人机对奕与启发式搜索

本文叙述了在IBM-PC/XT个人计算机上,使用LISP语言研制的人机对奕一字棋程序中,如何成功地运用了启发式搜索法来设计该智能程序。並说明了该程序的设计思想,流程图及其运行情况。     

The knowledge of knots: an interdisciplinary literature review

ABSTRACT

Knots can be found and used in a variety of situations in the 3D world, such as in vines, in the DNA, polymer chains, electrical wires, in mountaineering, seamanship and when ropes or other flexible objects are involved for exerting forces and holding objects in place. Research on knots as topological entities has contributed with a number of findings, not only of interest to pure mathematics, but also to statistical mechanics, quantum physics, genetics, and chemistry. Yet, the cognitive (or algorithmic) aspects involved in the act of tying a knot are a largely uncharted territory. This paper presents a review of the literature related to the investigation of knots from the topological, physical, cognitive and computational (including robotics) standpoints, aiming at bridging the gap between pure mathematical work on knot theory and macroscopic physical knots, with an eye to applications and modeling.     

透视空天红外遥感探测技术:演进规律与发展趋势

空天红外遥感探测技术对国民经济发展和战略国防能力建设具有重要意义,是推动我国红外科技进步的关键引擎,更是实现航天科技强国战略的重要基石。本文重点展现了气象卫星观测技术、地物目标精细成像技术、红外焦平面探测器技术以及新时代背景下的遥感应用等多个与红外科技紧密相连的关键领域的研究进展。通过系统梳理相关技术的发展脉络,总结演进规律,并深入剖析最新研究成果,旨在精准洞察未来空天红外科技的潜在发展方向,为我国红外科技的不断创新和航天事业的蓬勃发展提供坚实的支撑。     

基于网络信息体系的全域联合指挥与控制技术及未来展望

面向现代战争需求,全域联合作战通过打破传统作战区域限制,能够实现不同军种和作战领域的信息共享、军事力量整合和协同作战,从而提升作战效率、增强指挥灵活性、优化资源配置。全域联合有诸多优势,使基于网络信息体系的全域联合指挥与控制技术成为研究重点。本文系统分析了全域联合指挥与控制的发展历程、技术应用、架构设计和关键技术,同时结合国外的研究现状探讨发展方向,旨在为全域联合指挥与控制技术的发展提供参考。     

An experimental method to obtain the hard alpha anomaly distribution for titanium alloy aeroengine disks

A probability-based damage tolerance methodology has been proposed to improve the recognition of material anomalies, especially hard alpha (TiN) anomalies for aeroengine rotor disks. A key input to this method is hard alpha anomaly distribution, which reflects the occurrence rate and size of anomalies present in the finished part material of titanium rotors. Since anomalies rarely occur naturally, an experimental method is proposed to obtain the anomaly distribution for titanium alloy aeroengine disks to reflect and equivalently replace the manufacturing development in titanium industry. In general, the anomaly distribution information can be divided into two parts: the Probability of Detection (POD) curve and the detected anomaly distribution, which contains the size and frequency data of the detected anomalies. The distribution can be established based on several appropriate assumptions and derivation steps with different confidence levels of POD curves and detected anomaly distributions. In this case, the distribution can be obtained in a relatively short time as a key input to the probability-based damage tolerance methodology. Then the Probability of Failure (POF) can be calculated, and the value is found to vary with different confidence levels. On this basis, the conservative estimated POF can be obtained in conjunction with confidence levels.     

Imaginary filtered hindsight experience replay for UAV tracking dynamic targets in large-scale unknown environments

As an advanced combat weapon, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have been widely used in military wars. In this paper, we formulated the Autonomous Navigation Control (ANC) problem of UAVs as a Markov Decision Process (MDP) and proposed a novel Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) method to allow UAVs to perform dynamic target tracking tasks in large-scale unknown environments. To solve the problem of limited training experience, the proposed Imaginary Filtered Hindsight Experience Replay (IFHER) generates successful episodes by reasonably imagining the target trajectory in the failed episode to augment the experiences. The well-designed goal, episode, and quality filtering strategies ensure that only high-quality augmented experiences can be stored, while the sampling filtering strategy of IFHER ensures that these stored augmented experiences can be fully learned according to their high priorities. By training in a complex environment constructed based on the parameters of a real UAV, the proposed IFHER algorithm improves the convergence speed by 28.99% and the convergence result by 11.57% compared to the state-of-the-art Twin Delayed Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (TD3) algorithm. The testing experiments carried out in environments with different complexities demonstrate the strong robustness and generalization ability of the IFHER agent. Moreover, the flight trajectory of the IFHER agent shows the superiority of the learned policy and the practical application value of the algorithm.     

Review on ultra-lightweight flapping-wing nano air vehicles:Artificial muscles,flight control mechanism,and biomimetic wings

Flying insects are capable of flapping their wings to provide the required power and control forces for flight. A coordinated organizational system including muscles, wings, and control architecture plays a significant role, which provides the sources of inspiration for designing flapping-wing vehicles. In recent years, due to the development of micro-and meso-scale manufacturing technologies, advances in components technologies have directly led to a progress of smaller Flapping-Wing Nano Air V...     

A new accelerating technique for low speed flow: pseudo high speed method

This paper proposes a new accelerating technique for simulating low speed flows, termed as pSeudo High Speed method (SHS), which uses governing equations and numerical methods of compressible flows. SHS method has advantages of simple formula, easy manipulation, and only need to modify flux of Euler equations. It can directly employ the existing well-developed schemes of hyperbolic conservation laws. To verify the technique, several numerical experiments are performed, such as: flow past airfoils and flow past a cylinder. Analysis of SHS method and comparisons with some precondition methods are made numerically. All tests show that SHS method can greatly improve the efficiency of compressible method simulating low speed flow fields, which exhibits in accelerating the convergence rate and increasing the accuracy of the numerical results.     

An automatic isotropic/anisotropic hybrid grid generation technique for viscous flow simulations based on an artificial neural network

Based on the author’s previous research, a novel hybrid grid generation technique is developed by introducing an Artificial Neural Network(ANN) approach for realistic viscous flow simulations. An initial hybrid grid over a typical geometry with anisotropic quadrilaterals in the boundary layer and isotropic triangles in the off-body region is generated by the classical mesh generation method to train two ANNs on how to predict the advancing direction of the new point and to control the grid size....     

Stress corrosion behavior of 2195-T8 Al-Li alloy with an artificial pit exposed to a 30vol% HNO3 solution

This paper experimentally studied the stress corrosion behavior of 2195-T8 Al-Li alloys with prefabricated pits in 30vol% HNO₃. The microstructure was observed and determined by the scanning electron microscopy and the transmission electron microscopy. The typical corrosion features, i.e., regular or irregular corrosion pits and sub/intergranular corrosion, were investigated, and the role of stress were analyzed. The statistical results of the number and area of corrosion pits in various sizes were studied using an improved image processing method. Experimental results demonstrate that stress affects the intergranular corrosion or sub-intergranular corrosion of the alloy most, and promotes them to evolve into cracks under stress corrosion. Stress also plays a role in accelerating corrosion severity of certain corrosion feature. The number of corrosion pits with an area of 0–50 μm² can be seen as an index to reflect the degree of corrosion. Besides, a corrosion phenomenon, i.e., the pit bottom in the site with the maximum stress locally suffering from no severe corrosion, was observed and discussed.