湿热环境下K-cor夹层复合材料的力学性能

K-cor夹层结构是应用Z-pin技术增强的一种新型高性能夹层结构,本文研究了Z-pin不同植入密度对K-cor夹层结构试样吸湿特性的影响规律,在此基础上对不同Z-pin植入参数对试样湿热前后三点弯曲性能和压缩性能的影响规律进行了深入研究。研究结果表明：夹层结构中Z-pin的植入能提高试样的尺寸稳定性,且不会对其吸湿率造成明显影响;Z-pin植入密度的增加能明显提高湿热前后试样三点弯曲强度和压缩强度,且具有较高的强度保持率,Z-pin密度为12 mm×12 mm的K-cor夹层结构湿热处理试样的三点弯曲强度比未湿热处理空白试样的要高11.1%,8 mm×8 mm湿热处理K-cor试样的芯部压缩强度比未湿热处理空白夹层结构试样要高17.5%,体现出K-cor夹层结构优异的抗湿热性能;而Z-pin植入角度的减小能明显提高试样湿热处理前后的压缩强度,0°植入K-cor试样湿热处理后的芯部压缩强度与40°植入K-cor试样未湿热处理的基本相同,但植入角度对三点弯曲强度影响较小。     

板材滚弯成形技术在反推门外蒙皮补片修理中的应用

某型发动机反推门外蒙皮采用挖补的方法修复裂纹,纯手工制作补片难以达到型面要求。本文介绍了板材滚弯成形技术在反推门外蒙皮修理中的应用,通过机械成形完成反推门的外蒙皮补片型面的加工,可以保证补片型面与蒙皮型面的贴合度,减少了补片的安装应力,提高了修理能力。     

角接触球轴承在高速大载荷工况下滑油中断耐受能力分析

通过研究角接触球轴承断油故障的故障复现现象,发现断油耐受能力不足的初期故障模式为滚动体与内圈之间发生三点接触。使用三点接触分析法对轴承断油耐受能力进行计算,结合相似轴承的计算分析,结果表明:垫片角越大,轴承抗断油能力越差,垫片角为25°的情况下轴承抗断油能力较差。通过断油后轴承的瞬态温度场分析,结合三点接触分析法,确定原设计状态的轴承断油耐受时间为25 s,不具备耐受断油30 s的能力。根据分析的结论,将该轴承的垫片角减小到19°,落实改进措施后的轴承通过了试验器验证和发动机试车验证。      

基于EtherCat总线的高速多轴联动智能弯管机控制系统

弯管机作为管件弯曲成型的主要机械设备,广泛应用于各行业领域。随着竞争力水平提高,市场对弯管机在效率和自动化程度方面提出了更高的要求。针对侧弯式弯管机的特点,提出一种基于EtherCat总线的伺服运动控制系统。该控制系统有着更强大的数据处理能力,能保证各个轴的动态连续性和控制精度,充分满足各种不同大小、不同角度的管件弯管需求。     

Deformation Behavior of Medium-strength TA18 High-pressure Tubes During NC Bending with Different Bending Radii

To improve the forming quality and forming limit of the numerical control (NC) bending of high-pressure titanium alloy tubes, in this study, using three-dimensional (3D) finite element method, deformation behavior of medium-strength TA18 high-pressure tubes during NC bending with different bending radii is investigated. The results show that the cross-sectional deformation and the wall thickness variation during NC bending of TA18 tubes using a small bending radius (less than 2 times of tube outside diameter) are clearly different from that using a normal bending radius (between 2 and 4 times of tube outside diameter). For bending with a normal bending radius, with or without a mandrel, the distribution of the flattening in the bending area resembles a platform and an asymmetric parabola, respectively. For bending with a small bending radius, with or without a mandrel, the flattening both distributes like a parabola, but the former has a stable peak which deflects toward the initial bending section, and the latter has a more pronounced peak with a bending angle and deflects slightly toward the bending section. The wall thickness variations with a normal bending radius, with and without a mandrel, both resemble a platform when the bending angle exceeds a certain angle. For the bending with a small radius, the distribution of the wall thickness variation without a mandrel follows an approximate parabola which increases in value as the bending angle increases. If a mandrel is used, the thickening ratio increases from the initial bending section to the bending section.     

