发电机组定子绕组整体下沉处理与分析

以乌鲁瓦提水电厂2号发电机组定子绕组为研究对象,对其出现整体下沉的现象进行原因分析、危害分析,确定了定子绕组下沉的处理方法,给出了所需具体的工具、材料,对比了处理前后的试验数据。实践证明,提出的处理方法对其他的定子绕组整体下沉问题的判断和处理具有一定的实践指导意义。     

Autonomous space target tracking through state estimation techniques via ground-based passive optical telescope

The presence of operational satellites or small-body space debris is a challenge for autonomous ground-based space object observation. Although most space objects exceeding 10?cm in diameter have been cataloged, the position of each space object (based on six orbital parameters) remains important and should be updated periodically, as the Earth’s orbital perturbations cause disturbances. Modern ground-based passive optical telescopes equipped with complementary metal-oxide semiconductors have become widely used in astrometry engineering, being combined with image processing techniques for target signal enhancement. However, the detection and tracking performance of this equipment when employed with image processing techniques primarily depends on the size and brightness of the space target, which appears on the monitor screen under variable background interference conditions. A small and dim target has a highly sensitive tracking error compared to a bright target. Moreover, most image processing techniques for target signal enhancement require large computational power and memory; therefore, automatic tracking of a space target is difficult. The present work investigates autonomous space target detection and tracking to achieve high-sensitivity detection and improved tracking ability for non-Gaussian and dynamic backgrounds with a simple system mechanism and computational efficiency. We develop an improved particle filter (PF) using the ensemble Kalman filter (KF) for track-before-detect (TBD) frameworks, by modifying and optimizing the computational formula for our non-linear measurement function. We call this extended version the “ensemble Kalman PF-TBD (EnKPF-TBD).” Three sequential astronomical image datasets taken by the Asia-Pacific Ground-Based Optical Space Objects Observation System (APOSOS) telescope under different conditions are used to evaluate three proposed TBD baseline frameworks. Given an optimal random sample size, the EnKPF-TBD exhibits superior performance to PF-TBD and threshold-based unscented KF with two-dimensional peak search (2dPS). The EnKPF-TBD scheme achieves satisfactory performance for all variable background interference conditions, especially for a small and dim space target, in terms of tracking accuracy and computational efficiency.     

美国"未来成像体系结构"关键技术及失败原因分析

"未来成像体系结构"(FIA)是美国国家侦察局(NRO)于20世纪末提出的一项美国下一代成像侦察卫星星座计划,提出伊始雄心勃勃,但最终却走向费用严重超支、发射一再推迟的失败命运。文章简单介绍了"未来成像体系结构"的基本情况,分析了其中涉及的关键技术以及造成该计划失败的根本原因,最后介绍了美国替代"未来成像体系结构"计划的发展规划及其对我国未来发展天基成像侦察系统的战略启示。     

基于图像的测量方法在工业风洞跨声速流测量中的最新进展

风洞中非定常复杂流场的实验研究要求先进的测量技术.基于图像的测量技术中最重要的是测量平面流速度场、平面压强分布、模型位置和变形、模型温度以及定量的高速流可视化等技术.DLR(德国宇航研究院)对这些技术的应用包括从低速流到跨声速流、从增升装置到螺旋桨和旋翼、从弹射装置和水塔储水罐尾迹流旋涡到三角翼上涡破裂现象等的研究.由于跨声速风洞的特殊环境,将基于图像的测量技术用于跨声速流要求专门的技术开发和有经验的科学家.给出了DLR空气动力学和流动技术研究所将基于图像的测量技术应用于跨声速流研究的最新进展.     

