Heading south with a north-up map: A choice processing analysis of map alignment effects

This study employed an information accumulation model of choice reaction times to investigate alignment effects in mental representations of maps. University students studied a map from a single orientation (with north at the top). In a subsequent two-choice reaction time task, the students’ spatial knowledge of the map was assessed employing spatial left/right judgments, which were made from imagined perspectives that were either north-aligned or south-aligned. Data showed a standard alignment effect, favoring north- over south-aligned trials. To examine the locus of this effect, data were fit using the Linear Ballistic Accumulator (LBA) model of speeded decisions (Brown & Heathcote, 2008). Of interest were three model parameters: drift rate, the speed at which evidence accumulates toward a response; response threshold, the amount of evidence demanded from the decision maker before selecting a response; and non-decision time, the time consumed by pre- and postdecisional processes. The best-fitting model suggested that non-decision time accounted for the alignment effect. The difference in non-decision time between north and south-aligned judgments suggests a mental alignment stage on south-aligned trials, accounting for the longer reaction times for judgements misaligned with the presented north orientation of the map.     

星载降水测量雷达有源定标技术研究*

针对降水测量雷达的定标需求,提出基于四个有源雷达定标器的多站有源定标方法,给出定标器布设方式,并设计有源定标时序。分析定标过程中的误差源及其对定标精度的影响,仿真验证表明,四站有源定标的波束匹配偏差定标精度优于0.01°,系统定标精度优于1dB。方法在满足高精度定标的同时,能够实现在降水观测模式下对雷达性能的评估,降低天地定标试验的复杂度。     

一种高超声速试飞器助推段主动弹性抑制方法

针对高超声速试飞器助推段由于其高静不稳定特性所引起的低频弹性模态与刚体高带宽控制之间动态耦合问题，具有低频模态和大静不稳定度等特征，引入主动弹性抑制技术，即在传统控制器的设计基础上引入弹性振动能量在线辨识技术相结合的改进自适应增广控制技术(Adaptive augmenting control, AAC)，动态改变开环系统控制增益，以降低弹性模态对舵机的影响，同时增加刚体控制系统的稳定性。仿真结果验证了该方法能够有效减小由干扰激励出的弹性模态所引起的附加舵机摆角，抑制伺服弹性耦合作用。该方法对高超声速试飞器助推段的控制具有重要的理论意义和工程应用价值。     

On the estimation of regional covariance functions of TEC variations over Canada

Spatial and temporal variations of Total Electron Content (TEC) can affect GNSS high accuracy positioning. Enhanced estimation of ionospheric variations and their de-correlation can benefit differential and point positioning rapid solutions. Global and regional TEC maps can provide the overall state of ionopsheric variations in space and time domains within their accuracy limits. In this paper, these maps are exploited to retrieve ionospheric variations by means of variograms and their associated covariance functions of TEC residuals over Canadian region during geomagnetically quiet and disturbed conditions. A number of theoretical variogram functions are reviewed for modeling covariance of TEC residuals. The variogram modeling of residuals during a strong geomagnetic storm revealed variances of one order of magnitude larger compared to a rather quiet condition. Variogram models are also used in regional and local kriging interpolation experiments and their performances are evaluated. Global maps of TEC RMS by International GNSS Service and two of its analysis centres are also compared over the Canadian region during a two-year period. Realistic representation of regional variances using estimated variograms when compared to global ionospheric RMS maps are also presented.     

收发一体式无线电高度表设计

为了满足中小型掠海飞行器对无线电高度表的需求，基于IVS948模块设计了一种收发一体式无线电高度表。采用线性调频连续波体制，分析对比了锯齿波和对称三角波调制信号对测量高度的影响，并对其它主要参数的选取进行了计算和分析；对软件运行流程中各个工作模式的关键环节进行了具体说明，并将FFT-CZT算法引入高度测量中。经过对工程样机的带飞试验，其测量数据与GPS差分高度数据相一致。结果表明，该型高度表工作可靠，测量数据可信，精度高，可用于中小型掠海飞行器的飞行控制系统。     

An adaptive strategy for active debris removal

Many parameters influence the evolution of the near-Earth debris population, including launch, solar, explosion and mitigation activities, as well as other future uncertainties such as advances in space technology or changes in social and economic drivers that effect the utilisation of space activities. These factors lead to uncertainty in the long-term debris population. This uncertainty makes it difficult to identify potential remediation strategies, involving active debris removal (ADR), that will perform effectively in all possible future cases. Strategies that cannot perform effectively, because of this uncertainty, risk either not achieving their intended purpose, or becoming a hindrance to the efforts of spacecraft manufactures and operators to address the challenges posed by space debris.     

Active galactic nuclei imaging programs of the RadioAstron mission

Imaging relativistic jets in active galactic nuclei (AGN) at angular resolution significantly surpassing that of the ground-based VLBI at centimetre wavelengths is one of the key science objectives of the RadioAstron space-VLBI mission. There are three RadioAstron imaging key science programs that target both nearby radio galaxies and blazars, with one of the programs specifically focusing on polarimetry of the jets. The first images from these programs reach angular resolution of a few tens of microarcseconds and reveal unprecedented details about the jet collimation profile, magnetic field configuration, and Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities along the flow in some of the most studied AGN (3C 84, BL Lac, 3C 273, S5 0836 + 710). Here we give an overview of the goals and strategy of these three ongoing programs, highlight their early results, and discuss the challenges of space-VLBI imaging.     

成人自考生学习动力现状的调查分析

采取问卷调查、访谈调查的方法，对重庆市部分成人自考生的学习动力现状进行了调查。通过调查发现，成人自考生学习动力受到性别、年龄、职业、工作年限、经济收入等多方面因素的影响，最后提出了相应的建议。     

五年制高职校新生英语学习现状调查及应对策略

针对五年制高职学生英语学习上出现倦怠、课堂教学很难开展的现状,进行学生英语学习基础的调查,了解并解决以下两个问题：一是调查学生的英语学习基础,弄清英语学习出现倦怠的原因;二是反思教师的教学模式,找到适合提升学生的学习积极性的教学方法。     

Numerical investigation of co-flow jet airfoil with parabolic flap

Both the Active Flow Control (AFC) and the variable-camber technology are considered as efficient ways to enhance the aerodynamic performance of an aircraft. The present study investigated the feasibility of the combination of a Co-Flow Jet (CFJ) airfoil and a parabolic flap, where the Reynolds Average Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations and the Spalart-Allmaras (S-A) turbulence model were exploited for the numerical simulation. Several significant geometric parameters, including the injection slot location, the suction slot location, the injection slot angle, the suction slot angle and the airfoil Suction Surface Translation (SST), were selected to study their effects on the aerodynamics of the proposed configuration. Then, an optimized design was created and compared with the baseline airfoil. The results show that the CFJ airfoil combined with the parabolic flap is more beneficial to the aerodynamic performance enhancement at small angles of attack. It is preferable to locate the injection slot at a 2% chord-wise location and the suction slot at a 75% chord-wise location. Both the decrease of the injection slot angle and the augmentation of the suction slot angle could reduce the drag. Furthermore, the SST of 0.5% chord is selected due to its high gain in the corrected aerodynamic efficiency at small angles of attack. Compared with the baseline, the optimized design could increase the lift coefficient and the corrected lift-to-drag ratio by 32.1% and 93.8% respectively at the angle of attack α = 4°.