A Study on Multi-defect Constrained Bendability of Thin-walled Tube NC Bending Under Different Clearance

Thin-walled tube numerical control (NC) bending is a tri-nonlinear physical process with multi-defect and multi-die constraints. The clearance on each contact interface is the major factor to indicate the contact conditions. A three-dimensional-finite element (3D-FE) model is established to consider the realistic dynamic boundary conditions of multiple dies under ABAQUS/Explicit platform. Combined with experiment, numerical study on bending behavior and bendability under different clearance between tube and various dies is conducted in terms of wrinkling, wall thinning and cross section deformation. The results show that (1)with smaller clearance of tube-wiper die and tube-mandrel, the wrinkling can be restrained while the wall thinning It and cross-section deformation Id increase; while excessive small clearance blocks tube materials to flow past tangent point and causes piles up, the onset of wrinkling enhances It and Id. (2)Both It and Id decrease with smaller clearance of tube-pressure die; the wrinkling possibility rises with larger clearance on this interface if the mandrel’s freedom along Y-axis is opened; smaller clearance of tube-bend die prevents wrinkling while increases It, and the clearance on this interface has little effect on Id. (3)A modified Yoshida buckling test (YBT) is used to address the wrinkling mechanisms under normal constraints in tube bending: the smaller clearance may restrain wrinkling efficiently; the smaller wall thickness, the less critical clearance needed; the critical clearance for tube bending 38 mm×1 mm×57 mm (tube outer diameter×wall thickness×centerline bending radius) equals about 20% of initial wall thickness.     

瞄准吊舱捷联惯导系统快速传递对准方法

 新型瞄准吊舱系统中安装捷联惯导系统,使其在跟踪、探测目标的同时具备一定的自主导航能力。吊舱系统中的捷联惯导一般采用较低精度的惯性器件配置,且传递对准实现过程受到机动条件的严格限制。针对该问题提出了一种“比力积分/角速度匹配”传递对准方法,利用主惯导导航信息与惯性器件输出,以及子惯导惯性器件输出实现子惯导的对准。推导了基于主、子惯导系统误差的数学模型,详细分析了器件精度与低动态条件对系统状态量可观测度的影响,并针对低精度惯性器件与低动态条件下的传递对准性能进行了数字仿真。仿真结果表明,该方法在器件低精度与低动态条件下,对准性能达到5′,优于常规传递对准方法,可满足瞄准吊舱捷联惯导系统的快速对准性能要求。     

Forming Characteristics of Al-alloy Large-diameter Thin-walled Tubes in NC-bending Under Axial Compressive Loads

Tube thinning control without wrinkling occurring is a key problem urgently to be solved for improving the forming qualities in numerical control (NC) bending processes of large-diameter Al-alloy thin-walled tubes (AATTs). It may be a way solving this problem to exert axial compression loads (ACL) on the tube end in the bending. Thus, this article establishes a three-dimensional (3D) elastic-plastic explicit finite element (FE) model for the bending under ACL and has its reliability verified. Through a multi-index orthogonal experiment design, a combination of process parameters, each expressed by a proper range, for this FE model is derived to overcome the compression instability on tube ends. By combining the FE model with a wrinkling energy prediction model, an in-depth study is conducted on the forming characteristics of large-diameter AATTs with small bending radii and it can be concluded that (1) The larger the tube diameters and the smaller the bending radii, the larger the induced tangent tension stress zones on tube intrados, by which the tube maximum tangent compression stress zones will be partitioned in the bending processes; thus, the smaller the ACL roles in decreasing thinning degrees and the larger the compression instability possibilities on tube ends. (2) The tube wrinkling possibilities under ACL are larger than without ACL acting in the earlier forming periods, and smaller in the later ones. (3) For the tubes with a size factor less than 80, the ACL roles in decreasing thinning degrees are stronger than in increasing wrinkling possibilities.     

复合材料加筋板结构的二级协同优化设计方法

针对复合材料加筋板结构的布局和铺层优化问题,发展了一种二级优化设计技术。第一级采用基于近似模型技术的布局优化方法,以筋条形式、个数、截面形状和铺层厚度作为设计变量,以结构质量最轻为目标函数,实现加筋板结构布局形式和截面尺寸的布局优化;第二级借助于等效弯曲刚度法和遗传算法,考虑层合板的制造和工艺约束,以层合板的各铺层角作为设计变量,以层合板弯曲刚度系数与上一级优化所给最优弯曲刚度系数之间的误差最小为目标,实现了复合材料加筋板在固定铺层层数下的铺层顺序优化;在二级优化的基础上,通过协调稳定性约束,实现综合优化。算例表明:采用二级优化设计方法,可以很好地实现复合材料加筋板的布局优化设计。     

火箭动态弯矩测量的频响特性分析

介绍了火箭动态弯矩测量的方法和原理,利用横向弯曲振动梁理论,首次推导了悬臂梁和自由梁的端面弯矩动态放大倍数表达式,对箭体结构偏保守地计算了不同边界条件的载荷动态放大倍数。动态弯矩测量的频响范围可达到100Hz,测量部段的壳体响应频率(约150Hz)不影响30Hz以下的截面载荷测量结果,箭体动态弯矩测量方法的频响特性满足测量要求。另外分析了箭体直径变化的影响,比较了箭体动态弯矩测量与风洞测力天平的异同。