双U型管束模型换热器的流动和传热特性

为了研究双U型管束模型换热器的流动和传热性能,通过低速高温风洞的模型实验和Fluent-CFD数值计算,得到了换热器的管型和安装角对换热器压降和回热效率的影响规律。结果表明:在相同的双U型管管内气流平均流动速度下,椭圆管换热器的管内流动压降高于圆管换热器的,相对增加幅度在50%~60%之间;对于外部流动,换热器安装角度增大所诱导的外部流动压降显著增加,在换热器30°的安装角下,椭圆形管束的低阻流动型面得以充分体现,其外部流动压降较圆形管束换热器可以降低约50%;随着换热器安装角的增加,换热器回热效率具有明显的提高;相对换热器安装角,换热器管型对回热效率的影响较小,集气管的进气-出气方式对双U型管束换热器的回热效率具有较显著的影响。     

冷气预旋系统温降与流阻特性的试验

简化发动机冷气预旋系统,对特定结构的两种冷气进口预旋角度的转静盘腔系统,开展冷气温降和流阻特性的试验研究.建立预旋系统旋转试验台,在旋转部件表面采用微型压力传感器测量压力,经过标定校正后获得预旋系统的出口总压.获得了旋转雷诺数、无量纲质量流量对预旋系统温降和流阻特性的影响规律.研究结果表明:对两种角度的预旋喷嘴,无量纲温降随无量纲质量流量的增大先增大后减小,随旋转雷诺数的增大而减小;无量纲压降随无量纲质量流量的增大而增大,随旋转雷诺数的增大而减小.      

Investigation of vertical profile of rain microstructure at Ahmedabad in Indian tropical region

The microstructure of rain has been studied with observations using a vertical looking Micro Rain Radar (MRR) at Ahmedabad (23.06°N, 72.62°E), a tropical location in the Indian region. The rain height, derived from the bright band signature of melting layer of radar reflectivity profile, is found to be variable between the heights 4600 m and 5200 m. The change in the nature of rain, classified on the basis of radar reflectivity, is also observed through the MRR. It has been found that there are three types of rain, namely, convective, mixed and stratiform rain, prevailing with different vertical rain microstructures, such as, Drop Size Distribution (DSD), mean drop size, rain rate, liquid water content and average fall speed of the drops at different heights. It is observed that the vertical DSD profile is more inhomogeneous for mixed and stratiform type rain than for convective type rain. It is also found that the large number of drops of size <0.5 mm is present in convective rain whereas in stratiform rain, drops concentration is appreciable up to 1 mm. A comparison of measurements taken by ground based Disdrometer and that from the 200 m level obtained from MRR shows good agreement for rain rate and DSD at smaller rain rate values. The results may be useful for understanding rain structures over this region.     

温度对油——气式起落架缓冲性能的影响研究

油—气式缓冲器内部的油液特性及充气压力会随环境温度而变化,进而影响起落架的缓冲性能。为了探究温度对油—气式起落架缓冲性能的影响,在起落架落震试验的基础上,提出一种缓冲器环境温度模拟方法,并分析油—气式起落架缓冲器在20～80℃环境温度下的缓冲性能。结果表明：在所研究的温度范围内,缓冲器初始充气压力对温度变化敏感,随着温度的升高,缓冲器内部空气弹簧刚度增大而油液阻尼力减小,起落架系统的地面垂直载荷变大而缓冲系统效率系数降低,温度对油—气式起落架缓冲器性能影响显著。     

Study of thermo-fluidic characteristics for geometric-anisotropy Kagome truss-cored lattice

The aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive comparison of the thermal insulation and heat transfer performance for Kagome truss-cored lattice along two perpendicular orientations OA and OB. Three test conditions are conducted under forced air convection for the titanium sandwich panel fabricated by 3 D printing technology. The thermo-fluidic characteristics are further explored by numerical simulation to reveal the underlying mechanisms of heat transfer enhancement.The results indicate that the orientation OB exhibits better thermal insulation than orientation OA under the identical temperature loading, while the latter outperforms the former by up to 20% higher overall heat transfer performance. In particular, the endwalls and lattice core in orientation OA achieve 9.7% and 22.5% higher area-averaged Nusselt number respectively than that in orientation OB for a given Reynolds number. The heat transfer superiority of orientation OA comes from the unique topology which induces the large scale spiral primary flows, facilitating the heat exchange between the cooling air and the surfaces of sandwich panel. However, the complex flow mixing leads to a maximum of 20% higher friction factor in orientation OA than that in orientation OB.     

