Full-scale crash test and FEM simulation of a crashworthy helicopter seat

Crashworthy seat structure with considerable energy absorption capacity is a key component for aircraft to improve its crashworthiness and occupant survivability in emergencies.According to Federal Aviation Administration(FAA) regulations,seat performance must be certified by dynamic crash test which is quite expensive and time-consuming.For this reason,numerical simulation is a more efficient and economical approach to provide the possibility to assess seat performances and predict occupant responses.A numerical simulation of the crashworthy seat structure was presented and the results were also compared with the full-scale crash test data.In the numerical simulation,a full-scale three-dimensional finite element model of the seat/occupant structure was developed using a nonlinear and explicit dynamic finite element code LS-DYNA3D.Emphasis of the numerical simulation was on predicting the dynamic response of seat/occupant system,including the occupant motion which may lead to injuries,the occupant acceleration-time histories,and the energy absorbing behavior of the energy absorbers.The agreement between the simulation and the physical test suggestes that the developed numerical simulation can be a feasible substitute for the dynamic crash test.      

Comparison of Antarctic riometer radio wave absorption and THEMIS mission energetic electron fluxes

Simultaneous observations of in situ plasma properties in the tail of the Earth’s magnetosphere and of ground based instruments, lying on the same geomagnetic field lines, have recently proved to yield significant new results. In most cases magnetosphere ionosphere interactions during the night-time northern hemisphere conditions are studied. Here, observations of energetic electrons in the tail of the Earth’s magnetosphere made by the THEMIS mission satellites are compared with auroral radio wave absorption determined by riometers in the Antarctic for sunlit conditions. Days for which satellites and riometers are connected by the same geomagnetic field line are selected using a geomagnetic field model. The six days analysed show clear associations between fluxes and absorptions in some cases. However, these do not necessarily correspond to conjugacy intervals. Hours of positive associations are 1.65 times those for negative associations, all hours and days considered (1.42–3.6 on five days and 0.58 on the other day). These computations are assumed appropriate since the footprints of the satellites used approximately follow corrected geomagnetic parallels for all six days studied. The use of a finer parameterization of geomagnetic models to determine conjugacy may be needed.     

单壁碳纳米管低能区光吸收性质

采用半经验方法,通过紧束缚理论建立一维近似模型,研究了单壁碳纳米管的态密度,解释了单壁碳纳米管光吸收谱低能阶段出现的3个吸收峰的形成原因。     

原子钟频率稳定度测试中的噪声处理

原子钟的测量噪声会被引入到频率稳定度评估过程,尤其是对中短期频率稳定度的影响更大。重叠Allan方差可以克服调频闪变噪声和调频随机游走噪声随时间变化出现的非平稳问题,但由于受到测量噪声的影响,评估结果仍会出现误差。为此,本文通过对原子钟的数学模型和噪声特性进行分析,提出了原子钟频率稳定度评估的加窗平滑噪声处理方法,通过对时差观测序列合理的加窗设计和平滑处理,抑制测量噪声对评估结果的影响。实验结果表明,利用铷钟观测序列的100点平滑可以有效地提高短期频率稳定度结果（100~1 000）s的可信度。     

BHM3碳纤维及其氰酸酯基复合材料耐原子氧侵蚀性能

利用原子氧暴露地面模拟实验装置,分别对BHM3型高模量碳纤维及其增强的氰酸酯基复合材料进行了原子氧暴露模拟实验,采用SEM、XRD、XPS技术分析了原子氧对碳纤维及其氰酸酯复合材料的侵蚀行为。结果表明,经过1×10 21 atoms/cm 2剂量的原子氧暴露后,碳纤维及其氰酸酯复合材料质量损失率均低于1%,纤维表面形貌及组成不变,碳纤维/氰酸酯复合材料的层间剪切强度降低16%。     

Compact frequency standard using atoms trapped on a chip

We present a compact atomic frequency standard based on the interrogation of magnetically trapped ⁸⁷Rb atoms. Two photons, in the microwave and radiofrequency domain excite the atomic transition. At a magnetic field of 3.23 G this transition from ∣F = 1, m_F = −1〉 to ∣F = 2, m_F = 1〉 is 1st order insensitive to magnetic field variations. Long Ramsey interrogation times can thus be achieved, leading to a projected stability in the low 10⁻¹³ at 1 s. This makes this device a viable alternative to LITE and HORACE as a good candidate for replacing or complementing the rubidium frequency standards and passive hydrogen masers already on board of the GPS, GLONASS, and GALILEO satellites. Here we present preliminary results. We use an atom chip to cool and trap the atoms. A coplanar waveguide is integrated to the chip to carry the Ramsey interrogation signal, making the physics package potentially as small as (5 cm)³. We describe the experimental apparatus and show preliminary Ramsey fringes of 1.25 Hz linewidth. We also show a preliminary frequency stability σ_y = 1.5 × 10⁻¹²τ^−1/2 for 10 < τ < 10³ s. This represents one order of magnitude improvement with respect to previous experiments.     

无损检测技术在姿控发动机总装中的应用探析

阐述了目视检测、射线照相检测、泄漏检测等三种无损检测技术在姿控发动机上的应用情况。重点介绍了泄漏检测技术,针对发动机的结构特点、不同系统的性能要求及总装接头连接处各种密封形式在装配测试中分别采用了浸泡法、皂泡法及氦质谱简易包封积累法等不同的泄漏检测技术。经过对几种泄漏检测方法的对比分析,得出了针对不同的系统性能要求。需要采用不同的泄漏检测方法来满足设计要求的结论。     

空间环境模拟器热沉热辐射当量吸收特性研究

文章采用蒙特卡罗法模拟射线的传输过程,分别对两种热沉形式的热辐射当量吸收系数进行了数值计算,研究了表面形式、几何高度及入射光线方向等参数对表面热辐射当量吸收系数的影响。计算表明,正六边形凹腔形式的吸收效果远好于正四棱锥形式,但这种结构形式的吸收有明显的方向性,正四棱锥形式对光线的吸收呈现各向同性。     

"海洋一号"卫星的检漏技术

文章介绍了"海洋一号"卫星检漏所采用的两种方法,特别指出采用加压真空检漏方法更能真实地测得卫星的实际漏率,并可提高工作效率.