非线性负阻尼极限环型角位移振荡运动定量分析

从某飞行器两次飞行记录的俯仰角θ、偏航角Ψ观测值出发,分别采用对Van der Pol方程描述的θ和Ψ的角位移振荡运动微分方程进行气动参数辨识,和对观测值θ-狋、Ψ-t曲线的外包络线进行参数拟合两种分析方法,对该飞行器的角位移振荡运动特性进行了定量分析。两种分析方法取得了较为一致的结果,并证明该飞行器飞行中出现的锥形振荡运动是典型的非线性负阻尼极限环型的振荡运动,获得了非线性负阻尼极限环型气动阻尼力矩的典型表达式。分析结果表明非线性负阻尼极限环类型的气动阻尼能够导致飞行器出现动不稳定。     

欠频响压力探针测量压气机动态流场的结果分析

压气机内部流动具有很强的非定常特征,尤其是小尺寸发动机叶片通过频率高达30～80 kHz,而动态压力探针的响应频率只能与叶片通过频率相当,采用其测量不易获得具体的高频流场结构.为了研究这种欠频响情况下测得流场与真实流场的差异,以某低速压气机为对象进行了模拟研究.采用频响为420 Hz的动态压力探针及频响大干33 kHz的单斜丝热线探针,测量了叶片通过频率为303 Hz的转子出口流场.修正了动态压力探针的容腔效应对测得流场的影响,校验了在测试系统响应频率较低时,修正后流场与热线测得的参考流场之间的差异.对比结果表明:原始流场压力信号的部分频率成分产生了较大偏差,出口截面流场的周向位置有较大误差.经修正后,周向位置较为准确,泄漏堵塞区域形态以及强度都与参考流场的更为接近,但由于尾迹区存在部分高频,修正后结果与参考流场的差异仍较明显.     

Radical recombination in a hydrocarbon-fueled scramjet nozzle

To reveal the radical recombination process in the scramjet nozzle flow and study the effects of various factors of the recombination, weighted essentially non-oscillatory(WENO)schemes are applied to solve the decoupled two-dimensional Euler equations with chemical reactions to simulate the hydrocarbon-fueled scramjet nozzle flow. The accuracy of the numerical method is verified with the measurements obtained by a shock tunnel experiment. The overall model length is nearly 0.5 m, with inlet static temperatures ranging from 2000 K to 3000 K, inlet static pressures ranging from 75 k Pa to 175 k Pa, and inlet Mach numbers of 2.0 ± 0.4 are involved.The fraction Damkohler number is defined as functions of static temperature and pressure to analyze the radical recombination progresses. Preliminary results indicate that the energy releasing process depends on different chemical reaction processes and species group contributions. In hydrocarbon-fueled scramjet nozzle flow, reactions with H have the greatest contribution during the chemical equilibrium shift. The contrast and analysis of the simulation results show that the radical recombination processes influenced by inflow conditions and nozzle scales are consistent with Damkohler numbers and potential dissociation energy release. The increase of inlet static temperature improves both of them, thus making the chemical non-equilibrium effects on the nozzle performance more significant. While the increase of inlet static pressure improves the former one and reduces the latter, it exerts little influence on the chemical non-equilibrium effects.     

A seventh-order model for dynamic response of an electro-hydraulic servo valve

In this paper, taking two degrees of freedom on the armature–flapper assembly into account, a seventh-order model is deduced and proposed for the dynamic response of a two-stage electro-hydraulic servo valve from nonlinear equations. These deductions are based on fundamental laws of electromagnetism, fluid, and general mechanics. The coefficients of the proposed seventhorder model are derived in terms of servo valve physical parameters and fluid properties explicitly.For validating the results of the proposed model, an AMESim simulation model based on physical laws and the existing low-order models validated by other researchers through experiments are used to compare with the seventh-order model. The results show that the seventh-order model can reflect the physical behavior of the servo valve more explicitly than the existing low-order models and it could provide guidance more easily for a linear control design approach and sensitivity analysis than the AMESim simulation model.     

A-100钢电子束熔丝成形件超声相控阵检测应用初探

初步研究了超声相控阵检测技术在A-100钢电子束熔丝成形制件中的应用.结果表明:超声相控阵检测技术在A-100钢电子束熔丝成形制件微裂纹检测和大厚度制件检测中有较好的应用效果;与成形路径等因素相关的微观组织结构对检测技术的应用有较大影响;超声波入射方向和角度选择对微裂纹的识别非常关键;制件内部微裂纹存在与平行于逐层生长方向的某端面呈现小倾角或近似平行的断续拐弯状的分布趋势.     

数值法修正雷达高仰角动态滞后误差研究

脉冲雷达在高仰角跟踪过程中存在不容忽视的动态滞后误差,该类误差的存在严重影响到雷达数据处理和弹/轨道精密确定。目前外测数据处理领域采用的基于误差电压和定向灵敏度的动态滞后误差修正模型,修正效果不理想。本文提出了一种用数值法修正雷达高仰角动态滞后误差的方法,并用任务实测数据进行了模型验证,结果显示这种方法能有效地降低动态滞后引起的误差。     

小型无人直升机动力装置活塞发动机的动态效应

本文介绍了二冲程活塞发动机进、排气系统的动态效应的机理,分析了影响动态效应的主要因素并给出了它们之间的关系式,指出了在选择活塞发动机时,必须选装厂家提供的进、排气系统,说明了活塞发动机作为小型无人直升机的动力,其进、排气系统动态效应得到充分利用的原因。     

弹黏塑性材料稳恒扩展II型裂纹尖端应力场

采用弹黏塑性力学模型,对II型动态扩展裂纹尖端应力场的对数奇异性,进行了分析计算。详细地分析了黏性系数α、马赫数Ma²对裂纹尖端的应力场影响。指出了对数奇异性区域存在的问题,解释了过渡区的成因,对过渡区尖端场解的形式和求解方法做了合理的推测。     

面向民航机场的智能型门禁系统设计

本文从介绍国内机场门禁系统入手，指出现有门禁系统的不足和问题所在，随后给出了智能型门禁系统的设计思路和原型。在分析了智能型门禁系统的特点（动态资源管理、事前预警、事后统计分析）之后，结合现有中国民航机场的容量等特点，提出了在原型基础上的三种配置方案，以各自的特点和优势去满足不同层面民航机场的实际需求。     

扑翼飞行器驱动装置的设计

扑翼飞行器是一种新型飞行器,其工作原理及设计技术与传统的固定翼和旋转翼飞行器完全不同。微型扑翼的驱动机构的设计、制作是飞行器设计中的关键环节。为此介绍了一种静电驱动的微扑翼机构,由于这种结构存在着强烈的静电和机械两个物理场的非线性耦合,因此系统的动态特性是非常复杂的。从驱动机构的结构,工作原理,受力模型及分析几个方面对这种驱动机构作了相关的介绍。所得研究结论可以为微型扑翼驱动机构的设计、制作和应用提供一定的理论依据。