圆柱共形缝隙阵列的相位补偿方法研究

对圆柱共形缝隙阵列的相位补偿方法进行了研究。首先根据对偶原理,给出了任意方向放置的缝隙单元的远场计算公式。然后根据叠加原理推导出圆柱共形缝隙阵列的远区场计算公式,并通过相位补偿方法使共形阵列的电磁特性接近于平面阵列。最后对9×9圆柱共形缝隙阵列、其对应的平面阵列以及相位补偿后阵列的远区场实际算例进行验证分析。结果表明,通过相位补偿可以对共形阵列的电磁特性进行改善。     

Lock threshold deterioration induced by antenna vibration and signal coupling effects in hypersonic vehicle carrier tracking system of Ka band

The envelope of a hypersonic vehicle is affected by severe fluctuating pressure, which causes the airborne antenna to vibrate slightly. This vibration mixes with the transmitted signals and thus introduces additional multiplicative phase noise. Antenna vibration and signal coupling effects as well as their influence on the lock threshold of the hypersonic vehicle carrier tracking system of the Ka band are investigated in this study. A vibration model is initially established to obtain phase noise in consideration of the inherent relationship between vibration displacement and electromagnetic wavelength. An analytical model of the Phase-Locked Loop(PLL), which is widely used in carrier tracking systems, is established. The coupling effects on carrier tracking performance are investigated and quantitatively analyzed by imposing the multiplicative phase noise on the PLL model. Simulation results show that the phase noise presents a Gaussian distribution and is similar to vibration displacement variation. A large standard deviation in vibration displacement exerts a significant effect on the lock threshold. A critical standard deviation is observed in the PLL of Binary Phase Shift Keying(BPSK) and Quadrature Phase Shift Keying(QPSK) signals. The effect on QPSK signals is more severe than that on BPSK signals. The maximum tolerable standard deviations normalized by the wavelength of the carrier are 0.04 and 0.02 for BPSK and QPSK signals,respectively. With these critical standard deviations, lock thresholds are increased from à12 andà4 d B to 3 and à2 d B, respectively.     

中继卫星星间天线指向误差传播率研究

基于中继卫星星间天线对用户航天器的跟踪规律,建立了准确的误差传递模型,并对分析结果进行了仿真验证。文中首先定义了误差传递模型所需的各类坐标系;然后使用微分方法分别建立了中继卫星轨道误差传递模型、中继卫星姿态误差传递模型,分析了滚动角、俯仰角和偏航角与指向精度之间的关系,以及位置保持控制对指向精度的影响;最后借助于STK软件的轨道计算功能,使用蒙特卡罗方法进行数学仿真,仿真结果验证了误差传递模型的准确性。     

星载多波束天线设计

给出了星载多波束天线的设计方法、步骤和参数选择原则,给出了2个区域多点波束天线和赋形波束的设计实例,并用物理光学法计算了覆盖区域的天线方向图、覆盖区增益和频率复用时的同极化波束隔离。     

星载天线指向机构的润滑

空间机械的润滑不同于地面设备,星载天线指向机构更有其本身的特点,应针对天线指向机构不同组件的工作特点选择最适合的润滑方式。文章对目前空间机械常用的几种润滑方式的机理和优缺点进行了综述,指出了天线指向机构润滑设计应考虑的问题和不同组件可采取的润滑措施。     

船载天线视角计算方法研究

天线视角是航天测量船的一个重要指标，通过分析各种视角遮挡情况，列出相应的视角计算方法，为船用天线视角设计提供了依据。同时本文分析了针对视角遮挡问题在船舶设计阶段应采取的措施。     

基于机器人柔性毛刷的空间翻滚目标消旋

设计了一种柔性减速刷消旋机构，将其安装于七自由度机械臂的末端，通过与翻滚目标帆板之间的接触碰撞进行消旋。利用绝对节点坐标法推导了柔性减速刷的动力学模型，并对其接触碰撞进行分析。针对自由漂浮空间机器人动力学建模和基座姿态的控制进行了研究，采用基于计算力矩法的滑模控制策略，对末端参数不确定的七自由度机械臂进行控制。滑模控制具有快速响应、对参数变化及扰动不灵敏等特点，确保了系统的全局鲁棒性和稳定性。有利于节省消旋时间，提高消旋效率。通过PD控制和滑模控制消旋仿真验证，该消旋策略能够成功消除初始旋转速度，消旋程度达90%以上，具有可行性与有效性。     

A new narrow beam Doppler radar at 3 MHz for studies of the high-latitude middle atmosphere

A Doppler radar at 3.17 MHz has been installed at Saura close to the Andøya Rocket Range as part of the ALOMAR observatory at Andenes, Norway in summer 2002 to improve the ground based capabilities for measurements of small scale features and turbulence in the mesosphere. The main feature of the new Saura MF radar is the transmitting/receiving antenna which is arranged as a Mills Cross of 29 crossed half-wave dipoles with a minimum beam width of about 7°. Each dipole is fed by its own transceiver, and the individual phase control of the 58 transceiver modules on transmission and reception provides high flexibility in beam forming and pointing as well as transmission switching between ordinary and extraordinary mode circular polarisation. In addition, beams with different widths at the same pointing angle can be formed. For multiple receiver applications (spaced antenna wind measurements, all-sky meteor detections) four independent receiving channels are available.     

星载 ScanSAR 特性研究

论述了星载波束扫描合成孔径雷达（ＳｃａｎＳＡＲ）的扫描覆盖特性,指出在满足观测带远端模糊性约束条件下,最大观测带宽度与雷达波长和实际天线孔径的形状无关;阐述了观测带宽度与雷达分辨率、天线面积、发射功率和回波数据率等参数之间的约束关系;给出了数值计算例子。     

25m天线电参数测试系统

论述了ＶＬＢＩ２５ｍ天线电参数测试系统，着重介绍了自行研制的同轴液氮冷热噪声源，并进行了可行性和误差分析，其精度可以达到国家二极标准，同轴接口误差为±１．０Ｋ，满足了ＶＬＢＩ的实际应用。