脱靶量估算和广义比例导引

本文提出一种适于真比例导引系统估计脱靶量的方法，依据这种方法，只要知道制导－控制时间延迟、拦截器的目标的相对运动速度等，就可以估计出脱靶量的大小。本文还就减小脱靶量而有采用广义比例导引的前景进行了探讨。     

白天激光漫反射测距中微弱信号检测的单开门多触发方法

白天激光漫反射测距因存在强背景噪声,导致微弱回波信号的检测十分困难,严重限制了激光漫反射测距的广泛应用。因此,提出了采用单开门多触发方法解决白天激光漫反射测距的微弱信号检测难题。首先,介绍了一种GM-APD (Geiger-ModeAvalanchePhotoDiode,盖革模式雪崩光电二极管)多触发概率分布函数的快速求解方法。接着,取激光漫反射测距系统典型参数,理论分析了多触发情况下的回波信号检测概率,分析结果表明单开门多触发方法可提高激光漫反射测距在白天情况下的回波信号检测概率。同时,通过对触发次数限制的优选,可以增加有效检测比,减少白天观测条件下回波信号的提取代价。最终,通过系统仿真验证了理论分析结果的正确性。因此,单开门多触发方法是解决白天激光漫反射测距微弱信号检测的可行途径之一。     

Periodic relative orbits of two spacecraft subject to differential gravity and electrostatic forcing

Coulomb forces between charged close-flying satellites can be used for formation control, and constant electric potentials enable static equilibria solutions. In this work, open-loop time-varying potential functions, which produce periodic, two-craft, Coulomb formation motions are demonstrated for the first time. This is done in the rotating Hill-Frame, with linearized gravity, and craft position components assumed in the form of simple harmonic oscillators. Substitution of the oscillatory functions into the dynamics, further constrains these functions, and yields necessary potential histories, to produce the periodic flow. The assumed position functions, however, are not arbitrary, since the dynamical model restricts what oscillatory trajectories are allowed. Specifically, a Hill-Frame integral of motion is derived, and this is used to show certain candidate periodic functions to be inadmissible. The system dynamics are then linearized to expose stability properties of the solutions, and it is established that asymptotic stability is impossible for all orbit families. Finally, the degree of instability in the assumed motions, over free parameter ranges, is determined numerically via the Floquet multipliers of the associated full-cycle state-transition matrices.     

关于跨声速流动问题的多重解

本文讨论了跨声速流小扰动方程Riemann问题的多重解及物理上可实现的解的判别。     

一种弱场区无线传输系统

在铁路无线列调通信中存在弱场区和盲区,通信质量难以控制。设计了完整的方案,提高了原无线列调中存在的弱场区的场强,并增大场强覆盖率,使通话距离得到扩展,改善了话音质量。     

一般概率测度的核估计

在测度弱收敛的意义下，研究了一般概率测度μ的核估计μn，得到了它的渐近无偏性、强相合性及在给定条件下的收敛速度。     

小功率单轴燃气轮机及其功热并供装置变工况典型解析特性

采用动力机械变工况特性解析分析方法［１,２］,分析总结了使用离心式压气机的小功率单轴恒速燃气轮机稳态变工况的典型特性及一些定量规律。所得燃气轮机装置典型效率曲线及统计公式得到了实际数据的验证。计算了该种燃气轮机功热并供装置用饱和蒸汽供热时的典型情况及其他一些变工况性能,如大气温度的影响等     

三阶幻方问题的代数解法

介绍了中国古代数学家甄鸾和杨辉关于三阶幻方的一个构造方法。用线性代数的方法构造三阶幻方约束方程组时,当自由未知量分别取1,2,3,…,9时,对应的方程组共有56组整数解,为了找出幻方的全部解,需要确定自由未知量取值的限制条件,由此对方程组中的自由未知量的取值进行了分类探讨,进而求出三阶幻方的全部解。利用线性代数的方法去探求三阶幻方的解法种数显然不是最简捷的,但却有完备的理论做保证。此外,提供了一个如何利用线性代数知识来解决实际问题的实例,并简介了三阶幻方所具有的奇妙的特性。     

Onboard orbit determination using GPS observations based on the unscented Kalman filter

Spaceborne GPS receivers are used for real-time navigation by most low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites. In general, the position and velocity accuracy of GPS navigation solutions without a dynamic filter are 25 m (1σ) and 0.5 m/s (1σ), respectively. However, GPS navigation solutions, which consist of position, velocity, and GPS receiver clock bias, have many abnormal excursions from the normal error range for space operation. These excursions lessen the accuracy of attitude control and onboard time synchronization. In this research, a new onboard orbit determination algorithm designed with the unscented Kalman filter (UKF) was developed to improve the performance. Because the UKF is able to obtain the posterior mean and covariance accurately by using the second-order Taylor series expansion through the sampled sigma points that are propagated by using the true nonlinear system, its performance can be better than that of the extended Kalman filter (EKF), which uses the linearized state transition matrix to predict the covariance. The dynamic models for orbit propagation applied perturbations due to the 40 × 40 geo-potential, the gravity of the Sun and Moon, solar radiation pressure, and atmospheric drag. The 7(8)th-order Runge–Kutta numerical integration was applied for orbit propagation. Two types of observations, navigation solutions and C/A code pseudorange, can be used at the user’s discretion. The performances of the onboard orbit determination were verified using real GPS data of the CHAMP and KOMPSAT-2 satellites. The results of the orbit determination were compared with the precision orbit ephemeris (POE) of the CHAMP and KOMPSAT-2 satellites.     

包络均值滤波算法实时检测微弱信号

在强噪声环境下提取微弱信号一直是信号处理方法研究的难点,提出一种基于包络均值滤波(EMF,Envelope Mean Filter)的微弱信号提取算法,可以实时恢复出深埋在均匀分布噪声中的微弱缓变非周期信号的波形.EMF算法通过对混有均匀分布噪声的信号进行过采样,对信号的包络线进行实时分析,并用上、下包络的均值作为真实信号的估计值.为了使输出信号平滑、无跳变,采用实时滑模平均滤波器对估计值进行滤波,最终恢复出的原始信号.通过仿真研究对包络的分析算法、最优衰减系数的选取、过采样系数、平滑序列长度和不同信噪比的微弱信号对还原精度的影响进行了研究.EMF算法简单,可使信噪比提高60 dB以上.已经成功用于IEEE 1588精密时钟同步的时钟伺服算法中.