压电陶瓷用于纳米定位系统的研究

压电陶瓷PZT用于纳米定位系统的研究，给出了一种二维纳米定位机构和有效消除压电陶瓷压电误差的方法，设计了闭环数字控制系统．实验表明：该定位系统行程10μm,定位精度10nm，定位分辨率达2nm．     

懂理论,会动手-新型高职高专人才培养的思考与实践

近几年来,关于高职高专人才培养模式改革的讨论,国内专家学者及各个高职高专学校,在理论上和实践中,提出了许多有开创性建议和有价值的方案.趋于一致的认识是,高职高专教育必须从过去专业学科本位转向岗位能力本位,高职高专培养的人才应该是适应社会经济发展需要的生产第一线的应用性人才.     

视觉及其融合惯性的SLAM技术发展综述

当前视觉同时定位与建图（Simultaneous localization and mapping,SLAM）技术已经成为导航定位领域重要的导航方式之一。为提升视觉SLAM全天候多场景的综合性能,融合多种信息的视觉SLAM技术得到了快速发展。本文系统综述了近年国内外视觉SLAM的研究成果。首先归纳整理了视觉及视觉/惯性SLAM中的前端里程计、后端优化、回环检测和地图构建关键环节。在纯视觉SLAM技术分析方面,围绕传统基于几何变换和现代基于深度学习的两大类视觉SLAM方法开展讨论,并梳理了相关具有代表性的视觉SLAM技术。在详细阐述视觉/惯性组合导航的多信息融合SLAM方法基础上,分析了近年基于异源图像的视觉及其与惯性组合的SLAM导航技术进展。最后对视觉SLAM的未来发展方向进行了针对性展望。     

基于工业机器人的机身系统件定位方法研究

针对传统系统件安装工艺采用固定式定位工装导致装配系统开敞性差、柔性程度低的问题,提出了基于工业机器人的机身系统件定位方法,确定了系统件辅助定位工装的标定方法,基于奇异值分解法和位姿等价变换原理确定了工业机器人的位姿调整算法,最后通过系统件辅助定位工装定位试验得出了系统件的定位精度。     

Accurate single-observer passive coherent location estimation based on TDOA and DOA

This paper investigates the problem of target position estimation with a single-observer passive coherent location(PCL) system. An approach that combines angle with time difference of arrival(ATDOA) is used to estimate the location of a target. Compared with the TDOA-only method which needs two steps, the proposed method estimates the target position more directly. The constrained total least squares(CTLS) technique is applied in this approach. It achieves the Cramer–Rao lower bound(CRLB) when the parameter measurements are subject to small Gaussian-distributed errors. Performance analysis and the CRLB of this approach are also studied. Theory verifies that the ATDOA method gets a lower CRLB than the TDOA-only method with the same TDOA measuring error. It can also be seen that the position of the target affects estimating precision.At the same time, the locations of transmitters affect the precision and its gradient direction.Compared with the TDOA, the ATDOA method can obtain more precise target position estimation.Furthermore, the proposed method accomplishes target position estimation with a single transmitter,while the TDOA-only method needs at least four transmitters to get the target position. Furthermore,the transmitters' position errors also affect precision of estimation regularly.     

Coordinated target localization base on pseudo measurement for clustered space robot

This paper presents a coordinated target localization method for clustered space robot.According to the different measuring capabilities of cluster members,the master-slave coordinated relative navigation strategy for target localization with respect to slavery space robots is proposed;then the basic mathematical models,including coordinated relative measurement model and cluster centralized dynamics,are established respectively.By employing the linear Kalman flter theorem,the centralized estimator based on truth measurements is developed and analyzed frstly,and with an intention to inhabit the initial uncertainties related to target localization,the globally stabilized estimator is designed through introduction of pseudo measurements.Furthermore,the observability and controllability of stochastic system are also analyzed to qualitatively evaluate the convergence performance of pseudo measurement estimator.Finally,on-orbit target approaching scenario is simulated by using semi-physical simulation system,which is used to verify the convergence performance of proposed estimator.During the simulation,both the known and unknown maneuvering acceleration cases are considered to demonstrate the robustness of coordinated localization strategy.     

传感器参数误差下的运动目标TDOA/FDOA无源定位算法

在运动目标无源定位系统中，许多算法的前提是精确已知传感器的位置以及速度，但实际情况下可利用的传感器的参数均会存在一些噪声扰动。针对这一问题，提出一种改进的两步加权最小二乘（TSWLS）时差（TDOA）与频差（FDOA）定位算法。该算法是一种闭式算法并且分为2步。第1步与经典的两步加权最小二乘算法相同，第2步进一步研究了额外变量与目标参数之间的关系并且建立了新的矩阵方程。随后，利用加权最小二乘技术给出了最终解。理论分析证明了在测量噪声较小时该算法能够达到克拉美罗界（CRLB）。所提算法具有计算复杂度低，实时性高的优点；另外，经过适当的维度调整，该算法同样适用于对多非相交源进行定位求解。计算机仿真进一步证明了理论分析的正确性。     

基于相位偏差的实时PPP模糊度固定

采用CNES发布的实时相位偏差数据，实现包含模糊度固定的实时精密单点定位.对全球10个IGS测站10天观测数据进行RTPPP解算，分别统计模糊度首次固定时间和定位精度，结果显示利用实时相位偏差数据能在平均30min内实现模糊度首次固定，模糊度固定时水平位置误差由6cm迅速降低至2cm左右，三维位置误差由10cm迅速降低至5cm左右，同时RTPPP模糊度固定在3h观测内可保持水平3cm、三维5cm左右的定位精度.通过分析得出，基于相位偏差的RTPPP模糊度固定技术具有较高的定位精度和定位稳定性，能够快速实现cm级定位.