GNSS-R open-loop difference phase altimetry: Results from a bridge experiment

The paper explores a method to obtain accurate lake surface heights using measurements of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) carrier phase reflected from the lake surface. The method is referred to as Global Navigation Satellite System-Reflection (GNSS-R) open-loop difference phase altimetry method. It consists of two key technologies: one is the open-loop tracking method to track the GNSS-R signals, where the direct GNSS signal’s frequency is used as a reference frequency to obtain the carrier phases of the GNSS-R signals; the other key technology is time difference phase altimetry method to invert the lake surface heights using two or more carrier phases of GNSS-R signals received simultaneously. A validation experiment is carried out on the SANYING bridge over GUANTING lake using a GNSS-R receiver developed by the Center for Space Science and Applied Research (CSSAR), processing the data with GNSS-R open-loop difference phase altimetry method. The lake surface height results are consistent with the height results of GPS dual-frequency differential positioning altimetry. The results show that we can achieve centimeter level height in one minute average, by using 11 minutes carrier phase data of three GNSS-R signals received simultaneously.     

Phase Residual Estimations for PCVs of Spaceborne GPS Receiver Antenna and Their Impacts on Precise Orbit Determination of GRACE Satellites

In-flight phase center systematic errors of global positioning system(GPS) receiver antenna are the main restriction for improving the precision of precise orbit determination using dual-frequency GPS.Residual approach is one of the valid methods for in-flight calibration of GPS receiver antenna phase center variations(PCVs) from ground calibration.In this paper,followed by the correction model of spaceborne GPS receiver antenna phase center,ionosphere-free PCVs can be directly estimated by ionosphere-free carrier phase post-fit residuals of reduced dynamic orbit determination.By the data processing of gravity recovery and climate experiment(GRACE) satellites,the following conclusions are drawn.Firstly,the distributions of ionosphere-free carrier phase post-fit residuals from different periods have the similar systematic characteristics.Secondly,simulations show that the influence of phase residual estimations for ionosphere-free PCVs on orbit determination can reach the centimeter level.Finally,it is shown by in-flight data processing that phase residual estimations of current period could not only be used for the calibration for GPS receiver antenna phase center of foretime and current period,but also be used for the forecast of ionosphere-free PCVs in future period,and the accuracy of orbit determination can be well improved.     

非均匀线阵数字多波束测向算法研究

提出了一种适用于非均匀线阵的数字多波束测向方法,该方法首先通过数字配相法形成同时多波束,然后根据目标信号在相邻三波束的输出值来估计目标方向,通过给出数字阵列雷达的系统架构,建立非均匀线阵信号模型,对上述方法进行了计算机仿真分析,仿真结果证明了该方法的有效性     

感温蜡温控阀对航天器热控系统动态性能的影响

为了提高航天器热控系统的控温适应能力,提出了一种基于感温蜡温控阀的单相流体回路热控方法,利用感温蜡温控阀的全自动流量、温度比例调节特性实现温度控制。通过集总参数法建立感温蜡温控阀、热源载荷和空间辐射器等部件的数学模型,运用数值仿真方法分析该热控系统的温度动态特性。仿真结果表明,感温蜡温控阀的布局方式,以及感温蜡熔程、时间常数和温度延迟等热特性对单相流体回路热控系统温度动态性能有显著的影响,对基于感温蜡温控阀的单相流体回路优化设计提供了理论依据。     

燃气喷射推力矢量喷管气固两相流数值模拟

利用Euler-Lagrangian方法模拟了固体火箭发动机燃气喷射推力矢量喷管气固两相内流场,研究了固体颗粒对喷管推力矢量性能的影响.气相采用Roe格式和MUSCL (monotone upstream-centred schemes for conservation laws)插值进行空间2阶迎风离散,时间推进采用隐式时间格式;固体颗粒相采用随机轨道模型计算颗粒轨迹,并与气相进行双向耦合.结果表明:固体颗粒的存在使弓形激波强度增强,但降低了推力矢量角和推力系数;颗粒质量分数相同时,粒径越大,推力矢量角和推力系数越大;颗粒直径相同时,颗粒质量分数越大,推力矢量角和推力系数越小.      

