一种基于历史标校数据的移相值预测方法

地面测控设备在执行测控任务前,需要对和差接收通道的相位差进行标校(简称校相),以满足测角分系统的目标自跟踪要求.针对因标校设备故障而无法进行校相的问题,通过使用数理统计的多元回归分析方法,对积累的历史标校数据进行分析,确定了设备工作的环境温度对跟踪接收机移相值有显著影响.在此基础上,利用滑动窗口多项式拟合方法得到拟合移相值,并与最近一次的标校移相值进行时变加权,可以得到基于历史标校数据的移相值预测方法.仿真试验表明该方法具有较好的预测精度,可将预测移相值作为跟踪接收机参数,提高测控设备应急测控能力.     

基于自然激励技术的颤振边界预测

为了预测紊流激励条件下机翼的颤振边界,基于自然激励技术提取紊流响应的自由衰减信号,采用矩阵束方法识别模态参数,最后通过Z-W(Zimmerman-Weissenburger)方法计算稳定性判据,拟合判据变化曲线并外推颤振边界.对平板机翼模型进行了数值仿真分析,对单独机翼模型风洞颤振试验数据进行了计算.结果表明:采用自然激励技术与矩阵束方法能够较准确地识别紊流激励响应的模态参数,频率识别误差小于6％,阻尼比识别误差小于30％,结合Z-W方法能够在较低风速较早地预测颤振边界,有助于提高试验的安全性.     

基于确定学习理论的轴流压气机系统分岔预测

针对轴流压气机系统中的分岔预测问题,基于简化的Moore-Greitzer 3阶压气机模型,分析了该系统中存在的分岔现象;利用最新发展的确定学习理论,对压气机系统随着γ参数变化出现的几种典型模态的相关系统动态进行辨识,并将所学知识保存成常值RBF神经网络以构成模式库;利用该模式库构建1组嵌入了常值RBF神经网络的动态估计器;将测试模式与估计器相比,得到1组残差,并利用动态模式识别方法的残差最小原则实现了对Pitchfork分岔的预测。     

CHZ型重力仪重力测量伺服回路的分频段控制方案

针对原有CHZ型海洋重力仪重力测量伺服回路PI控制模型的不足,提出对强扰动频段(海浪频率)用一个独立反馈回路进行抑制衰减的方案,并进行了理论分析和建模仿真,表明该方案可将海浪对采样质量的扰动幅度降低50％以上,并提高重力测量带宽一个量级,因此可改善重力仪在恶劣海况下的工作性能,改善测量中的非线性效应.     

基于速度剖面拟合的航空器场面滑行4D轨迹预测

为提高机场的整体运行效率和综合保障能力,提出了一种基于速度剖面拟合的航空器场面滑行4D轨迹预测方法。构建了航空器的滑行动态模型,进而引入标称速度剖面的概念。将DSW算法应用到速度剖面的拟合中,得出一种标称速度剖面的生成方法,并通过建立平均速度修正参数修正不同机型对滑行速度的影响,基于动力学平衡方程,构造了标称速度到瞬时速度的映射,结合BADA数据实现对瞬时速度的修正。在上述分析的基础上得到航空器场面滑行4D轨迹预测模型。案例表明,与基于动力学的方法相比计算结果更加准确,使平均误差降低47．3％,能够有效地预测航空器的4 D轨迹。     

基于约束预测控制的飞行失控包线保护研究

风切变等大气扰动现象严重威胁飞机起降飞行安全。在受到随机风切变干扰下,离线设计的最优控制器无法保证飞行状态始终处在正常包线内。在大型民机线性变参数模型的基础上,从预防飞行失控的角度研究风切变下飞机进场着陆的预测控制方法。将飞行失控包线量化为状态约束,在此基础上设计在线模型预测控制器。仿真结果表明,利用预测控制的滚动优化策略,可使飞机在进场下滑阶段遭遇风切变时进行良好的下滑道捕获和跟踪,且将飞机状态始终约束在安全包线内。     