具有无穷时滞的非线性Volterra反应扩散系统解的先验界

详细讨论了具有无穷时滞的非线性Volterra反应扩散系统解的先验界与吸引性,运用上下解方法和单调迭代方法,得到了在某些假定下当t→∞时解趋于先验界及在某些特殊情况下t→∞时解趋于正常数的充分条件。     

大面积石墨烯薄膜转移技术研究进展

化学气相沉积法合成的石墨烯薄膜在实现石墨烯产业化应用过程中,依赖于大面积薄膜转移技术的突破性进展。本文按照中介物过渡转移法、直接干法和湿法转移法、大规模卷对卷转移法分类介绍了现有的30多种石墨烯薄膜转移方法,从微观机理到宏观实现方法对比了三类方法的优缺点和适用范围:中介物过渡转移法主要用于实验室阶段科学探索,转移后的薄膜质量高但尺寸小;直接干法和湿法转移法减少了中介物过渡流程,但仍处于小试阶段;大规模卷对卷转移法借鉴了半导体薄膜工业成熟的卷对卷技术,实现了米级尺寸薄膜的高效和可重复性转移,是目前批量化转移石墨烯薄膜的最有效途径。     

Orbital maneuver strategy design based on piecewise linear optimization for spacecraft soft landing on irregular asteroids

Recently, asteroid exploration becomes an important branch of human’s deep space activities. In this paper, a piecewise linear optimal orbital maneuver strategy is designed for a spacecraft soft landing on irregular-shaped asteroids. First, the space around an irregular asteroid is converted into several grid units, and the gravitational field of the asteroid is linearly fitted in each unit. Then, the soft-landing orbital maneuver strategy design problem is formulated as a piecewise linear optimal problem, and further transferred into a family of two-point boundary value problems, which can be solved using collocation method. Finally, a corresponding algorithm is developed to obtain the piecewise linear optimal maneuver strategy, which is proved to be able to achieve the soft-landing mission well. Simulation results show that the error of the model linearization is small enough, while the calculation efficiency is remarkably improved, and the robustness of maneuver strategy is also improved.     

空间自适应光学研究

文章阐述了空间成像光学系统发展状况,揭示了空间自适应光学的重要意义;从误差源、系统一体化建模与仿真、关键技术及地面实验验证系统四方面探讨了空间自适应光学的主要研究内容．并提出了其未来的前沿研究方向。     

Validation of numerical prediction of dynamic derivatives: The DLR-F12 and the Transcruiser test cases

The dynamic derivatives are widely used in linear aerodynamic models in order to determine the flying qualities of an aircraft: the ability to predict them reliably, quickly and sufficiently early in the design process is vital in order to avoid late and costly component redesigns. This paper describes experimental and computational research dealing with the determination of dynamic derivatives carried out within the FP6 European project SimSAC. Numerical and experimental results are compared for two aircraft configurations: a generic civil transport aircraft, wing-fuselage-tail configuration called the DLR-F12 and a generic Transonic CRuiser, which is a canard configuration. Static and dynamic wind tunnel tests have been carried out for both configurations and are briefly described within this paper. The data generated for both the DLR-F12 and TCR configurations include force and pressure coefficients obtained during small amplitude pitch, roll and yaw oscillations while the data for the TCR configuration also include large amplitude oscillations, in order to investigate the dynamic effects on nonlinear aerodynamic characteristics. In addition, dynamic derivatives have been determined for both configurations with a large panel of tools, from linear aerodynamic (Vortex Lattice Methods) to CFD. This work confirms that an increase in fidelity level enables the dynamic derivatives to be calculated more accurately. Linear aerodynamics tools are shown to give satisfactory results but are very sensitive to the geometry/mesh input data. Although all the quasi-steady CFD approaches give comparable results (robustness) for steady dynamic derivatives, they do not allow the prediction of unsteady components for the dynamic derivatives (angular derivatives with respect to time): this can be done with either a fully unsteady approach i.e. with a time-marching scheme or with frequency domain solvers, both of which provide comparable results for the DLR-F12 test case. As far as the canard configuration is concerned, strong limitations for the linear aerodynamic tools are observed. A key aspect of this work are the acceleration techniques developed for CFD methods, which allow the computational time to be dramatically reduced while providing comparable results.     

歼击机配装主动雷达制导导弹关键技术研究

结合某型飞机的研制 ,总结了歼击机配装主动雷达型导弹需要解决的关键技术 ,论述了解决这些关键技术的一般技术途径和方法。