相变材料在航天器上的应用

随着航天技术的发展,航天器内部仪器设备的功耗和热流密度不断增大,给航天器热控设计带来新的困难,但为相变材料的应用提供了机遇。文章针对相变材料在相变过程中具有温度恒定、没有运动部件等特点,重点介绍了相变材料分类、特性及其在航天器热控设计中的应用,分析了相变材料在工程应用中面临的问题,给出了相变材料在航天器热控技术上应用的发展方向。     

极小化相位误差加权间断有限元辛方法

对于线性Hamilton系统,辛差分方法可以保持系统的辛结构,有限元方法可以保证系统的辛性质并具有能量守恒特性。但辛差分方法和有限元方法时域上仍然存在相位误差,使得计算的精度不是很理想。提出极小化相位误差加权间断有限元辛方法（WDG-PF）,该方法是辛方法,同时,对Hamilton系统的求解具有极小的相位误差。数值显示该方法可以保证Hamilton系统的能量守恒性。WDG-PF方法解决了时间有限元方法（TFE）存在的相位漂移现象,同时指出间断有限元方法可以通过加权处理达到保辛要求。WDG-PF方法相较于针对相位误差设计的计算格式分数步对称辛算法（FSJS）、辛Runge-Kutta-Nystrom（RKN）格式以及辛分块Runge-Kutta（SPRK）等方法,WDG-PF显著地减少相位误差,和显著提高Hamilton系统能量精度的优点。相位误差和能量误差几乎达到计算机精度。同时单元内部具有超收敛现象。特别针对高低混频Hamilton系统,传统方法很难在固定的步长下同时实现对高频和低频信号的精确仿真,WDG-PF方法则可以在大步长下同时实现对低频信号和高频信号的高精度仿真。数值显示,WDG-PF方法切实有效。      

热水火箭发动机喷管性能的影响因素

为了更好地了解影响热水火箭发动机喷管性能的因素,分别对不同参数条件下喷管内流场进行数值模拟.重点研究不同初始条件如不同初始压力、初始气体体积分数及过冷度和不同喷管结构如不同扩张比、收敛半角及扩张半角对推力的影响规律,计算结果表明:初始压力越大,推力越大;随着初始气体体积分数增大,推力会有一个先增大后减小的过程;热水火箭发动机内部初始温度越接近于饱和温度,推力越大;随着扩张比的增加,推力会有一个先增大后减小的过程;收敛半角对推力影响不大;扩张半角越大,推力越小.      

航空发动机PI控制参数频域最优整定方法

针对航空发动机高、低压转速和压比的控制回路,研究满足幅值裕度和相角裕度要求的比例-积分(PI)控制参数稳定域确定方法.根据系统在频域的稳定域解析模型,建立考虑PI控制器的系统参数频域稳定域图形.根据典型的动态性能指标和鲁棒性指标定义的优化目标函数,在所得到的控制参数稳定域中寻找到一组最优的PI控制参数.该方法应用于航空发动机高、低压转速和压比回路控制器参数设计中,设计了不同状态下的PI控制器,仿真结果表明,这种整定方法能够使闭环系统满足性能指标和鲁棒性.      

GNSS carrier phase ambiguity resolution based on integrity restriction in ambiguity domain

Carrier phase ambiguity resolution of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is a key technology for high-precision navigation and positioning, and it is a challenge for applications which require both high accuracy and high integrity. This paper proposes efficient ambiguity resolution methods based on integrity restriction using Fixed Failure rate Ratio Test (FF-RT) and Doubly Non-central F-distribution Ratio Test (DNF-RT), and derives the related processing models and numerical algorithms compared with the traditional Ratio Test (RT) method. Firstly, the integer ambiguity resolution and validation procedures, especially the Least squares AMBiguity Decorrelation Adjustment (LAMBDA) estimation and RT validation are analyzed. Then the quality evaluation using success rate, the FF-RT method using Integer Aperture (IA) estimation and the NDF-RT method are proposed. Lastly, the simulation and analysis for LAMBDA using RT, FF-RT and DNF-RT methods are performed. Simulation results show that in case of unbiased scenario FF-RT and DNF-RT have similar performances, which are significantly better than RT. In case of biased scenario it is difficult for FF-RT to predict the biased success rate thus it should not be used for bias detection, while DNF-RT can detect biases in most cases except for the biases are approximate or equal to integer, which has the important benefit for early detection of potential threat to the position solution.