液冷式个体热调节的二维体温调节数学模型

 本文提出了一种新的液冷式个体热调节二维体温调节数学模型。该模型可用于预测人员处于非均匀热环境中,在不同着装及不同做功状态下的体温响应过程,并估算出人员在高温环境中的可坚持工作时间;本模型还可以用于液冷服的最优化设计及对个体调温系统进行评价。本文用大量的高温舱试验数据,验证了本模型的正确性及良好的工程实用性。     

带肋横流对凹槽孔气膜冷却特性影响的机理研究

为了探究带肋横流对凹槽孔气膜冷却特性的影响,运用Realizable k-ε湍流模型,对光滑通道、45°肋通道和135°肋通道进气的凹槽孔进行了数值研究,吹风比为0.5、1.0和2.0,主流和横流的进口雷诺数分别为1×104和1×105.结果表明:45°肋通道与光滑通道在气膜孔内具有相似的螺旋流动,但其流量系数相比光滑...     

基于高温瞬态热响应的石英窗口导热系数反演

提出一种利用高温加热下瞬态热响应信息来同时反演石英窗口在不同温度下导热系数的方法。结合实验测试过程,首先建立石英窗口-石墨板-石英窗口三明治结构高温非灰体辐射-导热耦合传热模型。再通过实际测试温度响应结果和材料光谱辐射特性参数,构建石英窗口导热系数的遗传算法反演辨识模型。采用1 100 K加热条件下实验数据,反演辨识获得了常温至1 100 K石英窗口导热系数介于1.35~2.58 $\mathrm{W}/(\mathrm{m}?\mathrm{K})$,并拟合出高温导热系数关联式。结果表明:该材料辐射对导热系数影响随温度升高而增大,在1 100 K下辐射影响占比16.12%。最终通过变工况的高温传热过程测试,验证了方法的可靠性及导热系数数据的准确性。      

基于纳米多孔薄膜的蒸发特性

实验研究了基于纳米多孔薄膜的蒸发特性,以氟化液FC-72为液态工质,对比分析了开口向上和向下时的相变特性。结果发现：两种工况下,其热流密度-过热度曲线具有相似的变化趋势,且均出现热流密度增加而温度保持不变的“薄液膜蒸发”区间。在低热流密度下,温度均较为稳定,但开口向下时的传热性能始终优于开口向上时,分析原因为重力对供液的影响和液膜厚度对热阻的改变。随着热流密度的增加,表面温度波动也越来越剧烈,甚至出现了温度的峰值,最终开口向下和向上达到的临界热流密度值分别为59 W/cm2和47W/cm2;同时,对蒸发过程进行理论建模,得出其蒸发系数分别为0.043 1和0.021 9。     

航空发动机热电偶传感器稳态测温偏差分析

为了满足航空发动机上高温、高压、高来流马赫数的恶劣工作环境下的使用需求,对某型航空发动机上选用的低压涡轮后热电偶传感器开展热风洞校准试验及测温准确性分析,明确热电偶传感器测温偏差的影响因素,并通过一种基于表面传热系数推导公式的测温偏差修正方法对校准结果进行计算验证,结果表明,计算方法合理可行,计算结果与测量结果一致性良好,在全部试验点偏差量均小于0.6%。针对现有校准设备无法完全模拟航空发动机真实工况的问题,对校准结果进行修正计算,修正计算结果与真实气流温度偏差在0.7%以内,传感器的稳态测温偏差能够满足在该型航空发动机上的使用需求。     

Effects of chemical energy accommodation on nonequilibrium flow and heat transfer to a catalytic wall

The accurate prediction of the aeroheating performance of hypersonic vehicles requires more detailed modeling of the catalysis process, rather than merely employing a catalytic coefficient. In this paper, the theoretical modeling, as well as the direct simulation Monte Carlo method,is used to preliminarily study the incomplete chemical energy accommodation effects, that is, only a part of the potential energy released in the heterogenous recombination reaction is transferred to the surface, whil...     

