星载综合孔径微波辐射计冗余空间定标方法研究

星载综合孔径微波辐射计系统为了实现更好的辐射测量性能,在地面对通道间剩余相位通过相位定标实验进行测量,其结果用于亮温重构时对通道间剩余相位进行补偿。冗余空间定标方法基于自身阵列冗余基线信息,该方法无需额外资源支持即可对星载综合孔径微波辐射计系统定标,可作为一种在轨的验证方案对系统综合孔径微波辐射计系统通道间剩余相位进行评估。系统性的介绍了基于星载综合孔径微波辐射计系统观测到的场景,冗余空间定标方法以及对平坦场景提出利用模拟的平坦目标响应相位修正的方法,可在点源场景、平坦场景下利用冗余空间定标方法求解通道间剩余相位,并结合仿真验证该方法的可行性。     

LENS风洞试验返回器模型气动热特性模拟

国家数值风洞高超声速流动模拟软件HyFLOW的研制对打破国外同类软件的技术壁垒具有重要意义。与国外DPLR软件进行了对比研究,同时系统介绍了HyFLOW软件求解器的数值方法、物理化学模型以及壁面催化特性计算模型等主要方法,采用典型算例对有限催化模型进行了数值验证,最后基于LENS风洞试验146 mm返回器标模外形开展了高超声速气动热特性数值模拟。研究结果表明,HyFLOW软件在高超声速热化学非平衡流动模拟与评估方面的气动力计算精度高,与国外同类软件DPLR相当,同时其壁面催化条件下的气动热计算精度可靠,可信度高。     

一种无引北三轴转台标定捷联惯组方法

使用三轴转台标定捷联惯组时,需要对三轴转台引北,用于精准测量捷联惯组相对地球北向的角度。为了减少引北带来的繁重工作量,在研究传统六位置标定方法的基础上,设计了十二位置标定方法。给出了十二位置翻转编排,建立了捷联惯组器件误差参数模型,详细推导了求解误差参数的方程式,并在高精度三轴转台上进行了试验验证。结果表明,在对三轴转台无引北的情况下,十二位置标定方法仍能标定出捷联惯组的24个器件误差参数,且精度与六位置标定方法相当,达到了预期目的。     

基于实时观测数据的大气密度模式修正

针对国际大气密度模式NRLMSISE-00, 以中国神舟飞船探测数据为基础, 提出一种基于实时大气密度观测数据的模式修正方法. 通过计算分析模式计算结果与探测数据的误差分布特征, 针对地磁相对平静期(Ap≤ 30)模式计算的误差特点, 建立了一种平均误差修正方法, 即认为在相对平静期, 在相同纬度和地方时, 模式误差基本相同, 某一时刻模式预测误差可以近似用与其相同纬度和地方时的平均误差来替代, 从而对模式预测结果进行修正. 以神舟4号探测数据为基础, 通过对模式预测结果采用两种方式进行修正, 可以看到模式误差得到了一定的改善. 采用误差库累积准实时修正, 修正后的误差由原来的20 %降至6 %; 采用误差库5天滑动预报修正后, 模式提前1, 2, 3天的预测误差由原来的20 %分别降至7.8 %, 9.4 %和10.5%.     

A Revisit of the Phobos Events

The magnetic field disturbances detected by the Phobos-2 spacecraft in 1989 have been suggested to be caused by a ring of dust and/or gas emitted from the Martian moon, Phobos. The physical nature of these ``Phobos events' is examined using results from related investigations over the last twenty years. It is concluded that there is no clear evidence at present to support the association of magnetic field disturbances in the solar wind with Phobos. The situation will be further clarified taking advantage of the multi-spacecraft observations of the Yinghuo-1(YH-1), Mars Express and MAVEN missions beginning in 2012. It is expected that many novel features of solar wind interaction with Phobos (and possibly also Deimos) itself will also be revealed.     

飞机V型外倾双垂尾载荷校准技术

根据垂尾载荷校准及建模需求,对飞机V型外倾双垂尾结构受载情况进行了分析和简化,确定了校准试验载荷,研制了垂尾载荷校准试验专用龙门梁架。采用液压协调加载技术,完成了外倾双垂尾载荷校准试验,建立了满足测载要求的载荷模型。此种方法充分利用了左右垂尾外倾、双垂尾之间空间较大的特点,对左右垂尾对称施加向外的单点、多点载荷,加载载荷侧向分量左右自平衡,垂向分量依靠飞机自身重量即可平衡,飞机不需要复杂的固定与约束。试验中采用先搭建龙门框架,再停放飞机的方法,降低了试验风险、加快了试验进度,取得了良好的试验结果,对其他此类结构的载荷校准具有一定的借鉴作用。     

基于Visual Basic的互感器负荷箱测量仪校准系统的实现

为解决互感器负荷箱测量仪同相分量和正交分量的校准问题,在分析互感器负荷箱测量仪工作原理的基础上,设计了基于电子/电工组合式的互感器负荷箱测量仪校准装置,并简要说明装置电工部分、电子部分以及上位机软件的实现。经省级计量研究院验证结果表明,该装置校准结果符合0.2级要求,可作为标准装置解决1级互感器负荷箱测量仪量值溯源问题。     

Geometric calibration of Colour and Stereo Surface Imaging System of ESA’s Trace Gas Orbiter

There are many geometric calibration methods for “standard” cameras. These methods, however, cannot be used for the calibration of telescopes with large focal lengths and complex off-axis optics. Moreover, specialized calibration methods for the telescopes are scarce in literature. We describe the calibration method that we developed for the Colour and Stereo Surface Imaging System (CaSSIS) telescope, on board of the ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO). Although our method is described in the context of CaSSIS, with camera-specific experiments, it is general and can be applied to other telescopes. We further encourage re-use of the proposed method by making our calibration code and data available on-line.     

Effects on winter circulation of short and long term solar wind changes

Indices of the North Atlantic Oscillation and the Arctic Oscillation show correlations on the day-to-day timescale with the solar wind speed (SWS). Minima in the indices were found on days of SWS minima during years of high stratospheric aerosol loading. The spatial distribution of surface pressure changes during 1963–2011 with day-to-day changes in SWS shows a pattern resembling the NAO. Such a pattern was noted for year-to-year variations by Boberg and Lundstedt (2002), who compared NAO variations with the geo-effective solar wind electric field (the monthly average SWS multiplied by the average southward component, i.e., negative Bz component, of the interplanetary magnetic field). The spatial distribution of the correlations of geopotential height changes in the troposphere and stratosphere with the SWS; the geo-effective electric field (SWS∗Bz); and the solar 10.7 cm flux suggests that solar wind inputs connected to the troposphere via the global electric circuit, together with solar ultraviolet irradiance acting on the stratosphere, affect regional atmospheric dynamics.     

动平台条件下基于全站仪的标校技术

舰船靠泊码头进行起降引导系统标校时,甲板处于晃动状态,架设在甲板上的全站仪无法满足置平要求,针对这一问题进行了动平台条件下基于全站仪的标校技术研究。首先,建立全站仪测量数学模型,以全站仪在动态条件下的测量数据为基础,将测量数据经空间几何运算后求得任意两目标点在甲板固连坐标系下的相对位置;其次,根据空间物体几何不变的性质,设计实验进行不同倾斜条件下的全站仪数据测量和相对位置偏差求解;最后,通过仿真分析了测量误差对相对位置平均偏差的影响。结果表明,全站仪在动平台条件下其测距、测角精度能满足标校要求。