强度规范使用中的几个问题探讨

贯彻“军用飞机强度和刚度规范”既不能照搬规范条文,又必须维护规范的严肃性,目前更应强调从严肃性。从实践中提出制定型号规范的重要性。正确理解和贯彻规范中有关重量、重心位置的规定。     

基于虚拟主轴的分数阶趋近律同步控制策略

针对机械臂各关节高精度同步控制问题,选取与传统趋近律不同的分数阶趋近律,采用交叉耦合控制结构,提出了一种基于方差虚拟主轴的分数阶趋近律同步控制策略,并对所提的控制策略进行了稳定性证明。以两关节机械臂为研究对象进行了仿真验证。仿真结果表明:所提的控制策略可以使机械臂系统的跟踪误差和同步误差均快速收敛,且具有更快的响应速度和较强的鲁棒性。     

High precision attitude dynamic tracking control of a moving space target

On-orbit spacecraft face many threats, such as collisions with debris or other spacecraft.Therefore, perception of the surrounding space environment is vitally important for on-orbit spacecraft.Spacecraft require a dynamic attitude tracking ability with high precision for such missions.This paper aims to address the above problem using an improved backstepping controller.The tracking mission is divided into two phases: coarse alignment and fine alignment.In the first phase,a traditional saturation controller is utilized to limit the maximum attitude angular velocity according to the actuator's ability.For the second phase, the proposed backstepping controller with different virtual control inputs is applied to track the moving target.To fulfill the high precision attitude tracking requirements, a hybrid attitude control actuator consisting of a Control Moment Gyro(CMG) and Reaction Wheel(RW) is constructed, which can simultaneously avoid the CMG singularity and RW saturation through the use of an angular momentum optimal management strategy, such as null motion.Finally, five simulation scenarios were carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy and hybrid actuator.     

Evidence for a Two-Stage Acceleration Process in Large Solar Energetic Particle Events

Using high-resolution mass spectrometers on board the Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE), we surveyed the event-averaged ∼0.1–60 MeV/nuc heavy ion elemental composition in 64 large solar energetic particle (LSEP) events of cycle 23. Our results show the following: (1) The Fe/O ratio decreases with increasing energy up to ∼10 MeV/nuc in ∼92% of the events and up to ∼60 MeV/nuc in ∼64% of the events. (2) The rare isotope ³He is greatly enhanced over the corona or the solar wind values in 46% of the events. (3) The heavy ion abundances are not systematically organized by the ion’s M/Q ratio when compared with the solar wind values. (4) Heavy ion abundances from C–Fe exhibit systematic M/Q-dependent enhancements that are remarkably similar to those seen in ³He-rich SEP events and CME-driven interplanetary (IP) shock events. Taken together, these results confirm the role of shocks in energizing particles up to ∼60 MeV/nuc in the majority of large SEP events of cycle 23, but also show that the seed population is not dominated by ions originating from the ambient corona or the thermal solar wind, as previously believed. Rather, it appears that the source material for CME-associated large SEP events originates predominantly from a suprathermal population with a heavy ion enrichment pattern that is organized according to the ion’s mass-per-charge ratio. These new results indicate that current LSEP models must include the routine production of this dynamic suprathermal seed population as a critical pre-cursor to the CME shock acceleration process.     

In-Situ Solar Wind and Magnetic Field Signatures of Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections

The heliospheric counterparts of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) at the Sun, interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs), can be identified in situ based on a number of magnetic field, plasma, compositional and energetic particle signatures as well as combinations thereof. We summarize these signatures and their implications for understanding the nature of these structures and the physical properties of coronal mass ejections. We conclude that our understanding of ICMEs is far from complete and formulate several challenges that, if addressed, would substantially improve our knowledge of the relationship between CMEs at the Sun and in the heliosphere.     

Solar Wind Sources and Their Variations Over the Solar Cycle

In this paper I will briefly summarize the present status of our knowledge on the four different sorts of solar wind, their sources and their short- and long-term variations. First: the fast solar wind in high-speed streams that emerges from coronal hole regions. Second: the slow solar wind emerging from the non-active Sun near the global heliospheric current sheet above helmet streamers and underlying active regions. Third: the slow solar wind filling most of the heliosphere during high solar activity, emerging above active regions in a highly turbulent state, and fourth: the plasma expelled from the Sun during coronal mass ejections. The coronal sources of these different flows vary dramatically with the solar activity cycle.     

压电式加速度传感器灵敏度校准虚拟仪器设计

虚拟仪器是计算机技术与仪器技术深层次结合产生的全新概念的仪器，它实现了测量仪器的智能化、多样化、模块化特点。在虚拟仪器的硬件平台确定后，选用LabVIEW软件作为虚拟仪器软件平台，并利用其图形化编程特点，在虚拟信号发生器程序设计基础上设计了传感器灵敏度校准程序，并应用该程序实现了压电式加速度传感器灵敏度校准。与使用传统仪器进行压电式加速度传感器校准相比，具有校准过程速度快、操作简单、且校准结果准确的特点。     

对接仿真试验台杠铃式质量惯量模拟技术研究

针对地面航天器对接动力学全物理仿真试验台,提出采用质量惯量模拟技术模拟航天器的质量、惯量特性,以便灵活的适应不同吨位航天器对接试验。设计了杠铃式质量惯量模拟结构。介绍了杠铃式模拟件的结构特点,确定调整参数,调整范围,对模拟误差进行了分析。结果表明杠铃式质量惯量模拟件模拟准确,调整简单、方便。     

基于LabVIEW的气体微流量测量虚拟仪器的开发

运用LabVIEW6．1开发了用于气体微流量测量的虚拟仪器，阐明了该虚拟仪器的硬件结构、软件设计思想和具体实现，结合实验数据对不确定度进行了分析。该系统具有测量精度高、界面友好、运行稳定可靠、功能便于扩展等特点。     

虚拟现实技术在军事上的应用

虚拟现实技术汇集了计算机图形学、多媒体技术、人工智能、人机接口技术、计算机仿真技术、传感器技术、计算机视觉和人的行为学研究等多项关键技术,是一门基于多种学科发展起来的计算机领域的高新技术。本文主要介绍了虚拟现实技术在军事领域的应用以及真三维立体显示技术,表明基于虚拟现实技术的军事仿真训练系统在飞行训练、海军潜艇训练、立体三维坦克作战指挥系统、立体三维直升机训练系统、立体三维海军作战指挥系统、立体三维实战演示系统等领域具有非常广阔的应用前景。