飞行模拟器数字式操纵负荷系统的仿真及实现

飞行模拟器是典型的人在回路实时仿真系统,是虚拟现实技术的应用实例.操纵负荷系统是飞行模拟器的重要组成部分,它是向飞行员提供操纵力的人感系统,同时还要完成操纵面偏角的实时计算.本文着重介绍操纵杆力、舵偏角的建模方法,以及数字式操纵负荷系统的仿真方案.     

无人机舵回路及其新型控制策略设计和应用

以无人直升机飞行控制系统研制实际需要为背景,运用高集成AVR单片机设计了数字式舵回路控制器,根据嵌入式计算机系统实现舵回路控制律要求,设计并实现了舵回路数字式控制律.采用变参数调节控制律可使舵回路控制性能达到理想状态,有效避免了系统超调和积分饱和.舵回路控制参数的在线调整,实现了不同被控对象/不同状态的有效控制,拓展了数字式舵回路的适用场合.在综合汲取伺服电机调制模式基础上,提出了复合PWM模式和"极性比"概念,实现了数字式舵回路低功耗之目的.文中给出了部分试验结果和应用实例.结果表明,所设计的低功耗数字式舵回路是成功的,该舵回路不但功耗低,体积小,而且抗干扰能力强.     

气动谐振加热效应的数值模拟

为研究谐振管内部的流动情况,建立了喷嘴-圆柱形谐振管系统的模型,利用二阶NND格式求解二维轴对称雷诺平均N-S方程,通过耦合求解传热方程在边界条件中考虑谐振管的传热,模拟气动谐振加热效应,得到了谐振管底部气体的压力与温度振荡曲线,计算结果与实验结果较为一致.结果表明,在约20 ms内即可完成对谐振管底部气体的谐振加热,且谐振管的传热是影响气动谐振加热温度的重要因素,在数值模拟中对其加以考虑可以提高计算准确性.      

舵机反操纵负载台设计

反操纵气动力加载设备,技术关键在于加载强度大,对称性与线性度要求高,加载元件小巧.通过引用机器人的平衡技术,解决了上述技术关键.设计出了我国第一台模拟舵机反操纵加载的试验台.      

高低温环境模拟系统MATLAB仿真研究

在MATLAB仿真软件平台上,针对高低温环境模拟系统,首先以建立系统动态仿真模型为目的,以单个设备为基本模块,以状态、质量连续、能量守恒、动量守恒等方程为基础,以MS-Function函数与封装模块为基本方法,建立了高低温环境模拟系统MATLAB仿真模型库,然后在此基础上搭建了实际系统仿真模型,最后采用MATLAB图形窗口、ActiveX数据传输技术相结合的设计方法开发了系统仿真应用软件.实践证明该方法效率高,仿真研究及所开发的系统仿真软件都具有较好的扩展性和延续性.      

后掠翼对细长体中段大迎角绕流的影响

采用在细长体顶点处添加扰动块的方式使细长体的绕流具有确定性.研究了在大迎角下,后 掠翼对细长体绕流结构和气动力特性的影响.实验结果表明,在30°迎角时,细长体中段背 风侧的流动和压力分布受到后掠翼与头部背涡的双重控制.在迎角α=40°~60°范围内 , 后掠翼对细长体中段绕流起主控作用,使细长体中段背风侧流动呈现完全分离流状态,使得 中段背风侧的压力分布保持为均值.      

采用GPS或INS／运动方程确定气动力变轨段导航信息

基于航天器气动力辅助变轨的基准飞行轨道,提出采用ＧＰＳ（或ＩＮＳ）／运动方程来确定航天器的六自由度导航信息。采用航天器高超音速空气动力的近似计算公式,导出了ＧＰＳ（或ＩＮＳ）／运动方程导航方案的滤波方程、观测方程等。数字仿真表明,ＧＰＳ（或ＩＮＳ）／运动方程导航方案的精度高于ＧＰＳ或ＩＮＳ,而且较单纯的ＧＰＳ或ＩＮＳ增加了导航信息冗余度。     

WAKE GEOMETRY CALCULATIONS FOR TILT-ROTOR USING VISCOUS VORTEX METHOD

A tilt-rotor unsteady flow analytical method has been developed based upon viscous vortex-particle meth- od. In this method, the vorticity field is divided into small assembled vortex particles. Vortex motion and diffusion are obtained by solving the velocity-vorticity-formed incompressible Navier-Stokes equations using a grid-free La- grangian simulation method. Generation of the newly vortex particles is calculated by using the Weissinger-L lifting surface model. Furthermore, in order to significantly improve computational efficiency, a fast multiple method （FMM） is introduced into the calculation of induced velocity and its gradient. Finally, the joint vertical experimen- tal （JVX） tilt-rotor is taken as numerical examples to analyze. The wake geometry and downwash are investigated for both hover and airplane modes. The proposed method for tilt-rotor flow analysis is verified by comparing its re- sults with those available measured data. Comparison indicates that the current method can accurately capture the complicated tilt-rotor wake variation and be suitable for aerodynamic interaction simulation in complex environ- ments. Additionally, the aerodynamic interactional characteristics of dual-rotor wake are discussed in different ro- tor distance. Results show that there are significant differences on interactional characteristics between hover mode and airplane mode.     

SIMULATION OF COMPOSITE NON-LINEAR MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF CMCS BY FEM-BASED MULTI- SCALE APPROACH

The non-linear behavior of continuous fiber reinforced C/SiC ceramic matrix composites （CMCs） under tensile loading is modeled by three-dimensional representative volume element （RVE） models of the composite. The theoretical background of the multi-scale approach solved by the finite element method （FEM） is recalled first- ly. Then the geometric characters of three kinds of damage mechanisms, i.e. micro matrix cracks, fiber/matrix interface debonding and fiber fracture, are studied. Three kinds of RVE are proposed to model the microstructure of C/SiC with above damage mechanisms respectively. The matrix cracking is modeled by critical matrix strain en- ergy （CMSE） principle while a maximum shear stress criterion is used for modeling fiber/matrix interface debond- ing. The behavior of fiber fracture is modeled by the famous Weibull statistic theory. A numerical example of con- tinuous fiber reinforced C/SiC composite under tensile loading is performed. The results show that the stress/ strain curve predicted by the developed model agrees with experimental data.