SiB6陶瓷的制备、性能及应用

文摘介绍了富硼化合物陶瓷的性能,SiB_6的晶体结构、热力学性质及几种主要合成和烧结方法,综述了SiB_6的抗高温氧化、力学、摩擦学、电学性能及其应用,提出了今后的发展方向。     

一类空间对称6R机构的运动学研究及组合应用

可展开平板机构已广泛应用于平板天线、太阳翼等航天机构产品。为提高可展开平板机构的刚度和展收比,将空间对称6R机构应用于可展开平板机构设计。首先,根据约束条件,计算后给出了一种空间3R运动链的几何参数关系;然后,结合螺旋理论,分析了该3R运动链的约束螺旋系;进而根据对称性,研究了空间对称6R机构的自由度、奇异性等运动特征;在此基础上,提出了一种特殊的空间对称6R转动机构;最后,研究了空间对称6R机构的组合方法,设计出一种新型单自由度可展开平板组合机构,并对其进行了运动学仿真验证。该可展机构具有二维方向的展开收拢能力,为可展开平板机构的创新设计提供了有益参考。     

Cr（Ⅵ）对镍沉淀的影响

采用周期伏安技术，恒电位阶跃法和恒电流阶跃法研究了Ｃｒ（Ⅵ）对镍电沉淀的影响。研究表明，正常镀镍液中，Ｃｒ（Ⅵ）在电极上形成一种“吸附膜”抑制Ｍｉ（２＋）离子的还原，此效应随ｐＨ值降低而减弱，并在一定ｐＨ值下发生Ｎｉ（２＋）离子的沉积。     

基于低端MCU的嵌入式IPv6协议栈的设计与实现

大多数8位MCU的嵌入式设备通过TCP/IPv4协议接入互联网,致使原本资源匮乏的IPv4地址空间更加紧张.提出了一种基于操作系统无关性的IPv6协议栈的设计方案,对IPv6、ICMPv6、ND协议进行了裁减,并进行了相关测试.结果表明,通过该协议栈将嵌入式设备接入Internet的方法,使得IPv6协议在嵌入式低端应用领域的普及成为可能.     

洗出滤波算法在飞行模拟器中的应用

介绍了六自由度运动平台的洗出滤波算法及其在飞行器地面滑跑阶段的实现。根据飞行仿真模块的输出,通过坐标变换、比例限制、信号洗出和滤波等,形成运动平台的驱动信号。该算法在不增加系统硬件的前提下,充分利用液压缸现有行程,逼真地模拟飞机俯仰、滚转、偏航、升降、纵向和侧向平移运动。     

Critical wake vortex encounter scenarios

A simulation-based method was developed to investigate the severity of Wake Vortex Encounters (WVEs). This paper describes an important part of this method: the determination of worst-case WVE conditions, which is referred to as Worst-Case Search (WCS). The WCS results permit to reduce time and costs of WVE severity related piloted simulator tests and allow the comparison of the hazard that vortices of different generator aircraft exert on a follower aircraft.The WCS is based on a high fidelity, offline simulation of the follower aircraft that includes the interacting wake vortex, a hazard criterion that rates the severity of each WVE, and a pilot model. It can be formulated as an optimisation problem that is solved with the optimisation tool MOPS (Multi Objective Parameter Synthesis). MOPS varies the encounter geometry until the simulation yields maximum values of the WVE hazard criterion.Worst-case encounter conditions for different parameters were investigated and sensitivity studies performed. The influence of the height above ground, the core radius, and the models for the wake vortex velocity profiles on the severity of a WVE was examined. To show the capability of the method, a comparison of the severity of a WVE behind two different heavy transport aircraft for a 20 t aircraft was made. The WCS method demonstrated its applicability and delivered the worst-case encounter geometry.

