电子束辐照下铝合金靶中热击波传播规律研究

文章研究了电子束辐照下铝合金靶中热击波的传播与衰减规律。首先给出了基于半径回归法的铝合金本构模型,并给出了将其应用于数值模拟的计算流程。然后,利用该模型以及自主编写的计算软件DRAM1D,模拟了脉冲电子束辐照铝合金的热击波效应。将计算结果与采用理想弹塑性本构模型得到的结果以及实验结果进行了比较,结果表明,相比于理想弹塑性本构模型,基于半径回归法的铝合金本构模型所得到的热击波衰减相对较快,与电子束辐照铝合金的实验结果符合较好,更适合于描述铝合金靶材中的热击波传播。     

Effects of Nb Content on Yield Strength of NiTiNb Alloys in Martensite State

Two near single-phase NiTiNb alloys—Ni₅₀Ti₄₈Nb₂ and Ni_49.5Ti_46.5Nb₄—are prepared and studied by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and tensile tests in order to unearth the effects of Nb-atom solid solution in NiTi phase on the yield strength induced by self-accommodation of martensite variants. The results show that the yield strength of near single-phase NiTiNb alloys varies inversely with the amount of Nb-atoms solid-dissolved in NiTi phase. From the results out of the prior and current studies, it can be surmised that the effects of Nb content on the yield strength of NiTiNb alloys in martensite state depend on the coaction. Nb solid solution weakening mechanism and β-Nb phase composite strengthening mechanism. This inference might be a satisfactory explanation to the fact that the yield strength of (NiTi)_50–0.5xNb_x alloys in martensite state begins with decline and then rises when the Nb content increases.     

某型起动机高温合金整体涡轮材料的改进与分析

针对某型起动机高温合金整体涡轮断裂故障率高的情况,本文从国内外涡轮材料的发展趋势和应用现状出发,介绍了一种新型涡轮材料,并通过对比新旧材料的性能证明了材料改进的可行性和有效性。     

轻质高性能镁合金开发及其在航天航空领域的应用

镁合金是实际应用中最轻的金属结构材料,在航天航空、轨道交通、汽车、3C(computer,communication,consumer electronics)产品等领域具有广阔的应用前景。但镁合金材料强度偏低,尤其是高温强度,其抗蠕变性较差；镁合金铸件容易形成缩松和热裂纹,成品率低,镁合金变形件塑性加工条件控制困难,导致组织与力学性能不稳定。介绍了高性能镁合金材料(非稀土镁合金、含稀土镁合金、镁锂合金)及其成形技术(重力铸造、低压铸造、压铸、挤压铸造、半固态成形、塑性成形)的开发现状,综述了其在航天航空领域的应用状况,并展望了今后的发展趋势。     

板栅合金研究

本文通过查阅国内外几十种板栅合金配方，结合笔者的工作经验，在经过多次试验分析论证的基础上，找出了降低蓄电池水损耗的可行办法。采用本试验合金铸板，延长电池的使用寿命，达到了免维护电池的要求，每年可为生产企业增加可观的经济效益。     

孔壁冷挤压工艺对LC9板材疲劳寿命的影响

介绍了对LC9板材孔壁采用冷挤压工艺前后的疲劳寿命对比试验情况；论述了孔壁冷挤压强化对疲劳寿命的影响。     

Surface integrity and fatigue behavior when turning γ-TiAl alloy with optimized PVD-coated carbide inserts

This paper presents a comprehensive investigation on the effects of tool and turning parameters on surface integrity and fatigue behavior in turning c-Ti Al alloy. The wear of inserts surface, cutting forces, and surface roughness were studied to optimize PVD-coated carbide inserts.Surface topography, residual stresses, microhardness, and microstructure were analyzed to characterize the surfaces layer under different turning parameters. Surface integrity and fatigue life tests of c-Ti Al alloy were conducted under turning and turning-polishing processes. The results show that compared to CNMG120412-MF4, CNMG120408-SM is more suitable because it obtained low cutting force, surface roughness, and tool wear. With increasing the cutting speed and depth, the depths of the compressive residual stress layer, hardening layer, and plastic deformation layer increased. For turning and turning-polishing specimens, the compressive residual stress was relaxed by less than 20%–30% after 10~7 cycles. The fatigue life of a turning-polishing specimen with R_a= 0.15 mm has increased 3 times from that of a turning specimen with R_a= 0.43 mm.     

HIGH TEMPERATURE RHEOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR OF FSJ JOINTED REGION FOR 7022ALUMINUM ALLOY

The Hopkinson pressure bar tests for base metal and friction stir jointing（FSJ） jointed region of 7022 a- luminum alloy are carried out at different temperatures and strain rates. The temperature is 30--400 ℃ and the strain rate is 1 200-5 000 s 1. High strain rate for base metal and FSJ jointed region of 7022 aluminum alloy are studied. The corresponding stress-strain curves are obtained. The results show that the flow stresses of base metal and FSJ jointed region of 7022 aluminum alloy decline with the increase of temperature and increase with the in- crease of strain rate. Furthermore, the constitutive equation for base metal and FSJ jointed region of 7022 alumi- num alloy at high temperature and high strain rate is obtained based on Johnson-Cook model.     

9SiCr合金刃具钢在不同介质淬火后性能比较

通过对9SiCr合金刃具钢在清水、锭子油和高压气体等淬火介质中淬火对比实验,研究了9SiCr合金刃具钢在不同介质淬火工艺处理后的性能。研究结果表明,水淬火时试件表面与中心的温差较大,锭子油次之,高压气体较小;试件高压气体淬火时,温度梯度小,整个断面冷却比较均匀,可以预计,相应的热应力和热变形也比较小;应用适当压力的氮气能够实现淬透性比较好的9SiCr合金刃具钢的淬火处理。     

喷射沉积Ni3Al—Mo合金的位错结构分析

利用多功能雾化沉积装置制备了Ｎｉ－Ａｌ－Ｍｏ 系Ｎｉ３Ａｌ基高温合金。拉伸性能测试表明，喷射沉积Ｎｉ３Ａｌ－Ｍｏ 合金的屈服强度具有明显的“Ｒ”特性。利用ＴＥＭ 位错结构分析，阐明了合金微观结构与屈服强度之间的关系，研究结果表明，试验合金所具有的屈服强度随温度的变化规律主要是由不同温度下γ′及γ相内的位错缠结状况、位错对的形态及数量和六面体滑移系的开动程度决定的。