“宇宙神”-5运载火箭进入发射前的起竖吊装阶段

2013年10月11日,联合发射同盟（ULA）开始着手起竖吊装用于执行NASA的火星大气与挥发演化（MAVEN）探测器发射任务的“宇宙神”-5运载火箭。该火箭将于2013年11月执行发射任务,发射后,MAVEN火星探测器将历经10个月的飞行时间进入绕火星轨道,以破译火星这个红色星球空气越来越稀薄的原因。     

中高轨道卫星离轨参数研究

介绍了国际上对卫星离轨的处置政策以及美国NASA对GPS卫星离轨参数的研究结论。从确保卫星离轨期间以及离轨后与相邻轨道卫星不发生碰撞的角度出发,针对我国中高轨道运行的卫星,按照不同初始轨道参数对卫星离轨后长达200年的时间内各轨道参数的演化情况进行研究,研究结果表明:卫星离轨的近地点幅角初值的选取与升交点赤经密切相关。最后提出了对我国中高轨道卫星离轨高度、偏心率和近地点辐角等参数的选取建议,希望能为到达寿命末期的中高轨道卫星离轨工作提供参考。     

变形飞行器建模及控制方法研究综述

针对变形飞行器的发展现状、气动建模、动力学建模以及控制方法研究进行了综述。首先阐述了变形飞行器的定义及变形需求,再从四个方面梳理了变形飞行器的技术优势。针对不同的机翼变形方式,对飞行器各种变形技术的特点及发展现状进行了详细的分析与总结;将变形飞行器与固定外形飞行器的气动机理进行了对比分析,并对变形飞行器的动力学建模方法进行了梳理,总结了各种方法的特点;结合变形飞行器自身特性分析了飞行控制的特点及难点,并详细阐述了各类变形飞行器的控制研究进展。最后总结分析了变形飞行器的发展趋势：深化基础理论与技术研究,从材料、结构及控制等领域全方面朝着智能化方向发展,最终实现变形飞行器的工程化、自主化、智能化应用。     

迎角受限的高超声速飞行器固定时间鲁棒控制

针对高超声速飞行器动力学模型强耦合、非对称时变迎角限制、气动参数高度不确定以及跟踪误差收敛速率要求高等问题,设计了一种考虑非对称时变迎角限制的高超声速飞行器固定时间非奇异切换控制策略。为了解决非对称时变迎角限制问题,首先限制迎角虚拟控制器的幅值并设计固定时间误差补偿系统补偿迎角虚拟控制器饱和带来的不利影响,然后设计了一种新的光滑切换的非对称时变障碍函数限制迎角跟踪误差,从而使迎角满足非对称时变限制。光滑切换技术以及固定时间收敛技术也应用于其他虚拟控制律和实际控制律的设计中,以避免奇异值问题并且保证闭环系统的固定时间稳定。此外,设计了一种固定时间稳定的鲁棒补偿器用以补偿系统不确定性带来的不利影响。严格的数学推导证明了本文方法的正确性,仿真结果验证了本文方法的有效性和优越性。     

自由返回轨道的P平面参数快速设计方法

针对自由返回轨道求解过程中地心轨道类型变化造成的B平面参数方法计算失败问题,提出一种基于P平面参数的自由返回轨道快速设计方法。首先,基于轨道半通径参数的普适性,给出了不同轨道类型的P平面参数定义,建立了以P平面参数为求解目标量的自由返回轨道求解模型。其次,给出了基于P平面参数的自由返回轨道快速设计方法,在构建的瞬时地月惯性系下,以平面双二体自由返回轨道作为初值,实现了高精度力模型下的自由返回轨道快速求解。对8种构型自由返回轨道的设计结果表明,P平面参数具有类似于B平面参数的大收敛域,且有效解决了轨道类型变化对计算的影响,可直接应用于中国后续月球探测任务轨道设计。     