Experimental study on dynamic behavior of mechanically pumped two-phase loop with a novel accumulator in simulated space environment

Mechanically pumped two-phase loop (MPTL) which is a prominent two-phase heat transfer technology presents a promising prospect in thermal control for space payload. However, transient behavior of MPTL caused by phase-change and heat sources load-on/off in simulated space environment is rarely reported. In the present study, one MPTL setup was designed and constructed, and experimentally studied. Particularly, a novel two-phase thermally-controlled accumulator integrated with passive cooling measure and three capillary structures was designed as the temperature-control device. Dynamic behavior of the start-up, temperature control, and temperature adjustment were monitored; meanwhile, thermodynamic behavior within the proposed accumulator, the operating behavior as well as the heat and mass transfer behavior between the main loop and the accumulator were revealed. The results show that the fluid management function of the capillary structures for the novel accumulator is verified. The working point of the MPTL system can be adjusted by changing the temperature control point of the accumulator and it is little influenced by external heat flux and heat sources on/off. Pressure-drop oscillations which are manifested as fluctuations of temperature and pressure can be observed after phase changing due to the compressible volume within the accumulator and the negative-slope portion of the internal pressure.     

Experimental study on impact of roller imbalance on cage stability

This study presents a method for measuring the imbalance in a small-sized cylindrical roller. The roller imbalance was calibrated on the built static-pressure-air flotation measurement machine. The impact of the roller imbalance on the dynamic characteristics of a cage were then studied on the aero-bearing test rig. The displacement spectrums with different roller imbalance of the obtained cage orbits under various bearing speed and radial load were used to evaluate the cage stability. The results show that the cage cannot form a stable operating state at a lower bearing speed with or without the unbalanced rollers. The cage with balanced rollers gradually develops stable motion with the increase of the bearing speed. The existence of a small roller imbalance causes the stability of the cage to deteriorate. With an increase in the bearing speed and radial load, the cage with the unbalanced rollers runs unsteadily accompanied by a high-frequency vibration when the roller imbalance is large enough. The vibration amplitude of the cage in the horizontal direction is greater than that in the vertical direction during an unstable operation, which is similar in the stable status.     

V肋对尾缘劈缝气膜冷却特性的影响

采用压敏漆技术和瞬态热色液晶技术研究了V肋对尾缘劈缝表面气膜冷却特性的影响,获得了不同吹风比及V肋宽度下2种不同尾缘劈缝表面形状的气膜冷却效率和对流换热系数分布的试验数据,并采用净热流密度值评估对比了带有V肋的劈缝结构的综合冷却性能。试验结果表明：V肋的加入对未扩张型劈缝表面的气膜覆盖产生了不利影响,在小吹风比工况下,V肋宽度对面积平均气膜冷却效率无明显影响,相同V肋宽度结构下,未扩张型劈缝表面的气膜冷却效率始终高于扩张型劈缝表面的;V肋宽度对劈缝表面换热强度的影响不明显,V肋在未扩张劈缝表面结构上展现出的强换热性优于扩张型劈缝表面结构;带有V肋的尾缘劈缝冷却结构可有效增大6.9%~26.6%的净热流密度值,V肋宽度对其无明显影响,小吹风比工况下宜将V肋应用于未扩张的劈缝表面结构,大吹风比工况下无需考虑劈缝表面形状。     

基于深度学习驱动的L型定向热疏导机理

碳/碳（C/C）复合材料具有热导率大、比强度高、耐烧蚀和耐冲刷等优异特性,被广泛应用于飞行器的热防护系统中,其有效导热系数对于实际应用而言是重要的热物理性质,尽管可以通过有效介质理论、对热扩散方程直接求解和玻尔兹曼输运方程等传统方法计算C/C复合材料有效导热系数,但这些数值方法通常十分耗时。本文引入深度学习方法,将格子玻尔兹曼（LBM）的三维格子模型作为三维卷积神经网络（3D-CNN）微观结构,不仅解决了三维微观结构模型难以捕获的问题,还便于实现数值计算模型和CNN模型的同步简化,利用3D-CNN快速精准地预测三维三相C/C复合结构的有效导热系数,基于此对内置L型高导热碳纤维丝的定向热疏C/C复合结构的有效导热系数进行快速预测和研究。研究表明,CNN模型在LBM传热计算上表现出强大的学习能力,但在测试样本结构孔隙率过分超出训练集时预测误差将大幅增加,且当孔隙率变化范围从30%~35%变化到55%~60%时,CNN模型"内插"预测的相对误差较模型"外推"降低了0.93%~30.72%。在C/C复合结构中内置L型高导热碳纤维丝可以将高温区域的热量沿纤维方向定向疏导至低温区域。