星载单频GPS数据的电离层延迟改正方法分析

利用C/A码单点定位对LEO(Low Earth Orbit)卫星上的电离层延迟改正方法——"电离层比例因子法"进行了分析研究.计算的CHAMP卫星的轨道结果表明:采用电子密度峰值高度(hmF2,F2 region maximum electron density height)平均值和瞬时值计算的电离层比例因子α变化范围分别为0.3~0.4和0.2~0.65之间,两者最大差异可达0.3,相比较而言,hmF2瞬时值的结果更加合理,并且相应的大地高H方向的系统偏差要降低0.05~0.3m左右;与双频无电离层组合的普通单点定位结果相比表明该方法能较好地消除电离层一阶项所引入的H方向上的系统偏差;该方法适用的LEO卫星轨道高度范围大致在200~ 600km之间,当轨道高度超过700km时,该方法并不适用.     

Response of Hainan GPS ionospheric scintillations to the different strong magnetic storm conditions

Using the GPS ionospheric scintillation data at Hainan station (19.5°N, 109.1°E) in the eastern Asia equatorial regions and relevant ionospheric and geomagnetic data from July 2003 to June 2005, we investigate the response of L-band ionospheric scintillation activity over this region to different strong magnetic storm conditions (Dst < −100 nT) during the descending phase of the solar cycle. These strong storms and corresponding scintillations mainly took place in winter and summer seasons. When the main phase developed rapidly and reached the maximum near 20–21 LT (LT = UT + 8) after sunset, scintillations might occur in the following recovery phase. When the main phase maximum occurred shortly after midnight near 01–02 LT, following the strong scintillations in the pre-midnight main phase, scintillations might also occur in the post-midnight recovery phase. When the main phase maximum took place after 03 LT to the early morning hours no any scintillation could be observed in the latter of the night. Moreover, when the main phase maximum occurred during the daytime hours, scintillations could also hardly be observed in the following nighttime recovery phase, which might last until the end of recovery phase. Occasionally, scintillations also took place in the initial phase of the storm. During those scintillations associated with the nighttime magnetic storms, the height of F layer base (h’F) was evidently increased. However, the increase of F layer base height does not always cause the occurrence of scintillations, which indicates the complex interaction of various disturbance processes in ionosphere and thermosphere systems during the storms.     

太阳宁静区磁漏斗结构的扩展特征

通过对观测的光球纵向磁场进行势场外推, 重构了一个太阳宁静区光球以上的磁场结构. 结果显示, 在20 Mm 以下, 开放磁力线呈现多个明显的小磁漏斗结构, 这些小磁漏斗结构随高度扩展, 并且在20 Mm 左右融合成大的漏斗结构. 通过系统地研究磁漏斗结构横截面积随高度的变化趋势, 发现太阳宁静区磁漏斗结构的截面积随高度近似线性扩展, 磁漏斗结构在较低高度上(<20Mm) 扩展的速度比在较高高度上 (>20Mm) 扩展的速度要快. 这一结果对太阳风起源和磁环中物质流动的二维数值模拟具有重要的意义. 同时还发现, 闭合磁力线的数目随高度以指数函数的形式减少.      

结冰飞机非线性稳定域确定及安全操纵方法

结冰会恶化飞机的动力学特性,造成飞行包线收缩,威胁飞行安全,研究结冰后飞机的非线性稳定域变化对于驾驶员操纵应对策略设计以及飞行安全的提高具有重要意义。以NASA的GTM为案例飞机,首先对飞机气动参数进行多项式拟合,同时结合结冰因子模型,建立了飞机在结冰条件下的纵向通道动力学模型;然后通过分岔分析方法对飞机在不同程度结冰条件和操纵指令下的飞行状态变化进行了研究,并将其用于指导驾驶员操纵,同时考虑到分岔分析方法的局限性,利用微分流形理论确定了飞行系统的非线性稳定域,并将其作为飞行安全边界;最后针对结冰情形,提出将分岔分析方法与微分流形理论相结合共同用于操纵指导,并进行了操纵时域验证。研究结果表明,结冰会使安全边界收缩,在小扰动的作用下都可能使飞行状态超出安全边界。随着结冰程度增加,飞机的稳定性质甚至会发生变化,此时飞行状态将很难维持在原有的安全边界以内,提出了通过指导驾驶员操纵指令变化使飞行状态到达新的安全边界。研究结果对于飞行安全操纵及边界保护都具有一定的指导意义。      

Analytical solutions for Earth discontinuous coverage of satellite constellation with repeating ground tracks

This paper presents an analytical model for calculating the Earth discontinuous coverage of satellite constellation with repeating ground tracks by integrating and extending the application of coverage region and route theory. Specifically, the visibility condition for a ground point is represented as a coverage region in the two-dimension map of visibility properties, and the trajectories of satellites with circular orbits and repeating ground tracks are converted to several inclined lines in t...     