一种减少失速保护虚警率的混合滤波方法

针对飞机失速保护设计过程中易出现虚警的情况,提出一种基于FIR和传统滤波器相结合的混合滤波方法。结合飞机本体的运动特征,对参与失速保护逻辑运算的两个重要参数,即侧向加速度和迎角信号进行频率分析,基于信号的特征设计混合滤波器,然后采用Simulink滤波工具箱设计滤波器对信号进行滤波处理。仿真结果表明该方法能够减少虚警率的发生,特别是大背景噪声下的虚警率能够得到较好抑制,验证了滤波器设计正确性,从而提高失速保护功能对适航条款符合性。该滤波器设计方法,不但可以有效解决本文提到的问题,对于其他涉及信号处理的系统设计同样具有借鉴意义。     

Numerical analysis and optimization of boundary layer suction on airfoils

Numerical approach of hybrid laminar flow control(HLFC) is investigated for the suction hole with a width between 0.5 mm and 7 mm. The accuracy of Menter and Langtry’s transition model applied for simulating the flow with boundary layer suction is validated. The experiment data are compared with the computational results. The solutions show that this transition model can predict the transition position with suction control accurately. A well designed laminar airfoil is selected in the present research. For suction control with a single hole, the physical mechanism of suction control, including the impact of suction coefficient and the width and position of the suction hole on control results, is analyzed. The single hole simulation results indicate that it is favorable for transition delay and drag reduction to increase the suction coefficient and set the hole position closer to the trailing edge properly. The modified radial basis function(RBF) neural network and the modified differential evolution algorithm are used to optimize the design for suction control with three holes. The design variables are suction coefficient, hole width, hole position and hole spacing. The optimization target is to obtain the minimum drag coefficient. After optimization,the transition delay can be up to 17% and the aerodynamic drag coefficient can decrease by 12.1%.     

Specific grinding energy and surface roughness of nanoparticle jet minimum quantity lubrication in grinding

Nanoparticles with the anti-wear and friction reducing features were applied as cooling lubricant in the grinding fluid. Dry grinding, flood grinding, minimal quantity of lubrication（MQL）, and nanoparticle jet MQL were used in the grinding experiments. The specific grinding energy of dry grinding, flood grinding and MQL were 84, 29.8, 45.5 J/mm³, respectively. The specific grinding energy significantly decreased to 32.7 J/mm³ in nanoparticle MQL. Compared with dry grinding, the surface roughness values of flood grinding, MQL, and nanoparticle jet MQL were significantly reduced with the surface topography profile values reduced by 11%, 2.5%, and 10%,respectively, and the ten point height of microcosmic unflatness values reduced by 1.5%, 0.5%,and 1.3%, respectively. These results verified the satisfactory lubrication effects of nanoparticle MQL. MoS₂, carbon nanotube（CNT）, and ZrO₂ nanoparticles were also added in the grinding fluid of nanoparticle jet MQL to analyze their grinding surface lubrication effects. The specific grinding energy of MoS₂ nanoparticle was only 32.7 J/mm³, which was 8.22% and 10.39% lower than those of the other two nanoparticles. Moreover, the surface roughness of workpiece was also smaller with MoS₂ nanoparticle, which indicated its remarkable lubrication effects. Furthermore,the role of MoS₂ particles in the grinding surface lubrication at different nanoparticle volume concentrations was analyzed. MoS₂ volume concentrations of 1%, 2%, and 3% were used.Experimental results revealed that the specific grinding energy and the workpiece surface roughness initially increased and then decreased as MoS₂ nanoparticle volume concentration increased.Satisfactory grinding surface lubrication effects were obtained with 2% MoS₂ nanoparticle volume concentration.     

S形进气道锤击波荷载特性分析

利用基于改进的延迟分离涡模拟（IDDES）方法,对亚声速和超声速来流条件下某S形模型进气道进行了非定常计算,研究了发动机喘振所产生的瞬时高压波形对锤击波传播规律的影响.结果表明:锤击波产生后沿进气道迅速向前传播,运动过程中锤击波的运动速度基本保持不变,但强度不断增强.同时受气流离心力的影响,S形进气道弯曲段半径较大一侧壁面受到的锤击波气动荷载值更大.发动机喘振所产生的瞬时高压的加载梯度增加使得锤击波传播速度及强度增强,而压力卸载方式对锤击波强度的影响不明显.在亚声速和超声速来流条件下,增加瞬时高压峰值均使得锤击波荷载强度显著增强,并近似符合二次函数分布规律,而且超声速来流条件下锤击波强度较亚声速来流更强.