温度传感器辐射修正校准的准确牲研究

为了确定温度传感器辐射修正校准的准确性，需要对温度传感器辐射修正校准结果进行对比及不确定度分析。本文介绍了在热校准风洞中进行温度传感器辐射修正校准的结果，并做了对比研究和不确定度分析。     

Semi-analytic Solution of Steady Temperature Fields During Thin Plate Welding

Usually, it is very difficult to find out an analytical solution to thermal conduction problems during high temperature welding. Therefore, as an important numerical approach, the method of lines （MOLs） is introduced to solve the temperature field characterized by high gradients. The basic idea of the method is to semi-discretize the governing equation of the problem into a system of ordinary differential equations （ODEs） defined on discrete lines by means of the finite difference method, by which the thermal boundary condition with high gradients are directly embodied in formulation. Thus the temperature field can be obtained by solving the ODEs. As a numerical example, the variation of an axisymmetrical temperature field along the plate thickness can be obtained.     

Solar Irradiance Variability Since 1978

Since November 1978 a set of total solar irradiance (TSI) measurements from space is available, yielding a time series of more than 25 years. Presently, there are three TSI composites available, called PMOD, ACRIM and IRMB, which are all constructed from the same original data, but use different procedures to correct for sensitivity changes. The PMOD composite is the only one which also corrects the early HF data for degradation. The results from the detailed analysis of the VIRGO radiometry allow a good understanding of the effects influencing the long-term behaviour of classical radiometers in space. Thus, a re-analysis of the behaviour of HF/NIMBUS-7 and ACRIM-I/SMM was indicated. For the former the situation is complicated by the fact that there are no in-flight means to determine changes due to exposure to solar radiation by comparison with a less exposed radiometer on the same spacecraft. The geometry and optical property of the cavity of HF is, however, very similar to the PMO6-type radiometers, so the behaviour of the PMO6V radiometers on VIRGO can be used as a model. ACRIM-I had to be revised mainly due to a henceforth undetected early increase and a more detailed analysis of its degradation. The results are not only important for solar radiometry from space, but they also provide a more reliable TSI during cycle 21. The differences between the revised PMOD composite and the ACRIM and IRMB are discussed by comparison with a TSI reconstruction from Kitt-Peak magnetograms. As the PMOD composite is the only one which has reliable data for cycle 21, the behaviour of the three solar cycles can now be compared and the similarities and differences discussed.     

Nb对富钛TiNiAl金属间化合物强化机制的影响

 采用力学压缩试验、扫描电镜和X射线衍射方法研究了Nb元素对于Ti₅₀Ni₄₂Al₈合金的力学性能和微观组织结构的影响。结果表明，Nb能够显著提高合金从室温到700 ℃之间的强度。在600 ℃时，Ti₅₀Ni₄₀Al₈Nb₂合金的压缩屈服强度和比强度分别为1 237 MPa和216 MPa/(g·cm^-3)，超过Rene95高温合金。微观组织观察及成分分析表明，Nb元素在基体和强化相Ti₂Ni（Al）中固溶，促进强化相的弥散析出和细化，并导致高强富Nb相的析出，从而提高了合金的强度。     

QD-×××燃气轮机验证机台架试车的性能研究

QD-×××燃气轮机是由某型发动机改造成的燃气轮机,试车过程中解决了验证机起动、稳定工作并达到燃气轮机设计要求。试验数据表明:发动机改进设计后实测输出功率小于发动机设计计算功率,经过分析得出,验证机排气温度高,内涵空气流量小,是验证机输出功率小的根本原因。     

地球非球形对卫星轨道的长期影响及补偿研究

首先建立了地球非球形引力摄动模型,通过对地球非球形引力摄动对卫星轨道的长期影响分析发现,地球非球形引力摄动对卫星轨道升交点赤经和沿迹角的漂移量与时间成近似线性关系;然后推导了通过主动偏置半长轴和倾角的方法来补偿摄动长期影响的计算公式,设计了基于仿真的地球非球形引力摄动补偿方法;最后对GlobalStar星座卫星进行仿真与试验.结果表明,设计的补偿方法是可行的,摄动补偿后在地球非球形引力摄动作用下卫星轨道的长期稳定性得到了很好的保持.     

2DCf／SiC-Si复合材料的制备和性能研究

针对短时高温抗氧化的具体环境,采用先驱体转化工艺制备2D Cf/SiC-Si复合材料.首先考察首周期裂解温度对2D Cf/SiC-Si材料力学性能的影响,结果表明,首周期采用1200℃裂解,所制备的2D Cf/SiC-Si复合材料界面结合较好,弯曲强度和断裂韧性分别达到305.4MPa和15.7 MPa·m1/2.在此基础上研究了Si粉含量对材料性能的影响.结果表明,随着Si含量的增加,2D Cf/SiC-Si材料的力学性能稍有降低,而抗氧化性能明显提高,主要原因在于材料中游离碳含量的降低和Si氧化后生成的具有封填裂纹和隔氧作用的SiO2膜.     

一种高W、Mo含量Ni3Al基合金的高温氧化行为

研究了一种高W、Mo的Ni3Al基合金的1050℃静态抗氧化行为,并采用扫描电镜对不同时间氧化后合金的氧化层形貌进行分析,利用X射线衍射仪分析氧化产物的种类和数量,氧化动力学研究表明,合金的氧化动力学曲线不遵循抛物线规律,以W代Mo,能一定程度上改善高Mo的Ni3Al基合金的1050℃抗氧化性能.1050℃/100h静态氧化产物主要为NiO,NiAl2O4和NiWO4,外层氧化镍与内氧化层之间为结合薄弱区,仅氧化1h后,在冷却过程中,该区域就产生大面积开裂,致使外氧化层脱离.随氧化时间增长,合金/氧化层界面的NiAl2O4/Al2O3阻挡层逐步形成,在氧化100h时基本连续,有效降低了合金的氧化速率.     

保持飞行迎角恒定的动力补偿系统性能分析

论述了速度恒定动力补偿系统(APCS|u=0)和迎角恒定动力补偿系统(APCS|Δα=0)的主要工作原理和控制律。然后论证了APCS|Δα=0与APCS|u=0之间的关联,从而证明飞行迎角恒定系统在加快飞机的动态响应、保持稳态迎角不变的同时,也可以保持速度恒定(u=0),与APCS|u=0达到同样的效果。最后以舰载飞机自动着舰为例,进行了仿真验证。     

我国航空材料的腐蚀与防护现状与展望

评述了我国航空材料腐蚀与防护技术的现状,主要介绍了我国在自然环境试验、户内加速试验、腐蚀机理和测试、高温防护涂层以及表面处理和防护技术,展望了我国航空材料腐蚀与防护技术的发展趋势及应用前景.