亚轨道可重复使用飞行器(SRLV)气动布局优化方法研究

亚轨道可重复使用飞行器(SRLV)要求具备良好的全速域、宽空域可控飞行能力,大范围机动能力和水平着陆能力,所涉及的气动问题几乎包括了从低速到高超声速空气动力学和稀薄气体动力学的各个领域,因此满足飞行任务的先进气动布局是SRLV设计的核心技术之一。本文针对这一复杂气动问题,采用基于Kriging响应面方法的优化方法对气动布局开展了工程约束条件下的优化研究工作,获得了满足设计要求的气动外形,可应用于工程设计,提高设计效率。     

基于高效数值方法的一种高超声速飞行器外形气动力/热综合优化设计研究

基于所发展的高效气动力/热快速预测方法,建立了适用于高超声速飞行器的综合考虑气动力与气动热特性的外形优化设计技术,并在一种高超声速飞行器外形设计中应用,通过优化设计改变了初始外形纵向静不稳定特性,优化后外形实现了纵向静稳定、大攻角自配平和非驻点表面最大热流下降的设计目标。所发展的方法为适应气动外形快速选型设计需求提供了有效的途径。     

Singular formalism and admissible control of spacecraft with rotating flexible solar array

This paper is concerned with the attitude control of a three-axis-stabilized spacecraft which consists of a central rigid body and a flexible sun-tracking solar array driven by a solar array drive assembly. Based on the linearization of the dynamics of the spacecraft and the modal identi- ties about the flexible and rigid coupling matrices, the spacecraft attitude dynamics is reduced to a formally singular system with periodically varying parameters, which is quite different from a space- craft with fixed appendages. In the framework of the singular control theory, the regularity and impulse-freeness of the singular system is analyzed and then admissible attitude controllers are designed by Lyapunov＇s method. To improve the robustness against system uncertainties, an H∞ optimal control is designed by optimizing the H∞ norm of the system transfer function matrix. Comparative numerical experiments are performed to verify the theoretical results.     

Sliding mode control based guidance law with impact angle constraint

The terminal guidance problem for an unpowered lifting reentry vehicle against a sta- tionary target is considered. In addition to attacking the target with high accuracy, the vehicle is also expected to achieve a desired impact angle. In this paper, a sliding mode control （SMC）-based guidance law is developed to satisfy the terminal angle constraint. Firstly, a specific sliding mode function is designed, and the terminal requirements can be achieved by enforcing both the sliding mode function and its derivative to zero at the end of the flight. Then, a backstepping approach is used to ensure the finite-time reaching phase of the sliding mode and the analytic expression of the control effort can be obtained. The trajectories generated by this method only depend on the initial and terminal conditions of the terminal phase and the instantaneous states of the vehicle. In order to test the performance of the proposed guidance law in practical application, numerical simulations are carried out by taking all the aerodynamic parameters into consideration. The effec- tiveness of the proposed guidance law is verified by the simulation results in various scenarios.     

Optimization of beamforming and path planning for UAV-assisted wireless relay networks

Recently, unmanned aerial vehicles （UAVs） acting as relay platforms have attracted considerable attention due to the advantages of extending coverage and improving connectivity for long-range communications. Specifically, in the scenario where the access point （AP） is mobile, a UAV needs to find an efficient path to guarantee the connectivity of the relay link. Motivated by this fact, this paper proposes an optimal design for beamforming （BF） and UAV path planning. First of all, we study a dual-hop amplify-and-forward （AF） wireless relay network, in which a UAV is used as relay between a mobile AP and a fixed base station （BS）. In the network, both of the AP and the BS are equipped with multiple antennas, whereas the UAV has a single antenna. Then, we obtain the output signal~to-noise ratio （SNR） of the dual-hop relay network. Based on the criterion of maximizing the output SNR, we develop an optimal design to obtain the solution of the optimal BF weight vector and the UAV heading angle. Next, we derive the closed-form outage probability （OP） expression to investigate the performance of the dual-hop relay network conveniently. Finally, computer simulations show that the proposed approach can obtain nearly optimal flying path and OP performance, indicating the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. Furthermore, we find that increasing the antenna number at the BS or the maximal heading angle can significantly improve the performance of the considered relay network.