超空泡推进发动机燃料能量特性比较

超空泡鱼雷实现高航速、远航程的有效途径之一是携带高能燃料--金属粉末燃料或金属基燃料.为了说明这些燃料的能量特性,结合水冲压发动机的工作特点,采用最小自由能法对各种燃料进行热力计算,并进一步进行能量比较.分析结果表明,铝粉是较为理想的燃料,镁基燃料不可取.热力计算和能量比较法可为燃料的选择提供依据,进而指导水冲压发动机的设计和试验.     

复合材料界面裂纹尖端应变能释放率及模态混合度计算

为了准确预测复合材料层合板分层扩展及疲劳损伤,应用改进的虚裂纹闭合技术计算复合材料分层尖端处应变能释放率及模态混合度.首先介绍了改进的虚裂纹闭合技术,然后将其应用到重合网格法中,求得了分层尖端处总应变能释放率,并提取了各模态下的应变能释放率分量.最后利用某界面裂纹模型验证了该方法计算应变能释放率、模态混合度及提取应变能释放率分量的有效性.     

气候试验方法中对试验箱内风速要求的分析

文章介绍了GJB 150A和GB/T 2423标准中对试验箱内风速的有关要求,分析了各试验方法中规定风速要求的目的和原理,以及GB/T 2423为减少风速对热效应影响而应用的试验方法思路,指出了目前标准实施中试验箱选用及使用方面存在的问题,并提出了一些建议。     

复合固体推进剂裂尖复合型变形场和约束场分析

用有限元法分析了不同Ⅰ-Ⅱ复合型裂端的变形场和约束场（裂端形状改变能和应力三维度水平Rσ）分布。结果表明：复合型裂端变形为不对称的相反变形,符合钝化-锐化模型。Ⅰ-Ⅱ复合加载时裂纹尖端出现负约束区域（该区Rσ〈0）,当Ⅱ型分量增加,负约束区域增大,最大约束水平Rσmax降低,且绕裂纹尖端顺时针转动。Rσmax出现距裂纹尖端有一定距离处。Ⅰ-Ⅱ复合载荷下偏离原裂纹方向的裂纹在钝化区内某处危险点开始萌生,并与应力三维度最大位置处产生的空穴或孔洞聚合向前扩展。     

亚,超音速弹丸底排冷空气减阻性能研究

本文介绍了用底排冷空气方法减少弹丸底部阻力的风洞实验研究情况,描述了马赫数、排气孔几何参数对底压、底阻的影响以及底压、底阻和剪切角随排气率的变化规律。给出了它们的实验结果,并进行了初步分析。     

Interplanetary Physics Research in China： 2006-2008

This brief report summarized the latest advances of the interplanetary physics research in China during the period of 2006-2007,made independently by Chinese space physicists and through international collaboration.The report covers all aspects of the interplanetary physics,including theoretical studies,numerical simulation and data analysis.     

CARDC 0.1米低温风洞的工程设计和运行特性

为研究低温风洞的设计运行技术,CARDC(气动中心)建成了0.1米×0.1米低速低温风洞。本文叙述该风洞的结构、供氮系统和排氮系统的设计特点和运行结果。当马赫数范围为0.04～0.25,风洞气流总温最低降至93开,单位雷诺数最高达40×10~6/米时,风洞的运行能力超过25分钟。     

Gnevyshev gap, Forbush decreases, ICMEs and solar wind electric field: relationships

We have studied annual frequency distribution of the Forbush decreases for three solar cycles (20, 21, 22); most are associated with the fast ICMEs and SSCs. The frequency varies in step with the solar cycle but the distribution has a notable gap embedded in it, near the maximum of the cycle leading to two peaks in Forbush decreases per cycle. We show that the gap coincides with the epoch of solar polar field reversal. There is an indication of an odd/even cycle effect in the frequency distribution of Forbush decreases and the associated SSCs. We find that two peaks in Forbush decrease and SSC distributions are separated by the Gnevyshev gap; second peaks occur well before the onset of the high-speed streams in the descending phase of a cycle which do not cause Forbush decreases but do contribute to a peak in the geomagnetic activity index Ap. We compare Forbush decrease and SSC distributions with the corresponding distribution of the solar wind electric field and find that a large amplitude of the electric field of itself does not cause a Forbush decrease to occur unless it is also associated with a fast ICME/SSC.     

Simultaneous investigation of magnetospheric plasma and spacecraft charging

The results of magnetospheric plasma fluxes measurement in geosynchronous orbit are presented. The measurements were done onboard the geosynchronous Russian “Electro” spacecraft (SC) in 1995–1997 years. The diurnal variations of the plasma density and temperature were observed at various levels of geomagnetic activity.     

精确复现机翼摇滚运动的控制技术

为快速、精确地复现自由摇滚实验得到的机翼摇滚运动，在控制伺服电机的传统PID参数基础上增加了基准速度修正系数Kv，并将其视作PID参数的一部分，在此基础之上给出了一种PID参数的快速估计方法。利用该方法可以快速得到不同试验状态下控制伺服电机复现机翼摇滚运动的PID参数，提高了调试反馈控制量的效率。同时，发现在进行PID参数调节之前对速度时序曲线进行光滑化预处理，能为进一步进行PID调节打下坚实基础，提高电机驱动模型复现机翼摇滚运动的精度。最后，通过风洞试验对给出的方法进行了实验验证。