提高角跟踪精度的自适应鲁棒平滑器

本文以某雷达角跟踪精度研究为主要背景,提出了提高角跟踪精度的自适应鲁棒平滑方法。该结构主要由鲁棒模糊滤波器,基于二次新息的自校正器,自适应胡倍尔(Huber)函数以及自适应α—β平滑器组成。这种方法首次从系统观点出发,统筹考滤了最优性、鲁棒以及实时性三个主要性能指标和滤波、平滑器器结构。最后比较了各平滑算法的性能指标,并说明了本算法的有效性。     

自适应预测补偿的迭代制导方法及其应用研究

针对迭代制导完成后入轨参数或终端程序角修正问题,研究一种基于模型参考的自适应预测补偿迭代制导算法在运载火箭上的应用。该算法在经典迭代制导算法的基础上,根据预测的迭代终端程序角和飞行视加速度的参考模型,对关机点参数进行补偿,依据补偿后的终端指标重新规划飞行轨迹,进而得出满足入轨参数或终端程序角偏差修正的制导指令,提升迭代制导对入轨参数偏差或终端程序角的修正能力。此外,阐述了经典迭代制导的基本算法,概括了自适应预测补偿迭代制导算法的基本原理,并以大推力直接入轨、终端程序角大偏差以及满足终端程序角约束为例,给出相应工况的自适应预测补偿的迭代制导算法。仿真结果表明：该算法对入轨参数和终端程序角偏差具有一定的修正能力。     

Thermal comfort assessment in civil aircraft cabins

Aircraft passengers are more and demanding in terms of thermal comfort. But it is not yet easy for aircraft crew to control the environment control system(ECS) that satisfies the thermal comfort for most passengers due to a number of causes. This paper adopts a corrected predicted mean vote(PMV) model and an adaptive model to assess the thermal comfort conditions for 31 investigated flights and draws the conclusion that there does exist an uncomfortable thermal phenomenon in civil aircraft cabins, especially in some short-haul continental flights. It is necessary to develop an easy way to predict the thermal sensation of passengers and to direct the crew to control ECS. Due to the assessment consistency of the corrected PMV model and the adaptive model, the adaptive model of thermal neutrality temperature can be used as a method to predict the cabin optimal operative temperature. Because only the mean outdoor effective temperature ET* of a departure city is an input variable for the adaptive model, this method can be easily understood and implemented by the crew and can satisfy 80–90% of the thermal acceptability levels of passengers.     

Adaptive finite-time backstepping control for attitude tracking of spacecraft based on rotation matrix

This paper investigates two finite-time controllers for attitude control of spacecraft based on rotation matrix by an adaptive backstepping method. Rotation matrix can overcome the draw- backs of unwinding which makes a spacecraft perform a large-angle maneuver when a small-angle maneuver in the opposite rotational direction is sufficient to achieve the objective, With the use of adaptive control, the first robust finite-time controller is continuous without a chattering phenom- enon. The second robust finite-time controller can compensate external disturbances with unknown bounds. Theoretical analysis shows that both controllers can make a spacecraft following a time-varying reference attitude signal in finite time and guarantee the stability of the overall closed-loop system. Numerical simulations are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control schemes.     

基于DSP的数字化电动舵系统改进设计

对某型基于N80C196单片机的数字电动舵系统进行了改进设计,利用DSP控制技术对其数字控制器升级改造,在数字滤波、控制算法和舵系统的响应快速性、静态稳定性等方面进行了研究,并进行了舵系统DSP控制器的研制和调试。针对改进的舵系统提出了一种分段PID／变结构复合控制算法,完成了DSP数字化舵系统的硬件设计和软件设计,采用C语言和汇编语言进行DSP控制器编程。通过实验测试运行结果和计算机仿真结果的对比,以及对通频带的测试,说明了改进设计电动舵系统的DSP控制器的有效性。     

基于改进PSO算法的PID控制器参数优化

针对PID控制器参数设计问题,提出了一种基于改进PSO算法的优化方法。该方法将初始的粒子群分成两组搜索方向相反、相互协同的主、辅子群,在保持种群小规模情况下,增强算法全局探索能力,实现高精度的优化结果。仿真结果表明,该方法相比于传统算法,所得到的控制器参数使控制系统获得了更好的动态响应特性和满意的控制效果。     

MEMS静电悬浮陀螺仪悬浮支承控制器设计

以MEMS静电悬浮陀螺仪敏感结构为研究对象,针对陀螺仪转子运动模型非线性和参数不确定的特点,采用自适应模糊PID控制策略设计了陀螺仪转子五自由度悬浮支承控制器.将MAT-LAB中Fuzzy模块和Simulink模块结合,对支承控制器进行仿真,结果表明,控制器的开、闭环频域特性以及刚度特性等均满足稳定性要求,且表现出良好的稳态和动态性能.     

Fault tolerant small satellite attitude control using adaptive non-singular terminal sliding mode

The Attitude Control System (ACS) plays a pivotal role in the whole performance of the spacecraft on the orbit; therefore, it is vitally important to design the control system with the performance of rapid response, high control precision and insensitive to external perturbations. In the first place, this paper proposes two adaptive nonlinear control algorithms based on the sliding mode control (SMC), which are designed for small satellite attitude control system. The nonlinear dynamics describing the attitude of small satellite is considered in a circle reference orbit, and the stability of the closed-loop system in the presence of external perturbations is investigated. Then, in order to account for accidental or degradation fault in satellite actuators, the fault-tolerant control schemes are presented. Hence, two adaptive fault-tolerant control laws (continuous sliding mode control and non-singular terminal sliding mode control) are developed by adopting the nonlinear analytical model to describe the system, which can guarantee global asymptotic convergence of the attitude control error with the existence of unknown external perturbations. The nonlinear hyperplane based Terminal sliding mode is introduced into the control law design; therefore, the system convergence performance improves and the control error is convergent in “finite time”. As a result, the study on the non-singular terminal sliding mode control is the emphasis and the continuous sliding mode control is used to compare with the non-singular terminal sliding mode control. Meanwhile, an adaptive fuzzy algorithm has been proposed to suppress the chattering phenomenon. Moreover, several numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed controllers by correcting for the external perturbations. Simulation results confirm that the suggested methodologies yield high control precision in control. In addition, actuator degradation, actuator stuck and actuator failure for a period of time are simulated to demonstrate the fault recovery capability of the fault tolerant controllers. The numerical results clearly demonstrate the good performance of the adaptive non-singular terminal control in the event of actuator fault compare with the continuous sliding mode control.     

卫星姿态系统执行器故障的自适应控制设计

针对带冗余执行器的卫星姿态控制系统,考虑部分执行器发生未知故障(故障模式、大小、时间均未知)的情况,结合Backstepping方法设计了自适应容错控制器,使得当一个甚至多个飞轮出现未知故障时,系统能调整正常执行器的输入,补偿故障执行器的影响,保证系统闭环稳定及输出信号对参考输出量的渐近跟踪.对该算法进行仿真验证,得到了较理想的控制效果.     

适于多自由度自适应机械人的可自现冗余的控制结构

多自由度机器人在未知或动态环境中的动作控制一般都采取混联方案。这种方案由数个自适应控制器构成,而发现这些服务于子任务的子控制器是否存在冗余是非常重要的。本文提出一种能够自动地发现自身冗余的子自适应控制器,并给出了初步的仿真结果,以证明该方案的有效性。