Stability analysis of explicit guidance laws for space launch vehicles with varying thrust integrals

In this study, a stability analysis of the explicit guidance laws for space launch vehicles is performed with consideration of varying thrust integrals. Among various forms of explicit guidance, linear tangent guidance in its general form is selected and six different acceleration profiles are considered for this numerical experiment. A linear system modeling which includes all of the significant dynamic elements of a space launcher is performed to analyze the effect of the characteristics of thrust integrals on stability margins. Numerical results show that in an aspect of guidance stability, it is advantageous to have thrust integrals derived from increasing acceleration profiles, such as constant thrust case, which may be considered in the development of propulsion systems. Finally, time-domain simulation with the original nonlinear models is performed to verify the approach and the result shows that the nonlinear dynamics of the system is conserved well in the linear model.     

高超声速滑翔飞行器摆动式机动突防弹道设计

 为提高大升阻比高超声速滑翔飞行器机动突防能力,提出了一种侧向摆动式机动弹道的设计方法。基于动态逆的思想,建立了侧向摆动式机动弹道的弹道形式和所需倾侧角间的关系模型;在平衡滑翔假设下,将包括动压、过载和热流在内的飞行约束转化为迎角约束,从而确定了迎角-速度飞行走廊;在此基础上,设计了平衡滑翔情况下满足侧向摆动式机动及飞行约束所需的迎角变化规律。根据所设计的迎角和倾侧角,即可实现平衡滑翔情况下预定机动模式的侧向机动。以HTV(Hypersonic Technology Vehicle)为例进行仿真分析,结果表明该方法能够快速设计出预定机动幅度和机动频率的侧向摆动式机动突防弹道。     

可重复使用助推器调姿转弯段的控制系统设计

针对可重复使用助推器（RBV）强非线性、强耦合、多输入/多输出的特点,在姿态变化剧烈及空域变化广的调姿转弯阶段,采用非线性动态逆控制方法设计RBV的姿态控制系统。根据时标分离原则及奇异摄动理论,将系统分为快慢两回路子系统。对所需的总控制力矩进行控制分配,由空气舵和反作用控制系统（RCS）共同执行。仿真结果表明：由该法可获得较好的动态性能和鲁棒性。     

基于滑模控制的末端能量管理方法

简要介绍了末端能量管理的研究情况,然后对末端能量管理段进行轨迹规划。在轨迹规划的基础上,设计基于滑模变结构控制的制导律,对轨迹进行跟踪,对能量进行管理。仿真结果表明,滑模变结构控制在末端能量管理制导中合理、有效,具有很强的鲁棒性。     

Three-dimensional path planning for unmanned aerial vehicle based on interfered fluid dynamical system

This paper proposes a method for planning the three-dimensional path for low-flying unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) in complex terrain based on interfered fluid dynamical system(IFDS) and the theory of obstacle avoidance by the flowing stream. With no requirement of solutions to fluid equations under complex boundary conditions, the proposed method is suitable for situations with complex terrain and different shapes of obstacles. Firstly, by transforming the mountains, radar and anti-aircraft fire in complex terrain into cylindrical, conical, spherical, parallelepiped obstacles and their combinations, the 3D low-flying path planning problem is turned into solving streamlines for obstacle avoidance by fluid flow. Secondly, on the basis of a unified mathematical expression of typical obstacle shapes including sphere, cylinder, cone and parallelepiped, the modulation matrix for interfered fluid dynamical system is constructed and 3D streamlines around a single obstacle are obtained. Solutions to streamlines with multiple obstacles are then derived using weighted average of the velocity field. Thirdly, extra control force method and virtual obstacle method are proposed to deal with the stagnation point and the case of obstacles’ overlapping respectively. Finally, taking path length and flight height as sub-goals, genetic algorithm(GA) is used to obtain optimal 3D path under the maneuverability constraints of the UAV. Simulation results show that the environmental modeling is simple and the path is smooth and suitable for UAV. Theoretical proof is also presented to show that the proposed method has no effect on the characteristics of fluid avoiding obstacles.     

双尾撑布局无人机总体气动设计研究进展

介绍了双尾撑布局飞机的起源和特征,讨论了大展弦比和中等展弦比双尾撑布局无人机的设计特点和区别,归纳了双尾撑无人机总体气动设计工具、经验估算公式和阻力特性;指出将统计方法和数值模拟方法相结合,进行多学科设计优化是可行的解决方案,并对未来可能的设计方向进行了展望。     

蓄冷技术及其在空调中的应用

介绍了蓄冷技术及其在空调中的应用，指出了应用中存在的问题和解决问题的方法，为提高制冷系统COP和缓解电力供需矛盾提供了一条新途径。     

典型海上热发射动力学效应及影响因素分析

考虑海上发射环境特殊性,分析了发射船承受的典型海浪以及风环境,针对陆基发射时运载火箭直接坐落在发射台上的裸箭热发射方式,分析了该支撑形式在海上动态环境下的射前稳定性,获得海上裸箭热发射方式的承受晃动极限。为解决陆基热发射支撑方式不满足三级海况发射稳定性的问题,提出运载火箭的框架式扶稳措施,通过框架内的柔性支撑保证运载火箭的射前稳定性。构建由火箭、等效甲板、导向框架、导轨、柔性支撑、发射台等组成的发射系统动力学仿真模型,开展复杂海况条件下的发射动力学分析,获得了框架式热发射方式在典型海况条件下,不同因素对火箭出框过程飞行姿态、安全间隙等影响规律,可为运载火箭框架式热发射的海上动基座发射动力学安全性评估提供技术支撑,并用于框架式热发射方式的海上动基座环境适应性的综合评价。     

城市环境空气中臭氧的污染综合分析报告——以西安市城区2013年环境空气臭氧监测数据为例

新近颁布的《环境空气质量标准》(GB3095-2012)已经把臭氧8小时浓度限值纳入其中,臭氧已成为城市环境空气重要的污染物。分析了对人类有害的地面臭氧的主要来源,并以西安市城区2013年环境空气臭氧监测数据为例,分析了臭氧月际、日积的平均浓度、最大浓度等的变化情况。进而分析了西安市城区臭氧的主要污染来源,最后提出了城区环境空气中臭氧污染防治的7个基本对策。     

高超声速飞行器前体/进气道参数重要性测度

针对机体推进高度一体化的吸气式高超声速飞行器前体/进气道相关参数对其性能指标的独立和交互作用问题,基于回归模型和二阶混合中心矩理论,以总压恢复系数为性能指标,提出了参数重要性测度新方法。设计了二维混压楔形前体/进气道变几何构型方案并给出重要性测度模型,定量和定性地对参数重要性进行了对比和分析。研究结果表明:前体/进气道相关参数间具有强的非线性作用,交互作用非常显著,独立作用可以忽略不计,且重要性测度模型易于扩展。