Search for primordial antiparticles with BESS

The Balloon-borne Experiment with a Superconducting Spectrometer (BESS) has been carried out to search for primordial antiparticles in cosmic rays. In ten flights from 1993 to 2004, it measured the cosmic-ray antiproton spectrum in the energy range 0.1–4.2 GeV at various solar activity conditions. It also searched for antideuterons and antihelium nuclei, and it made precise measurement of cosmic-ray particle spectra. The BESS program has been extended to long duration balloon (LDB) flights in Antarctica (BESS-Polar) with the goal of achieving unprecedented sensitivity in the search for primordial antiparticles. This report describes recent results from BESS and progress of the BESS-Polar program.     

A Carbon Nano Tube electron impact ionisation source for low-power,compact spacecraft mass spectrometers

A novel ionisation source which uses commercially available Carbon Nano Tube devices is demonstrated as a replacement for a filament based ionisation source in an ion trap mass spectrometer. The carbon nanotube ion source electron emission was characterised and exhibited typical emission of 30 ± 1.7 μA with an applied voltage differential of 300 V between the carbon nanotube tips and the extraction grid. The ion source was tested for longevity and operated under a condition of continuous emission for a period of 44 h; there was an observed reduction in emission current of 26.5% during operation. Spectra were generated by installing the ion source into a Finnigan Mat ITD700 ion trap mass spectrometer; the spectra recorded showed all of the characteristic m/z peaks from m/z 69 to m/z 219. Perfluorotributylamine spectra were collected and averaged contiguously for a period of 48 h with no significant signal loss or peak mass allocation shift. The low power requirements and low mass of this novel ionisation source are considered be of great value to future space missions where mass spectrometric technology will be employed.     

Are Boltzmann plots of hydrogen Balmer lines a tool for identifying a subclass of S1 AGN?

It is becoming clear that we can define two different types of nearby AGN belonging to the Seyfert 1 class (S1), on the basis of the match of the intensities of their Broad Balmer Lines (BBL) with the Boltzmann Plots (BP). These two types of S1 galaxies, that we call BP-S1 and NoBP-S1, are characterized, in first approximation, by Broad Line Regions (BLR) with different structural and physical properties. In this communication, we show that these features can be well pointed out by a multi-wavelength analysis of the continuum and of the broad recombination Hydrogen lines, that we carry out on a sample of objects detected at optical and X-ray frequencies. The investigation is addressed to verify whether BP-S1 are the ideal candidates for the study of the kinematical and structural properties of the BLR, in order to derive reliable estimates of the mass of their central engine and to constrain the properties of their nuclear continuum spectrum.     

一种基于TDLAS的高分辨率二维温度场重建算法及数值仿真

发展了一种基于TDLAS正交光路的二维燃烧场温度重建算法,为了评价该重建方法,数值仿真了2N （N≥3）条视线（Light-of-sight,LOS）测量路径呈N×N均匀排布时对两种不同的温度场的二维重建结果,并定义了最大偏差和平均偏差两个物理量来描述N值对重建结果的影响。结果表明,对于对称的单峰非均匀温度场,重建的温度场最大偏差在50K（2．5％）以内,最大偏差随N的奇偶而波动,其总体趋势随N增大而减小;平均偏差随着N的增大而减小,N≥9时最大偏差和平均偏差的改善均已不明显;对于双峰温度场,用该方法二维重建的结果最大偏差超过350K（15．2％）,平均偏差大于0．03,并出现严重失真,此时可通过额外布置斜穿待测场的测量路径来改善测量结果。研究结果对实际的二维测量系统的搭建和应用有指导意义。     

Au/BaTiO3复合薄膜的PLD制备及其光学性质研究

用脉冲激光沉积(PLD)技术制备了掺杂金颗粒的钛酸钡复合薄膜Au/BaTiO3,用透射电镜和X射线光电子能谱对薄膜进行了表征,研究了其线性光吸收特性.结果表明,用复合靶和转靶的方法可以成功地制备金属纳米团簇复合薄膜,并且制备出的薄膜有良好的化学结构和物理特征.     

N2O-C2H2火焰原子吸收光谱法测定特规氢氧化钾中钙含量

提出用N2O-C2H2火焰原子吸收光谱法进行特规氢氧化钾中钙含量的测定，并对样品消化处理条件和干扰因素进行了综合考虑。实验表明：该方法具有很高的灵敏度、很好的重现性，同时具有步骤简单、操作容易掌握、干扰少等特点。测定样品含钙量时，其相对标准偏差均小于1．0％，标准加入回收率均为97．0％-100％（n=5），适用于特规氢氧化钾中钙含量的测试，此方法达到了实验室的仪器分析质量与质量控制要求。     

薄层复合材料的抗平头冲击特性研究

采用圆柱平头型冲头(直径为25mm)在一定的冲击速度范围内冲击薄层复合材料(厚度:1.50～2.50mm),利用加速度传感器分析复合材料冲击背面的应力动态变化情况,研究了影响复合材料抗平头冲击能力的因素和复合材料的冲击损伤过程。结果表明:影响复合材料抗平头冲击能力的主要因素是纤维织物本身特性、纤维含量和界面强度;冲击能量阀值决定复合材料冲击损伤模式和能量吸收过程;增加复合材料的刚性,提高复合材料的冲击变形范围可充分发挥吸能垫的作用。     

利用共振吸声器改善飞机壁板的隔声量

 本文根据共振吸声器的吸声原理,设计了适合于螺旋浆推进的飞机舱壁板之间安装的小体积、低频共振吸声器。对单个共振吸声器的吸声系数进行了测量,理论和实验结果的一致性是令人满意的。在飞机壁板间安装了共振频率为85Hz和160Hz的混合共振器阵,使包含该频率的1/3频程内的隔声量分别提高了4dB和6.5dB,共振频率处的隔声量分别提高了5dB和7dB。     

氰酸酯/环氧树脂的湿热老化机理

采用热失重、热机械分析、正电子淹没技术(PAL)对氰酸酯/环氧树脂体系湿热老化前后的性能进行了测试,对体系的吸水机理进行了研究。结果表明:该体系的吸水率为1.8%,湿热老化后对体系的热失重温度没有影响,体系的储存模量降低了95MPa,Tg降低了约7℃,损耗峰变宽并向低温方向移动。湿热老化后自由体积尺寸减小,自由体积浓度增大,体系中的水分起着增塑剂的作用,导致基体中形成更多的微裂纹。     

不连续观测数据对计算的原子钟稳定度影响研究

为评估原子钟稳定度,通常采用连续的、均匀的采样数据计算阿伦方差或哈达玛方差。在实际工程计算中,由于观测粗差剔除、测量仪器中断、卫星不可见等原因,经常导致原子钟的观测数据在时间上不连续,给原子钟稳定度评估带来影响。文中比较了不连续观测数据的几种常用处理方法,包括线性插值补齐、B样条插值补齐、不插值直接计算哈达玛方差等方法,分析了各处理方法对阿伦方差和哈达玛方差的计算影响,研究中断数据长度与稳定度评估的影响关系。采用的氢钟观测数据,对不连续观测数据的影响和处理效果进行统计和分析,将稳定度计算结果、计算精度损失比与理论分析进行对照和检验,得出了有益的结论。