基于改进深度学习模型的焊缝缺陷检测算法

针对传统深度学习模型在进行焊缝缺陷检测时对小缺陷目标检测效果不理想问题,提出基于改进深度学习Faster RCNN模型的焊缝缺陷检测算法,算法通过多层特征网络提取多尺度特征图并共同作用于模型后续环节,以充分利用模型中的低层特征,增加细节信息;改进模型的区域生成网络,加入多种滑动窗口,从而优化了模型锚点的长宽比设置,提高检测能力。实验表明,改进Faster RCNN模型取得最优的缺陷检测结果,对于小缺陷目标仍取得较好的检测精度,从而验证了算法的有效性。     

西方修辞学理论观照下的国际商务信函写作

西方修辞学“以人为本”,在研究和实践中都强调人的作用,以修辞为手段,寻找“最佳”的劝说方法,认为修辞的目的并不是写说者把自己的意志强加于听读者之上,而是进行沟通、合作,达到同一。本文借鉴西方修辞学理论来指导国际商务信函写作,旨在指导写出有效、说服力强的信函,达到有效沟通的目的。     

中医色诊客观化系统的开发与初步应用(英文)

研制开发了中医色诊客观化研究专用系统。该系统包括硬件和软件两部分。硬件是一个标准光源环境的图像采集装置,主要由色温为5500K的氙灯、漫反射积分球和高分辨率CCD数码相机组成。软件用于图像处理,处理过程分为3步:首先使用灰度阈值将原始图像进行肤色/非肤色分类,然后通过图像分割和坐标排序定位人脸特征,最后应用形态学技术提取与人体五脏对应的色部区域并且计算区域色度值。使用该系统采集和处理了30例年轻人和53例老年人的样本。实验结果表明年轻人和老年人色部数据有显著性差异。初步应用验证了系统在中医色诊客观化研究中的良好性能。     

Longitudinal variation of the equatorial ionosphere: Modeling and experimental results

We describe a new version of the Parameterized Regional Ionospheric Model (PARIM) which has been modified to include the longitudinal dependences. This model has been reconstructed using multidimensional Fourier series. To validate PARIM results, the South America maps of critical frequencies for the E (foE) and F (foF2) regions were compared with the values calculated by Sheffield Plasmasphere-Ionosphere Model (SUPIM) and IRI representations. PARIM presents very good results, the general characteristics of both regions, mainly the presence of the equatorial ionization anomaly, were well reproduced for equinoctial conditions of solar minimum and maximum. The values of foF2 and hmF2 recorded over Jicamarca (12°S; 77°W; dip lat. 1°N; mag. declination 0.3°) and sites of the conjugate point equatorial experiment (COPEX) campaign Boa Vista (2.8°N; 60.7°W; dip lat. 11.4°; mag. declination −13.1°), Cachimbo (9.5°S; 54.8°W; dip lat. −1.8°; mag. declination −15.5°), and Campo Grande (20.4°S; 54.6°W; dip lat. −11.1°; mag. declination −14.0°) have been used in this work. foF2 calculated by PARIM show good agreement with the observations, except during morning over Boa Vista and midnight-morning over Campo Grande. Some discrepancies were also found for the F-region peak height (hmF2) near the geomagnetic equator during times of F₃ layer occurrences. IRI has underestimated both foF2 and hmF2 over equatorial and low latitude sectors during evening-nighttimes, except for Jicamarca where foF2 values were overestimated.     

基于最小总体偏差和区域信息Snake模型的图像分割

提出基于最小总体偏差和区域信息Snake模型的图像分割方法。根据最小总体偏差准则，用包含区域信息的变力替换在气球力Snake模型中的恒定力，并应用于图像分割。实验结果表明，该模型与初始轮廓曲线位置无关，能自动分割模糊边界。对于带椒盐噪声的图像，应用该模型也能取得满意的分割效果。