W-Re合金构件气氛保护等离子喷涂成形技术

采用包覆法制备W-5％(质量分数)Re复合粉末,采用气氛保护等离子喷涂成形技术制备某实验型固体火箭发动机喷管(Solid Rocket Motor,SRM),研究2300 ℃真空烧结时喷管致密度、组织结构及显微硬度、抗拉强度、压缩强度等性能随烧结时间的变化规律.研究表明:喷涂成形件为典型的柱状晶层片结构,粒子层片结合部位存在较多孔隙及微观缝隙,成形件致密度为87.5％,其显微硬度、抗拉强度、压缩强度分别为321.8 HV0.025,57.9 MPa及390.2MPa.随着真空烧结时间由2h延长至6h及8h,W-Re合金逐渐由定向凝固柱状晶层片结构转化为颗粒状结构,致密度及力学性能均随之提高.其中经8h烧结处理后,W-Re合金致密度、显微硬度、抗拉强度、压缩强度及屈服强度分别增加至98.6％,529.7 HV0.025,384.7 MPa,1466.5 MPa及879.6 MPa.由于Re元素可提高W-Re合金的再结晶温度,有效细化晶粒,显著提高合金的程度及塑性,等离子喷涂成形W-Re合金经真空烧结后可观察到明显的Re效应.     

高强铝合金中间相Al2 Cu,Al2 CuMg和MgZn2性能的第一性原理计算

采用第一性原理平面波赝势方法,计算Al-Zn-Mg-Cu系高强铝合金主要中间相Al2 Cu,Al2 CuMg和MgZn2的结合能、形成焓、弹性常数及态密度。计算结果表明：3相结合能按MgZn2>Al2 CuMg>Al2 Cu顺序递减;形成焓按MgZn2>Al2 Cu>Al2 CuMg顺序递减;Al2 Cu具有很高的弹性模量,同时具有一定的塑性,可以作为合金的强化相;Al2 CuMg是典型的脆性相,并表现出明显的各向异性,容易诱导产生裂纹;MgZn2具有良好的塑性,同时熔点较低,是合金的主要强化相;3相中均存在离子键的相互作用,提高了结构稳定性;通过适当降低Cu,Mg含量,提高Zn的含量,有利于生成MgZn2相,进一步提高合金的综合性能。     

镍钛记忆合金增材制造技术研究进展及其在航空领域的应用前景

镍钛合金具有特异的形状记忆效应与超弹性、高阻尼性、良好的机械性能,是制造驱动器、阻尼器等的功能结构材料.由于镍钛合金的熔炼制备与机加工性能较差,目前应用的镍钛合金构件通常外形简单且尺寸较小,限制了其在航空等领域大型结构件中的应用.金属增材制造技术为形状复杂的大型镍钛合金构建的制造开辟了新途径.综述了镍钛合金的增材制造技术的现状,并举例说明其在航空制造领域中的应用.     

形状记忆合金管接头技术在民用23部飞机液压系统中应用的适航考虑

国产民用运-12F飞机正在进行中国民用航空局和美国联邦航空管理局型号合格证适航取证工作.针对该飞机液压系统设计过程中应用了形状记忆合金管接头技术的实例,依据中国民用航空规章CCAR-23-R3中适用于这种新型管路连接技术的适航条款,对其适航审定方面的要求及符合性验证工作进行论述,最终证明符合适航规章的具体要求.     

激光熔覆纳米TiN-Ni45A复合涂层组织与性能

在38CrMoAl表面激光熔覆了纳米TiN-Ni45A复合涂层.利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、电子探针、显微硬度计和摩擦磨损试验机,系统分析了纳米TiN含量对复合涂层的相组成、微观组织、硬度和摩擦磨损性能的影响.研究表明,不同纳米TiN含量的镍基复合涂层主要是由γ-Ni树枝晶、(γ-Ni+Ni3B)共晶,以及分布于γ-Ni晶粒内的M23C6和TiN硬质相所组成.当纳米TiN的添加量为5.0％(质量分数)时,复合涂层中γ-Ni树枝晶发生了明显粗化,且其数量有所增加.而当纳米TiN的添加量超过5.0％时,γ-Ni树枝晶则开始逐渐细化,其数量逐渐减少,且树枝晶的生长形态逐渐由等轴树枝晶转变为柱状树枝晶.与此同时,通过团聚长大的微米TiN颗粒数量逐渐增多,分布也越趋均匀.随着纳米TiN添加量的增加,复合涂层的平均硬度在整体上呈逐渐增加的变化趋势,减摩性和耐磨性在纳米TiN的添加量为15.0％时达到最优,其摩擦系数和磨损体积较未添加纳米TiN的镍基合金涂层分别降低了8.7％和32.3％,而平均硬度值则提高了7.0％.     