Zusammenfassung

Zur Untersuchung der Heftigkeit von Wirbelschleppen wurde eine simulationsbasierte Methode entwickelt. Dieser Beitrag beschreibt einen wichtigen Bestandteil dieser Methode: die Bestimmung der ungünstigsten (worst case) Einflugbedingungen in die Wirbelschleppe. Die Kenntnis dieser Bedingungen gestattet eine Zeit- und Kostenreduzierung bei wirbelschleppenbezogenen Simulatorversuchen mit Piloten und ermöglicht gleichzeitig einen Vergleich der vom Wirbel ausgehgehenden Gefährdung für verschiedene Kombinationen voraus- und einfliegender Flugzeuge.Die Worst-Case-Bedingungen werden mit einer Offline-Simulation des Folgeflugzeugs bestimmt, die Modelle für die Wechselwirkung mit der Wirbelschleppe und für das Pilotenverhalten sowie Kriterien für die Gefährdung durch den Wirbel umfasst. Für die Steuerung der Simulation und die Worst-Case-Suche wird die Optimierungssoftware MOPS (Multi Objective Parameter Synthesis) verwendet. MOPS variiert die Geometrie des Wirbelschleppendurchflugs bis die Simulation die maximalen Kriterienwerte für die Gefährdung durch den Wirbel liefert.Die Worst-Case-Bedingungen wurden für unterschiedliche Parameter untersucht. Der Einfluss der Höhe über Grund, des Kernradius' und der unterschiedlichen Modelle für das Wirbelgeschwindigkeitsprofil auf die von den Wirbelschleppen ausgehenden Gefährdung wurde dabei ermittelt. Um die Leistungsfähigkeit der Methode zu demonstrieren, wurde die Gefährdung von Wirbelschleppen zweier generierender Flugzeuge (heavy class) auf ein nachfolgendes 20 t Transportflugzeug verglichen. Die Anwendbarkeit der Methode wurde bestätigt und die ungünstigsten Einflugbedingungen berechnet.     

Predictive fault-tolerant control of an all-thruster satellite in 6-DOF motion via neural network model updating

The problem of controlling an all-thruster spacecraft in the coupled translational-rotational motion in presence of actuators fault and/or failure is investigated in this paper. The nonlinear model predictive control approach is used because of its ability to predict the future behavior of the system. The fault/failure of the thrusters changes the mapping between the commanded forces to the thrusters and actual force/torque generated by the thruster system. Thus, the basic six degree-of-freedom kinetic equations are separated from this mapping and a set of neural networks are trained off-line to learn the kinetic equations. Then, two neural networks are attached to these trained networks in order to learn the thruster commands to force/torque mappings on-line. Different off-nominal conditions are modeled so that neural networks can detect any failure and fault, including scale factor and misalignment of thrusters. A simple model of the spacecraft relative motion is used in MPC to decrease the computational burden. However, a precise model by the means of orbit propagation including different types of perturbation is utilized to evaluate the usefulness of the proposed approach in actual conditions. The numerical simulation shows that this method can successfully control the all-thruster spacecraft with ON-OFF thrusters in different combinations of thruster fault and/or failure.     

Improvement of forebody/inlet integration for hypersonic vehicle

Results of a numerical (CFD) study of the influence of the forebody shape on local flow parameters at a bottom-mounted inlet entrance are presented. The free-stream Mach number is assumed to be 3.5–7.0. Some recommendations on forebody shape optimization are provided. Main characteristics of the air inlet are evaluated.     

钛合金六角头螺栓头部成形过程的有限元分析

航空用螺栓的头部多样、形状复杂,通常情况下利用镦锻工艺成形。研究采用塑性成形仿真软件,针对Ti-6Al-4V六角头螺栓的头部成形过程进行了有限元模拟,对成形各阶段的应力、应变、温度变化以及材料流动情况进行了分析,同时对成形过程中的缺陷进行了预测,为工艺设计和改进提供了依据。     

Surface Recrystallization in Nickel Base Single Crystal Superalloy DD6

The samples of single crystal superalloy DD6 are grit blasted and then heat treated either with the standard heat treatment procedure or in the temperature range of 1 000-1 250 °C for 4-16 h at vacuum atmosphere, then the recrystallization behavior of DD6 alloy is investigated. The results show that the equiaxed recrystallization grains form in the γ phase region where the as-cast γ′ phases have been dissolved completely, and cellular recrystallization forms in the region where the as-cast γ′ phases have been dissolved partially. The cellular recrystallization area consists of cellular grains, and the cellular grain consists of cubic γ′ phase, lamellar γ′ phase and γ+γ′ The coexistence of the equiaxed recrystallization zones and cellular recrystallization zones is a recrystallized characteristic of the cold worked single crystal samples which are heat treated at a temperature lower than the solution temperature. When the heating temperature is higher than 1 150 °C, with the increase of heat treating temperature, the equiaxed recrystallization zone expands, whereas the cellular recrystallization zone shrinks. All the deformed regions are consumed by equiaxed recrystallization after annealing at solution temperature.