高校委托工程审计的质量控制与评价指标体系构建

委托工程审计质量关系到高校工程审计职能的发挥和投资建设目标的实现.结合高校工程审计实践,探讨高校委托工程审计质量控制关键路径,并据此构建质量评价指标体系,以实现高校委托工程审计质量有效控制和科学评价.     

One-dimensional numerical investigation on multi-cylinder gasoline engine fueled by micro-emulsions,CNG, and hydrogen in dual fuel mode

This research work is the novel state-of-the-art technology performed on multi-cylinder SI engine fueled compressed natural gas, emulsified fuel, and hydrogen as dual fuel. This work predicts the overall features of performance, combustion, and exhaust emissions of individual fuels based on AVL Boost simulation technology. Three types of alternative fuels have been compared and analyzed. The results show that hydrogen produces 20% more brake power than CNG and 25% more power than micro-emulsion fuel at 1500 r/min, which further increases the brake power of hydrogen, CNG, and micro-emulsions in the range of 25%, 20%, and 15% at higher engine speeds of 2500–4000 r/min, respectively. In addition, the brake-specific fuel consumption is the lowest for 100% hydrogen, followed by CNG 100% and then micro-emulsions at 1500 r/min. At 2500–5000 r/min, there is a significant drop in brake-specific fuel consumption due to a lean mixture at higher engine speeds. The CO, HC, and NO_x emissions significantly improve for hydrogen, CNG, and micro-emulsion fuel. Hydrogen fuel shows zero CO and HC emissions and is the main objective of this research to produce 0% carbon-based emissions with a slight increase in NO_x emissions, and CNG shows 30% lower CO emissions than micro-emulsions and 21.5% less hydrocarbon emissions than micro-emulsion fuel at stoichiometric air/fuel ratio.     

航空发动机低压转子系统的“可容模态”设计及实验验证

建立了带弹性支承和阻尼器的航空发动机低压柔性转子动力学模型,进行了模态计算以及临界转速处的响应计算。在考虑临界转速约束与“临界跟随”现象约束的条件下,综合模态不平衡影响因子、弹支应变能占比以及套齿连接结构稳定性构造了可容度评价函数,建立了低压转子系统的“可容模态”优化设计方法。设计并搭建了低压转子实验系统,从模态测试实验、阻尼器减振实验以及长时间“共振”实验,验证了设计方法的可靠性。研究结果为计算的临界转速与实际测量的临界转速最大误差为3.86%,阻尼器在1阶与2阶临界转速处的减振比最大可达45.6%,实验转子系统在1阶与2阶临界转速处各完成了长达412.5 s和429.8 s的“共振”实验,共振过程中转子系统各通道振动单峰值稳定在100μm以内,且无次谐波产生。表明了所建立的航空发动机低压转子系统“可容模态”优化设计方法是可行的。     

SAR performance-based fault diagnosis for electro-hydraulic control system: A novel FDI framework for closed-loop system

Model-based fault diagnosis serves as an efficient and powerful technique in addressing fault detection and isolation (FDI) issues for control systems. However, the standard methods and their modifications still encounter some difficulties in algorithm design and application for complex higher-order systems. To avoid these difficulties, a novel fault diagnosis framework based on multiple performance indicators of closed-loop control system is proposed. Under this framework, a so-called performance residual vector is constructed to measure the differences between the real system and the nominal model in terms of system stability, accuracy, and rapidity (SAR) respectively. The criteria for quantification, normalization of the SAR residuals and the explicit mappings between the thresholds and the required performance are given. FDI can be easily achieved simultaneously by monitoring the normalized residual vector length and direction in the SAR performance residual space. A case study on electro-hydraulic servo control system of turbofan engine is adopted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

带连续爆震加力燃烧室的涡轮发动机循环及推进性能研究

为进一步提升现有涡轮喷气发动机推进性能,可以采用连续爆震加力燃烧室,针对此,本文首先建立考虑了三种耦合热力过程的连续爆震燃烧室热力过程分析模型,通过与传统涡轮发动机性能分析模型相耦合,分析了带连续爆震加力燃烧的涡轮发动机推进性能及加力燃烧室部件特性。结果表明,由于连续爆震燃烧室具有自增压特性,当将其替代传统加力燃烧室可以显著提升加力时涡轮发动机性能;但另一方面,作为加力燃烧室,由于涡轮后气流温度过高,导致连续爆震加力燃烧室增压比的降低,通过对发动机循环参数的选择可以得到改善;同时,连续爆震加力燃烧室部件特性还受到燃烧室进气损失、反应物填充速度及反应物提前燃烧比例影响。     

普通高校科学研究特点及发展方向

本文采用对比的方法提出并归纳了普通高校科学研究的一般特点,然后对普通高校科学研究定位和发展方向进行了探讨,并提出若干保证措施。     

小功率单轴燃气轮机及其功热并供装置变工况典型解析特性

采用动力机械变工况特性解析分析方法［１,２］,分析总结了使用离心式压气机的小功率单轴恒速燃气轮机稳态变工况的典型特性及一些定量规律。所得燃气轮机装置典型效率曲线及统计公式得到了实际数据的验证。计算了该种燃气轮机功热并供装置用饱和蒸汽供热时的典型情况及其他一些变工况性能,如大气温度的影响等     

着陆缓冲装置特性分析及控制方法研究

着陆缓冲技术在航天器回收系统中的应用日益广泛,文章对着陆缓冲过程所使用的两种发动机推力制度进行了比较;分析了着陆缓冲过程中影响系统最终性能的因素。认为影响最大的因素是初始条件和环境条件的改变,对此提出了一种较为实用的控制方法。应用这一方法,可以最大限度地消除初始条件和环境条件的改变对着陆缓冲装置性能的影响。     

可调几何腹部进气道设计研究与思考

通过对ＥＦ２０００、Ｆ－１６Ｅ两个型号不同风格可调几何腹部进气道设计的分析,着重总结了Ｆ－１６多用途战斗机保形ⅢＢ进气道的成功设计经验,发现其调板过程中喉道位置的较大前移,加大了末激波的向前动程,是大马赫数下进气道工作不稳定性增大的主因。     

国外先进无损检测技术的发展及应用

介绍了国外先进的无损检测技术的发展和应用现状,概述了定量无损检测技术（ＱＮＤＥ）在生产阶段、使用阶段和使用寿命评估中的作用。并介绍了应用ＮＤＥ技术的材料的智能处理技术和人工智能技术。