羽流问题研究概况

概要介绍了羽流研究的目的和意义，羽流研究的方法及国内外羽流研究的现状，阐明了用数值模拟的方法研究羽流问题的必要性和迫切性。     

矩形燃烧室试件中双旋流空气雾化喷嘴燃油分布实验研究

对装有 3个双旋流气动雾化喷嘴的矩形燃烧室试件 ,在头部流场测出的情况下 ,用燃气分析技术对燃油分布进行实验研究。实验结果表明 ,在回流区以及两个喷嘴之间的区域局部油气比很高但燃油质量流量低 ;而在主流区内的局部油气比接近恰当比但燃油质量流量高。这个结果对进一步研制该型发动机的主燃室有参考意义     

超声三速角翼背风区旋涡运动的数值模拟

本文采用杂交通量分裂的ＮＮＤ格式模拟了Ｍ∞＝１．９５、Ｒｅ＝９．５×１０５，α＝１０°、２０°的三角翼绕流流场，结果揭示了超声速旋涡沿其自身轴线的发展规律，当旋涡轴向速度为超声速且处于顺压区时，涡轴附近的横截面流线向外转，而由机翼前缘尖点处发出的截面流线向内卷，它们之间存在极限环。数值结果与张涵信的拓扑分析结果完全一致。     

直背式轿车起动过程中气动现象的研究

用计算流体力学方法对直背式轿车起动过程中的非定常外流场进行了数值模拟,采用k-ε湍流模型及一阶迎风格式计算出两种加速度下气动阻力和阻力系数.结果表明起动过程中气动阻力有较为显著的增加,并在起动后很短时间内达最大值.当汽车行驶平稳时,阻力趋于某一定值.阻力系数在起动过程中急速下降,起动结束后变化平缓,也趋于某一定值.起动过程中,车尾部逐渐形成旋涡,汽车头尾部压差逐渐变大,行驶平稳后,压差变小.      

发动机进口附面层测量试验与数值模拟

以某型涡扇发动机科研试飞为平台,设计搭建发动机附面层测量试验系统,进行了多种飞行工况及涡扇发动机工作状态下的附面层测量试验。通过试验数据分析和研究,评估了各计算参数对涡扇发动机进口附面层厚度的影响。建立三维数值模型,计算了相应工况下的附面层特性,计算数据与试验数据吻合良好。研究结果表明:随着发动机状态的增大,进气道出口的附面层物理厚度增大、附面层位移厚度减小,附面层对空气流通能力的影响降低。     

低背鳍对细长平板三角翼分离涡稳定性影响的研究

对细长锥体分离涡稳定性判据进行了介绍,并应用该判据对细长体平板三角翼和加上两个不同高度背鳍组合体分离涡流场的稳定性进行了分析。为了验证理论分析的有效性,并观察气动力随迎角的变化,根据理论分析模型设计了实验模型,并在低速风洞进行了六分量天平测力实验,三角翼后掠角为82．5°,实验迎角范围12°～32°,侧滑角范围-10°～＋10°,实验雷诺数1．66×106。实验结果表明：在翼面上发生旋涡破裂前,单独细长平板三角翼的横向力／力矩在实验迎角范围内始终为零;加了两个不同高度的背鳍后,在一定迎角下,三角翼的横向力／力矩变得不为零。理论分析结果和实验结果在定性上吻合得很好,初步验证了有关文献关于细长锥体分离涡的稳定性理论。     

Experimental investigation on SPS casing treatment with bias flow

Generally, casing treatment（CT） is a passivity method to enhance the stall margin of fan/compressor. A novel casing treatment based on the small disturbance theory and vortex and wave interaction suggestion is a method combining passive control and active control, which has been proved effective at enhancing the stall margin of fan/compressor in experiment. In order to investigate the mechanism of this kind of casing treatment, an experimental investigation of a stall precursor-suppressed（SPS） casing treatment with air suction or blowing air is conducted in the present paper. The SPS casing treatment is designed to suppressing stall precursors to realize stall margin enhancement in turbomachinery. The experimental results show that the casing treatment with blowing air of small quantity can improve the stall margin by about 8% with about 1% efficiency loss. By contrast, the SPS casing treatment with micro-bias flow does not improve the stall margin much more than that without bias flow, even worse. Meanwhile, the present investigation has also attempted to reveal the mechanism of stall margin improvement with the casing treatment.It is found that the stall margin improvements vary with the modification of the unsteady shedding flow and the unsteady wall boundary impedance. The experimental results agree fairly well with the theoretical prediction using a flow stability model of rotating stall.     

Topology optimization of compliant adaptive wing leading edge with composite materials

An approach for designing the compliant adaptive wing leading edge with composite material is proposed based on the topology optimization. Firstly, an equivalent constitutive relationship of laminated glass fiber reinforced epoxy composite plates has been built based on the symmetric laminated plate theory. Then, an optimization objective function of compliant adaptive wing leading edge was used to minimize the least square error（LSE） between deformed curve and desired aerodynamics shape. After that, the topology structures of wing leading edge of different glass fiber ply-orientations were obtained by using the solid isotropic material with penalization（SIMP） model and sensitivity filtering technique. The desired aerodynamics shape of compliant adaptive wing leading edge was obtained based on the proposed approach. The topology structures of wing leading edge depend on the glass fiber ply-orientation. Finally, the corresponding morphing experiment of compliant wing leading edge with composite materials was implemented, which verified the morphing capability of topology structure and illustrated the feasibility for designing compliant wing leading edge. The present paper lays the basis of ply-orientation optimization for compliant adaptive wing leading edge in unmanned aerial vehicle（UAV） field.     

紧凑式换热器全高度传热特性研究

发展了可工程应用的紧凑式换热器传热模型,从三个层次对换热器进行讨论。针对空气循环制冷系统中的换热器,分析了二轮低压除水和二轮高压除水空气循环制冷系统中换热器的传热特性,计算结果与试验数据符合良好。该方法利用较少的实验数据即可得到全高度特性,不仅满足工程计算的要求,而且为评估换热器性能提供了理论依据。     

波瓣型燃气/空气混合装置的设计与模拟

空气涡轮火箭或涡轮基组合冲压发动机中,混合装置对于提高燃烧效率具有重要的作用。为了提高燃气与空气的混合效率,针对波瓣型混合器提出了混合器出口轴向速度一致的原则来指导设计混合器。设计了两种不同类型的波瓣型混合器,并通过数值模拟分析了混合器出口截面形式和中心体端面对混合效率的影响。结果表明:混合器燃气与空气出口截面的面积比是波瓣型混合器设计的关键因素,恰当调整出口面积比使出口速度接近可以明显提高混合效率;中心体截面缩进和凸出会使混合效率降低。