航天计算机自检测技术

介绍航天容错计算机（ＣＰＵ）容错的一种硬件设计方案。这种方案采用四台ＣＰＵ的冗余来实现ＣＰＵ的自检测，以达到ＣＰＵ容错的目的。     

Real-time fault detection method based on belief rule base for aircraft navigation system

Real-time and accurate fault detection is essential to enhance the aircraft navigation system’s reliability and safety. The existent detection methods based on analytical model draws back at simultaneously detecting gradual and sudden faults. On account of this reason, we propose an online detection solution based on non-analytical model. In this article, the navigation system fault detection model is established based on belief rule base (BRB), where the system measuring residual and its changing rate are used as the inputs of BRB model and the fault detection function as the output. To overcome the drawbacks of current parameter optimization algorithms for BRB and achieve online update, a parameter recursive estimation algorithm is presented for online BRB detection model based on expectation maximization (EM) algorithm. Furthermore, the proposed method is verified by navigation experiment. Experimental results show that the proposed method is able to effectively realize online parameter evaluation in navigation system fault detection model. The output of the detection model can track the fault state very well, and the faults can be diagnosed in real time and accurately. In addition, the detection ability, especially in the probability of false detection, is superior to offline optimization method, and thus the system reliability has great improvement.     

Decentralized sliding-mode control for spacecraft attitude synchronization under actuator failures

This paper examines attitude synchronization and tracking problems with model uncertainties, external disturbances, actuator failures and control torque saturation. Two decentralized sliding mode control laws are proposed and analyzed based on algebraic graph theory. Using Barbalat׳s Lemma, it is shown that the control laws guarantee each spacecraft approaches the desired time-varying attitude and angular velocity while maintaining attitude synchronization among the other spacecraft in the formation. The first controller is designed in the presence of model uncertainties, external disturbances, and actuator failures. The results are extended to the case with control input saturation in the second controller. Both control laws do not require online identification of failures. Numerical simulations are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed attitude synchronization and tracking approaches.     

军用飞机电气系统控制与管理技术概述

给电气负载提供可靠的不中断供电电源是现代飞机电气系统需要达到的基本目标,采用多路传输技术和容错供电技术是实现该目标的有效途径.本文总结了目前航空发达国家在军用飞机电气系统中实现自动控制与管理时采用的典型技术、达到的性能指标及包含的关键技术;介绍了国内在这方面的研究现状和最近取得的研究成果.并对该技术可能的发展趋势作出了展望.     

Robust adaptive compensation control for unmanned autonomous helicopter with input saturation and actuator faults

This paper studies a robust adaptive compensation Fault Tolerant Control(FTC) for the medium-scale Unmanned Autonomous Helicopter(UAH) in the presence of external disturbances,actuator faults and input saturation.To improve the disturbance rejection capacity of the UAH system in actuator healthy case, an adaptive control method is adopted to cope with the external disturbances and a nominal controller is proposed to stabilize the system.Meanwhile, compensation control inputs are designed to reduce the negative effects derived from actuator faults and input saturation.Based on the backstepping control and inner-outer loop control technologies, a robust adaptive FTC scheme is developed to guarantee the tracking errors convergence.Under the presented FTC controller, the uniform ultimate boundedness of all closed-loop signals is ensured via Lyapunov stability analysis.Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control algorithm.     

分布式可重构容错计算机设计技术的探讨

对分布式可重构容错计算机系统用于空间站的设计技术作了粗略探讨。其中主要包括:用分布、并行和重构方法提高可靠性和吞吐量,以及可复用软件库和开发工具的应用技术。     

高超声速飞行器控制技术研究进展与展望

针对一类包含可变构型在内的高超声速飞行器的难点,分析了工程应用需求,综述了几类典型的非线性控制方法的研究进展。首先针对高超声速飞行器的几类常见研究模型,总结了模型来源及特点;其次,以实际工程需求为出发点,分析了此类飞行器的控制难点及对于控制系统能力提出的需求;再者,总结了高超声速飞行器几种典型非线性控制及智能控制研究的基本情况和进展,并给出了各类控制方案的框架;最后,面向未来任务形式多样化、环境复杂化的飞行器控制,讨论了可以进一步研究的问题和方向。     

基于新型终端滑模的航天器执行器故障容错姿态控制简

 针对受干扰的刚体航天器冗余执行器存在故障与控制受限的姿态跟踪控制问题,提出一类基于新型指数形式的非奇异快速滑模面（ENFTSM）与趋近律的姿态容错控制器设计方法。当部分推力器发生故障时,假设剩余推力器具有输出饱和特性且能提供足够推力保证航天器执行任务,相比一般终端滑模控制器,本文设计的控制器不仅能使系统状态以更快的速度到达平衡点,且不需要在线对执行器故障信息进行检测和分离。基于Lyapunov方法证明本文设计的控制器能保证闭环系统稳定,且能有效地抑制外部干扰、控制受限和执行器故障等约束。最后对提出的控制算法进行了数值仿真,其结果表明了该控制器的有效性。     

一种预测疲劳短裂纹扩展曲线簇的方法

 本文提供了一种用疲劳长裂纹恒K_(max)降ΔK近内在门槛区数据预测疲劳短裂纹扩展曲线簇(σ为外加应力半幅,c为表面裂纹半长)的方法。由于恒K_(max)降ΔK的试验数据容易获得,相对稳定;又由于预测中引用了A.Navarro发展的位错描述方程,使所得短裂纹扩展特性分别计及了扩展速率的固有变动性和与外加应力的相关性。此预测方法为在紧凑结构部件中应用疲劳短裂纹扩展特性,进行损伤容限设计和安全寿命评估,提供了实施的良好前景。     

一种基于模型的涡扇发动机容错控制策略

针对民用涡扇发动机,研究了一种基于模型的航空发动机容错控制策略.在发动机原有闭环控制系统的基础上,该策略对发动机各控制量进行容错控制修正,达到缓和甚至消除故障对控制系统影响的目的.针对民用涡扇发动机常见的高压压气机和高压涡轮性能退化故障,提出了以恢复发动机运行性能为目的的性能指标,通过遗传算法离线计算得到容错控制计划表,并利用插值计算实现在线容错控制.经仿真验证,该策略控制性能良好、实现简单.结果表明:在确保各温度限制不超标的情况下,受影响较大的增压级喘振裕度恢复至故障发生前的水平,同时风扇与高压压气机喘振裕度的降幅不超过5%,推力的降幅不超过3%.