内埋武器机弹分离相容性研究进展综述

为满足新型有人或无人作战飞机高隐身、高速和高机动性等要求，作战飞机普遍采用武器内埋挂载方式。当高速气流流过内埋武器舱的空腔时，将引发边界层分离、舱口附近会存在复杂的剪切流动、舱内会产生极为恶劣的噪声环境等非定常流动现象，这些复杂的非定常流动现象严重影响内埋武器机弹分离相容性（ASSC）。首先，给出内埋武器机弹分离相容性的重要研究意义；接着，重点介绍内埋武器机弹分离相容性的研究进展；最后，论述和总结了国内外采用4种方法（理论分析与建模、风洞试验、数值模拟和飞行试验）研究内埋武器机弹分离相容性及其流动控制方法的进展，指出内埋武器机弹分离相容研究存在的主要问题，并给出几点建议。     

各级差异化多级刷式密封级间压降均衡性数值与实验研究

分析多级刷式密封级间压降分配特性理论,提出新型各级差异化多级刷式密封结构,基于流固耦合方法建立新型多级刷式密封三维实体计算模型,设计搭建新型多级刷式密封泄漏流动特性实验装置,数值与实验研究在不同工况条件下,结构参数对新型结构多级刷式密封级间压降均衡性和泄漏特性的影响规律。研究结果表明：传统结构多级刷式密封各级级间压降占比均衡性标准差为8.41,新型结构各级级间压降占比均衡性标准差最大为4.69,最小为2.07。相较传统各级相同结构,增大下游级有效流通面积的新型各级差异化多级刷式密封可有效改善级间压降的不均衡性。提高后挡板保护高度使得新型结构各级级间压降占比均衡性标准差最小,各级级间压降占比较接近,可明显改善新型结构多级刷式密封级间压降均衡性。减少刷丝束厚度和增大刷丝束与转子面间隙使新型结构多级刷式密封的泄漏量增大明显。     

Variation of rain drop size distribution with rain rate at a few coastal and high altitude stations in southern peninsular India

Rain drop size distribution (DSD) was measured at four places in Southern India {Thiruvananthapuram, Kochi, Munnar and Sriharikota (SHAR)} using a Joss–Waldvogel (JW) impact type disdrometer. The data for each minute were corrected for dead time errors and rain rate was computed from the corrected data. The data for a whole month were then sorted according to rain rate (R) into several classes ranging from 0.1 to >100 mm/h. The average DSD in each class was computed, and the lognormal distribution function was fitted to the average. In all the cases, the function fitted the data very well. The fit parameters were found to have dependence on rain rate. The total number of drops (N_T), the geometric mean diameter (D_g) and the standard geometric deviation (σ) were also computed from the fit parameters. The standard geometric deviation (σ) was found to be more or less constant with rain rate at all the sites and in all months. The other two parameters (N_T and D_g) were found to vary exponentially with rain rate except in Munnar, a high altitude station. At Thiruvananthapuram, in most of the months, N_T increased exponentially with rain rate up to some value of R, which was different in different months, and then remained more or less constant or decrease slightly. In all cases, the variation of N_T and D_g was such that N_TD_g³ increased linearly with rain rate.     

双级轴向旋流杯气量比对雾化性能影响的试验

为探索小状态下改善雾化性能的途径,从调节旋流杯气量分配的角度出发,对不同一、二级气量比的双级轴向旋流杯开展了试验研究,获得了气量比对液滴平均直径、液滴尺寸分布指数以及喷雾锥角的影响规律。试验结果表明:气量比的增大不仅降低液滴平均直径,而且使得旋流杯在较宽的供油压差范围内都具有良好的雾化品质,可实现小状态下雾化性能的改善。旋流杯喷雾锥角随气量比的增大而增大,随供油压差的增大而增大并逐渐趋于稳定。旋流杯总气量恒定时,气量比接近1时的综合雾化性能最佳。      

电传飞机模型自由飞试验飞行控制技术研究

以静不稳定飞机模型为研究对象,开展了电传飞机模型自由飞试验控制律设计及验证方法研究.主要介绍了模型自由飞试验的特点和飞行控制律设计原则,设计和验证了电传飞机模型试验控制律,并通过模型自由飞试验验证了控制律的适用性.