飞机铆接电阻专用测量仪的研制

飞机铆接电阻专用测量仪是用于测量飞机铆接部件接触质量的专用仪器,它对保证飞机机载电子设备和通讯系统正常工作具有重要作用,在飞机维护中也常常要检测机体电阻是否符合要求.本文介绍了该测量仪的研制目的、工作原理和电路组成.     

Silver Film Growth on Glass Ceramic by Radio Frequency Magnetron Sputtering

Thin silver films are deposited by radio frequency magnetron sputtering on glass ceramic at room temperature.Variations of sputtering power,bios voltage and power density are carried out for each deposition,then parts of as-deposited samples are subjected to annealing at 600 ℃ within a vacuum chamber.Structural properties are studied by X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscope(SEM)and laser scanning confocal microscope(LSCM).It is shown that structural properties have a strong dependency on sputtering power and annealing temperature.Electrical contact resistance measured by a four point probe instrument is directly affected by the thickness of films.It is also found that the film conductivity,especially in thinner films,is improved by the increasing grain size.Finally,the film adhesion is observed by scratch tests.And the adhesive ability deposited by radio frequency magnetron sputtering shows a better performance than that produced by traditional methods.     

Friction and Wear Properties of Amorphous Carbon Nitride Coatings in Water Lubrication

The friction and wear properties of amorphous carbon nitride(a-CN x)coatings in water lubrication were reviewed.The influences of mating materials and tribological variables such as normal load(W)and sliding speed(V)on the friction and wear properties of the a-CN x coatings were analyzed.It was indicated that the specific wear rate of the a-CN x coatings was related to the hydration reaction of mating materials with water.If the mating materials were easily hydrated,the specific wear rate of a-CN x coatings was low.The water-lubricated properties of the a-CN x coatings were better in comparison to the a-C coatings.The a-CN x/Si-based non-oxide ceramics tribo-pairs exhibited the lowest friction coefficient and wear rate.To describe their friction and wear properties at the normal loads of 3—15Nand the sliding speeds of 0.05—0.5m/s,the wear-mechanism maps for the a-CN x/SiC(Si3N4)tribo-pairs in water were developed.     

An assessment of semi-analytical models based on the absorption coefficient in retrieving the chlorophyll-a concentration from a reservoir

Monitoring chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentrations in inland waters is crucial for water quality management, since Chl-a is a proxy for phytoplankton biomass and, thus, for ecological health of a water environment. Chl-a concentration can be retrieved through the inherent optical properties (IOPs) of a water system, which, in turn, can be remotely sensed obtained. Quasi-analytical algorithm (QAA), originally developed for ocean waters, can also retrieve IOPs for inland waters after re-parameterizations. This study is aimed at assessing the performance of sixteen schemes composed by QAA original and re-parameterized versions followed by models that use absorption coefficients as inputs for estimating Chl-a concentration in Ibitinga reservoir, located at Tietê River cascading system, São Paulo State, Brazil. It was verified that only QAA_V5 based schemes were able to obtain reasonable estimates for image data and that by four models tested presented similar and acceptable results for QAA_V5 outputs. The best model were applied to a Ocean and Land Colour Instrument (OLCI) image. Light absorption in the reservoir showed to be dominated by colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM), and wide spatial and temporal variability of optical and water quality properties was observed.     

摆锤式冲击试验机能量损失检测方法的比较与分析

摆锤式冲击试验机的能量损失包括：指针的摩擦（或接触式电子角位移传感器的摩擦）、空气阻力和摆轴轴承的摩擦所引起的能量损失；基础的冲击、机架和摆锤的振动所引起的能量损失。国内外还没有成熟的测量方法和测量仪器测定基础的冲击、机架和摆锤的振动所引起的能量损失，没有形成技术文件，目前摆锤式冲击试验机能量损失的检测主要针对前者。本文针对国内计量部门计量摆锤式冲击试验机所依据的常用标准和规程，比较能量损失的检测方法和计算公式，做出简要分析，指出某些计算公式值得商榷之处。     

航天器空间环境干扰力矩分析与仿真研究

针对航天器在轨运行时所受到的空间环境干扰力矩进行建模分析,并通过实时解算和矢量叠加的方式进行仿真研究,尤其对太阳光压力矩与大气阻力力矩的建模与仿真提出了新的方法,该方法通过建立光照面与迎风面的判断准则,准确地对太阳光压力矩与大气阻力力矩进行了估计。对各种空间环境干扰力矩的精确建模与仿真为航天器精确姿态控制设计及系统姿态控制方案和控制执行机构的选取提供了依据,文中提出的方法简单易用,工程实现性强,为未来的工程应用提供了一定的理论依据。     

采暖空调技术改造对策综合分析

本文对北京一高层建筑采暖空调系统进行了技术改造方案论证，通过对技术先进性及适用性、改造繁简程度、设备寿命以及运行等诸方面的综合技术分析，确定采用新型螺杆冷水机组＋燃气热水锅炉的方案。新的供暖空调系统安全高效运行并提供了高品质人工环境。     

利用雨水改善城市地下水位下降现状的探讨

本文指出了目前城市建设和排水系统中对雨水以“排”为主是形成地下水位下降的主要原因。指出城市规则和建设与城市排水系统的建设，应该做为一个整体系统来统筹，对雨采取“渗、蓄、排”三者相结合的方针，为雨水向地下渗透提供通道，改善地下水位下降的现状。并就此提出了一些设想和建议。     

剪切波速评价饱和砂土抗液化性能研究

从三方面总结了用剪切波速评价饱和砂土抗液化性能的研究进展：基于现场震害调查的研究成果具有重要参考价值，但不便于开展系统研究；室内土样剪切波速的测试手段出现了弯曲单元和扭剪法两种新技术，与弯曲单元相比较，扭剪法更加可靠；剪切波速与抗液化强度相关性已通过大量的研究得到证实。指出要实现用剪切波速评价原位土层的抗液化性能需要解决：抗液化强度对于剪切波速的敏感性，如何进行地震等效，如何将原位与室内剪切波速建立联系以及如何选取区分不同土类的指标等4个问题。     

水射流加工技术的现状及其发展趋势

水射流加工是一项特种加工方法,采用高压高速水(纯水或带有添加剂)冲击工件,在水中悬浮磨粒的作用下,进行切割、穿孔、破碎或表面材料去除。介绍了水射流加工技术概况、工艺参数间的关系,应用现况以及发展趋势。