俄反恐突袭的巡航导弹技术状态初步分析

2015年10月7日，俄罗斯采用远距离、高精度、大威力的“口径”对陆攻击巡航导弹远程空袭ISIS目标，该事件得到了高度关注。简要介绍了“口径”巡航导弹，并对俄巡航导弹技术状态进行了初步分析。     

Dynamics of a spacecraft and normalization around Lagrangian points in the Neptune–Triton system

The problem of a spacecraft orbiting the Neptune–Triton system is presented. The new ingredients in this restricted three body problem are the Neptune oblateness and the high inclined and retrograde motion of Triton. First we present some interesting simulations showing the role played by the oblateness on a Neptune’s satellite, disturbed by Triton. We also give an extensive numerical exploration in the case when the spacecraft orbits Triton, considering Sun, Neptune and its planetary oblateness as disturbers. In the plane a × I (a = semi-major axis, I = inclination), we give a plot of the stable regions where the massless body can survive for thousand of years. Retrograde and direct orbits were considered and as usual, the region of stability is much more significant for the case of direct orbit of the spacecraft (Triton’s orbit is retrograde). Next we explore the dynamics in a vicinity of the Lagrangian points. The Birkhoff normalization is constructed around L₂, followed by its reduction to the center manifold. In this reduced dynamics, a convenient Poincaré section shows the interplay of the Lyapunov and halo periodic orbits, Lissajous and quasi-halo tori as well as the stable and unstable manifolds of the planar Lyapunov orbit. To show the effect of the oblateness, the planar Lyapunov family emanating from the Lagrangian points and three-dimensional halo orbits are obtained by the numerical continuation method.     

A neutral gas mass spectrometer to measure the chemical composition of the stratosphere

The Polar Balloon Atmospheric Composition Experiment (P-BACE) is a new generation of neutral gas mass spectrometer based on the time-of-flight principle. P-BACE is the scientific experiment on the Mars Environment Analog Platform (MEAP) flown successfully on a balloon mission in summer 2008. The MEAP mission was flown with a 334,000 m³ helium balloon in the stratosphere on a semicircular trajectory from northern Sweden around the North Pole to Canada using the summer northern hemispheric wind current. The atmospheric conditions at an atmospheric altitude of 35–40 km are remarkably similar to those on the surface of Mars and thus the balloon mission was an ideal testbed for our mass spectrometer P-BACE. Originally this instrument was designed for in situ measurements of the chemical composition of the Martian atmosphere.P-BACE has a unique mass range from 0 to 1000 amu/q with a mass resolution m/Δm (FWHM) > 1000, and the dynamic range is at least six orders of magnitude. During this experiment, the acquisition of one mass spectrum is a sum of 65,535 single spectra, recorded in a time frame of 66 s.The balloon mission lasted 5 days and had successfully demonstrated the functionality of the P-BACE instrument during flight conditions. We had recorded more than 4500 mass spectra. With little modifications, P-BACE can be used on a planetary mission for Mars, but for example also for Venus or Mercury, if placed on a satellite.     

长征四号乙／丙运载火箭多星发射技术现状与展望

介绍了长征四号乙／丙（CZ-4B／4C）运载火箭的多星发射技术。给出了整流罩Ф900mm的一箭双星、一箭三星的发射统计与串联发射构型、正在研制的更大包络的双星发射构型,以及并联发射构型。介绍了CZ-4B／4C运载火箭后续多星发射和搭载发射的构型、连接解锁装置和分离程序。     

A sample collector for robotic sample return missions III: Impact survivability studies

Laboratory impact tests have been performed on experimental versions of a proposed robotic sample collector for extraterrestrial samples. The collector consists of a retractable aluminum ring containing an impregnable silicone compound that is pressed into the surface of the body to be sampled. As part of a comprehensive program to evaluate this idea, we have performed tests to determine if the samples embedded in the collector medium can survive the impact forces experienced during direct reentry, such as that of the recent Genesis sample return mission. For the present study, samples of sand, rock, glass, and chalk were subjected to decelerations of 1440–2880 g using drop tests. We found that even the most fragile samples, chosen to be representative of a wide range of the types of materials found on the surface of asteroids that have currently been studied, can withstand impacts of the intensity experienced by a sample return capsule during direct reentry.     

基于任务科目的直升机飞行品质评定试飞技术研究

主要对ADS-33E中飞行品质评定的要求进行分析,从任务科目、响应类型和可用感示环境3个维度进行飞行品质的等级评定研究,提出了直升机飞行品质综合评定的试飞技术研究思路,并对某型号直升机的试飞结果和有关问题进行了初步分析。     

Contingency target assessment,trajectory design,and analysis for NASA’s NEA scout solar sail mission

The presented study examines contingency target selection and trajectory design for NASA’s Near-Earth Asteroid Scout mission under the assumption of a missed lunar gravity assist. Two previously considered asteroids are selected as potential targets for the given scenario based on favorable orbital characteristics for launch dates ranging from June 27, 2020 through July 26, 2020. Initially, a simplified circular restricted 3-body problem + ideal solar sail model is utilized to survey trajectory options for a month-long launch window. Selected solutions from this data set are then converged in an N-body ephemeris + non-ideal sail model. Results suggest that NEA Scout can still perform asteroid rendezvous mission under the missed lunar gravity assist scenario with new targets, 2019 GF1, 2018 PK21, and 2007 UN12, based on the target launch dates. Further target assessment is carried out for 165 days beyond the current June 27, 2020 launch date.     

卫星通信地球站站址勘测的研究

介绍了卫星通信地球站站址勘测技术要求;讨论了方位角与俯仰角计算,微波干扰电平允许值计算,微波干扰测试以及发射协调距离的估算;从而得出建站最必要的技术结论。     

面向月球科研站任务的地月准实时遥操作模拟验证系统设计与关键技术研究

针对月球科研站任务地月遥操作需求和特点,设计地月准实时遥操作模拟验证系统,对其中的关键技术海量多尺度遥感数据环境感知、空地协同高精度定位、基于混合现实的预测仿真等进行了研究。提出了基于海量多尺度遥感数据的联合处理方法,环境感知数据融合可处理米级至厘米级环境感知结果;设计基于空地多运动平台协同定位的原型软件,空地协同地标约束下,定位精度不低于轨道器影像1个像素;开发了带有力觉反馈的预测仿真验证平台,在2~3 s变时延约束下可在仿真环境下协同演示遥操作过程,真实还原从端的遥操作作业场景,提高遥操作的执行效率和安全性。为地面人员的方案设计、操作手训练、故障处置等提供实时支持,为我国未来实施月球科研站任务筑牢基础。     

面向时序InSAR的卫星任务规划框架设计

随着国内自主雷达卫星和差分干涉合成孔径雷达技术(D-InSAR)及衍生的时序InSAR技术的发展,以时间序列上重复观测为主的长周期形变监测的应用与日俱增。对遥感卫星地面任务规划系统来说,规划和管理大量有时序关联的重复任务,从而最大限度地满足观测要求,是提升以形变监测为使命的雷达卫星运控效率的关键。在综合考虑雷达差分干涉任务序列性、一致性、周期性特征的基础上,设计了一种面向雷达卫星时序InSAR类型任务的规划框架,旨在规划序列任务时,考虑序列整体特性,进行序列任务组间的冲突检测。基于此方法,对现有的地面任务规划系统进行了优化升级,验证了框架的有效性。结果证明:该方法可快速、自动进行序列任务冲突消解,可为长周期序列任务的规划和管理提供设计参考。