ZL205A铝合金大型复杂筒体构件淬火过程模拟与变形预报

基于ABAQUS软件采用有限元方法建立ZL205A铝合金大型复杂构件淬火过程的温度场与应力场模型,分析构件在淬火过程中不同时刻的温度场分布.根据构件结构特征,选择4个特征点获得淬火过程冷却曲线,并对构件厚壁、加强筋与薄壁部分的冷却曲线进行研究,使用有限元模拟方法预报构件变形和残余应力.ZL205A铝合金大型复杂构件淬火变形主要为径向变形,通过比较淬火后残余应力的6个分量可知正应力远大于剪应力.模拟厚壁在不同换热系数下的淬火效果,发现增加换热系数可以提高厚壁淬火冷却速度,但是作用比较有限.     

Ti2AlNb合金双层辉光等离子表面渗钼的扩散行为研究

Ti2AlNb合金(O相)具有高的比强度、断裂韧性以及优良的抗蠕变性能,因而在航空制造中成为一种颇具吸引力的高温结构材料.但是,较差的耐磨性是其主要的缺陷并限制其实际应用.为解决这一问题,对Ti2AlNb合金进行双层辉光等离子表面渗Mo.探讨主要工艺参数对Mo的扩散行为的影响.采用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)和辉光放电光谱仪(GDS)分析表面合金化层的成分分布和微观结构.测定从表面到中心的显微硬度变化曲线.结果表明温度与时间均对扩散过程具有显著的影响.最后通过回归分析计算出在优化的工艺温度980℃下的扩散系数.     

Investigation on a Sol-gel Coating Containing Inhibitors on 2024-T3 Aluminum Alloy

For a long time, chromate incorporated conversion coatings have been drawn special attention in corrosion protection of air-craft-used aluminum alloys. However,ever-increasing environmental pressures requires that non-chromate conversion coatings be developed because of the detrimental carcinogenic effects of the chromate compounds. In recent years, the sol-gel coatings doped with inhibitors were developed to replace chromate conversion coatings, and showed real promise. A sol-gel coating was prepared and its anti-corrosion behavior was investigated using the potentiodynamic scanning (PDS) and the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). It is found that the sol-gel coating obtained by the hydrolysis and condensation of 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) and tetramethoxysilane (TMOS) is prone to form defects if cured at the room temperature, whereas if cured at a higher temperature (100 ℃), these flaws can be avoided. Furthermore, it can be seen that addition of anti-foam agents and surfactants will reduce the faults if cured at the room temperature. Effects of the corrosion inhibitors, CeCl3 and mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT), in the sol-gel coatings on 2024-T3 aluminum alloy were also investigated. Results show that the corrosion resistance of the sol-gel coatings containing CeCl3 proves to be better than that of the pure and MBT added sol-gel coatings by the electrochemical methods.     

Electrolytic Passivation of Nitinol Shape Memory Alloy in Different Electrolytes

The corrosion behavior of the nitinol alloy was studied in various corrosion media of different Cl^- ion concentrations. The results demonstrate that the Cl^- ion concentration has significant influences on the corrosion behavior of the nitinol alloy. In order to enhance the corrosion resistance, protective films were generated on the surface of the nitinol alloy by means of the electrochemical passivation method, for which five different electrolytic solutions were investigated. The surface analysis indicates full growth of all samples passivated in the different electrolytic solutions with layers, however, showing different morphological features. Without any defects like micro-cracks and pores, the surface of the samples passivated in the molybdate solution turns out smoother and denser than those passivated in other solutions. It is shown that the electro-chemical passivation will reduce Ni content but increase Ti content in the surface, reaching the Mole ratio of Ti：Ni = 9.01：1 on the outermost surface. Potentiodynamic polarization test demonstrates that the samples electrochemically passivated in the molybdate solution present a significant increase in breakdown potential due to titanium enrichment on the outermost surface.     

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Cross-rolled Ti50Ni47Fe3 Shape Memory Alloy

The microstructures, the phase transformation characteristics, and the mechanical properties of the Ti50Ni47Fe3 alloy in as-forged and as-cross-rolled states were investigated. It is found that, after cross-rolling, the phase transformation temperature （Ms） of the alloy decreases drastically and the grains get refined. Moreover, its yield strength and fracture strength after cross-rolling hit 540 MPa and 687 MPa respectively, up by about 200 MPa over those in as-forged state.