并应用到军事作战和决策系统中。最初OODA 循环是最知名的空战战术模型， 后来发展成为各国空军的作战方法。OODA 循环对于任务的定义和决策过程的理解起到了重要的作用。本文主 要研究了人工智能在OODA 循环决策中的应用。讨论了未来OODA 循环各阶段中所需的AI 作用和技术，包 括可解释的人工智能和基于学习的人工智能。     

The influence of orbital maneuver on autonomous orbit determination of an extended satellite navigation constellation

The right ascension of the ascending node is unobservable if only the inter-satellite ranging is used for autonomous orbit determination (AOD) of an Earth navigation constellation. However, if an Earth-Moon libration point satellite is added to the Earth navigation constellation to construct an extended navigation constellation, all the orbital elements can be determined with only the inter-satellite ranging. Furthermore, the extended navigation constellation can provide navigation information for interplanetary probes. For such an extended navigation constellation, orbital control needs to be considered due to the instability of the libration-point satellite orbit. This study concerns the influence of satellite orbital maneuver on the AOD of the extended navigation constellation. An AOD method under orbital maneuver is proposed. A low thrust controller is designed to achieve libration point satellite autonomous orbit maintenance by using AOD results. A navigation constellation consisting of three GPS satellites and one libration point satellite are designed for simulation. The simulation results show that libration point satellites can achieve autonomous navigation and autonomous orbit maintenance by only using inter-satellite ranging information. The rotation drift error of the Earth navigation constellation is also suppressed.     

Decentralized formation pose estimation for spacecraft swarms

For spacecraft swarms, the multi-agent localization algorithm must scale well with the number of spacecraft and adapt to time-varying communication and relative sensing networks. In this paper, we present a decentralized, scalable algorithm for swarm localization, called the Decentralized Pose Estimation (DPE) algorithm. The DPE considers both communication and relative sensing graphs and defines an observable local formation. Each spacecraft jointly localizes its local subset of spacecraft using direct and communicated measurements. Since the algorithm is local, the algorithm complexity does not grow with the number of spacecraft in the swarm. As part of the DPE, we present the Swarm Reference Frame Estimation (SRFE) algorithm, a distributed consensus algorithm to co-estimate a common Local-Vertical, Local-Horizontal (LVLH) frame. The DPE combined with the SRFE provides a scalable, fully-decentralized navigation solution that can be used for swarm control and motion planning. Numerical simulations and experiments using Caltech’s robotic spacecraft simulators are presented to validate the effectiveness and scalability of the DPE algorithm.     

中国电视节目生产的本土化策略

研究中国电视节目生产中实施"本土化"策略的方式和意义。从电视媒体的生存环境入手,结合跨国媒体集团以及国内几家电视台本土化策略成功运用的案例,进行系统综合分析。使人们对电视节目的"本土化"有一个比较客观、理性的认识。那些能体现本土特色的电视节目才真正具有市场竞争力,才能吸引观众的眼球。     

行星车视觉导航与自主控制进展与展望

以视觉为主的行星车自主地形感知、导航、规划与控制系统是其安全高效探测的重要保障。本文通过对已成功开展和计划中的系列行星车任务导航与控制系统进行汇总，重点梳理了行星车多源地形感知、自主全局和局部导航、自主路径规划与控制等若干关键问题的进展情况，展望了未来自主化、智能化的发展趋势，并结合任务需求构建了行星车视觉导航与自主控制研究框架设想。     

基于能量沉淀分布的Polar自主定位方法

本文通过对polar自主定位方法的研究,发展了基于gamma射线源在polar塑料闪烁体能量沉淀分布的定位方法,开展了polar自主定位方法的模拟试验验证,分析了polar自主定位可能的影响因素,提出了polar自主定位对电子学系统的设计要求和建议。该研究课题在没有专门定向仪器的情况下,仅采用polar基于Geant4模拟粗略分辨出gamma射线源从哪一个方向入射,分析其显著性。课题成果将应用于polar偏振探测器对gamma射线源的定位,同时可为评估polar电子学系统提供测试依据。     

基于局部单应性矩阵的图像拼接与定位算法研究

针对单个摄像机的视野范围有限导致在大场景下监控效果不够理想的问题,提出了一种改进的图像拼接与目标定位算法。该算法以多个摄像机获取的具有共视区域的监控图像为基础,通过对图像进行网格划分后分别计算多个局部单应性矩阵完成初步对准,然后对网格顶点进行微调优化完成最后配准。最后对图像进行融合形成无缝、自然的大视角图像,并利用场景信息在获取的全景图像上对目标进行快速定位,以满足监控人员对场景中目标的全景捕捉分析功能。实验结果表明,该算法能显著提高大场景下图像拼接结果的质量并实现目标的快速定位。