Substitution of satellite-based land surface temperature defective data using GSP method

Land surface temperature (LST) as an important environmental variable provides valuable information for earth environmental system modelling. Currently, LST is obtained through satellite thermal sensors at various spatial and temporal resolutions. Although spatially continuous satellite-based LST measurements are intended to overcome the shortcomings of sparse ground-based LST measurements, LST images often contain anomalous values due to the existence of clouds or sensor malfunctioning. The problem becomes more serious where the users deal with high spatial resolution characterized by low temporal resolution. This study examines the capability of a newly developed graph signal processing (GSP) method using two-dimensional single-date thermal data. For this purpose, four Landsat/TIRS datasets are analyzed. The data of five elliptical regions on thermal images are eliminated and then reconstructed through the GSP method and using the LST values of the enclosing rectangles containing the ellipsoids. The results indicate that the temperature variation determined by the GSP method generally conforms to the original image LST values. According to a correlation test conducted on the original image LST and those obtained through the GSP method, the values vary from 58% to 95%, which is an above-the-average rate (RMSE from 0.69 to 2.27). The statistical analysis of the original image LST in both the elliptical regions and the enclosing rectangles containing the ellipsoids indicates that an increase in the variance of LST data causes an increased error in the calculation of temperature by the GSP method, and vice versa. The results of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan test indicated that an increase in the number of the non-zero spectral bins would result in increased RMSE values for all the dates and the regions. Moreover, the model errors were significant at the 0.05 level across all the image date and five elliptical study regions. Based on the results, the use of this method is recommended for the reconstruction of LST missing values, where dissimilarity of atmospheric conditions limits the use of other methods that depend on the time series data of various dates and a great deal of data calculation.     

VKM—5型立式捏合机研制与应用

介绍自行研制的VKM—5型立式捏合机的构造及工作原理,详述了该机采用液压传动和气动元件进行位置检测以及气、电、液安全联锁的特点,并说明与卧式捏合机对比试验情况。     

胶州湾环境污染—卫星遥感信息分析

陆地卫星主题绘图仪(TM)图象和我国国土普查卫星全景相机照片解译分析与现场调查表明,胶州湾东岸工业废水污染相当严重,主要污染源集中在海泊河、李村河、娄山河以及沧口区沿海一线,污染水带宽达4～7km,在落潮流携带下扩散至湾口外海。由青岛碱厂排污形成的“白滩”污染区现有面积为0.53km~2。青岛市大气污染严重,源自市区的烟羽宽达14km,顺风飘逸远达30km,势必造成酸雨等灾害。     

航天遥感仪器的反射镜轻量化的研究

反射镜轻量化是航天遥感仪器轻型化的重要技术途径之一。阐述了反射镜轻量化的意义,反射镜材料的选择,玻璃反射镜轻量化的结构型式和设计要求、设计方案和计算以及温度试验结果。     

Developing countries and remote sensing: how intergovernmental factors impede progress

Developing countries lag significantly behind more advanced nations in the local adoption and application of satellite remote sensing technology. Narrowing this gap through appropriate international cooperation is, however, often constrained by national interests and priorities. The paper presents an overview of several of these inter-governmental constraints using as its main basis the outcomes of recent regional and international conferences hosted by the United Nations. Future enhancement of international cooperation in remote sensing will occur best within settings where both developing and technologically advanced countries are sensitive and responsive to each other's concerns.     

一种基于移步预测消除脉冲串扰的快速算法

以毫米波主被动复合探测器为工程应用背景,通过分析信号的特点,提出一种基于移步预测思想的快速算法来消除脉冲调制信号对被动通道信号的串扰。仿真分析和实验结果表明,该方法对改善信噪比效果明显,而且具有成本低、速度快和易于工程化实现的优点。     

GDBMS中图形数据的表示与存贮

GDBMS是作者设计并实现的一个实验性的工程图形数据库管理系统。它基于扩充关系数据模型,成功地完成了对工程图形数据的描述。 本文从图形的数据库表示出发,对几何实体的建模方法进行了分析,介绍了GDBMS中的图形数据模型及其实现方法。该数据模型吸取图元枚举法(PI方法),结构实体几何表示法(CSG法)和边界表示法(BR方法)的优点,在进行交互式图形编辑以及图形显示时,采用CSG结构,在数据库的存贮和处理时,采用扩充的BR方法。     

天地一体化遥感信息应用网络体系的发展

随着世界各国发射入轨的航天器的增多 ,由多种遥感卫星系统组成的 ,包括地面应用系统在内的天地一体卫星应用网络体系即将形成。文章介绍了国外天地一体化网络系统建设方面的现状与趋势 ,分析了天地一体化遥感信息应用网络体系的特点 ,并指出了中国建设天地一体化遥感应用网络体系的必要性     

从国外航天遥感器系统的发展现状中得到的启示

文中对德国、法国、印度和美国航天光学遥感器研制情况的一个侧面进行了简述。从中可了解到其发展态势,即朝着大型综合性系统、小卫星系统以及各种卫星的综合协作方向发展。文中着重就综合性、组合式系统的特点稍展开分析。值得提出的是,多相机组合以多种模式选择功能以及任务使命排序工作,有时又可以“大像元”形式工作,这种设计可以解决数传或图像数据记录能力的不足,能完成多种、多类用户的要求。     

Future spacelift projections

In 1996 the NASA Advisory Council asked for a comprehensive look at future launch projections out to the year 2030 and beyond. In response to this request NASA sponsored a study at The Aerospace Corporation to develop long-range space transportation models for future commercial and government applications, and to analyze the design considerations and desired characteristics for future space transportation systems. Follow-ons to present space missions as well as a wide array of potential new space applications are considered in the study. This paper summarizes the space transportation system characteristics required to enable various classes of future missions. High reliability and the ability to achieve high flight rates per vehicle are shown to be key attributes for achieving more economical launch systems. Technical, economic and policy implications are also discussed.