太阳电池阵铰链机构刚度等效方法

组成铰链机构的各铰链均为可活动的部件,给太阳电池阵的建模和分析带来很大难度。文章采取试验测定铰链机构刚度并直接代入太阳电池阵有限元模型的方法,通过与试验对比,确定等效的铰链机构刚度值,可大大提高太阳电池阵的建模和分析的精度     

Shape Modification by Beam Model in FEM

Shape modification and deformation play an important role in the filed of geometry modeling, computer graphics, conceptual design and so on. A novel physically based shape modification approach is presented in this article, with beam model in finite element method (FEM). By means of interactively creating a beam with circle cross section based on pre-defined local coordinate system, the primitive geometry model is embedded in the beam globally or locally. After imposing external loads, such as concentrated force or couple, on selected nodes, their displacement can be computed. Moreover, deflection, axial deformation and twist angle of beam model can also be interpolated using shape function matrix. As a result, object is modified as a part of beam. The proposed approach is linear, simple and fast, by which stretch, bending, taping and twist deformation can be accomplished. Finally, some experimental results are given to demonstrate that the presented method is potentially useful in geometry modeling and shape design.     

带预紧力螺栓连接的机匣刚度分析

为了很好的模拟螺栓连接对发动机机匣刚性的影响,利用ANSYS非线性接触算法对螺栓连接进行了仿真计算,利用轴向力模拟了螺栓的预紧力,通过一系列不同的螺栓预紧力的计算,得到了机匣弯曲刚度与螺栓预紧力的关系曲线,并分析了螺栓连接对发动机机匣刚性的影响,为复杂结构中的螺栓连接简化提供了可靠的依据。     

底部排气弹减阻特性的合理设计

本文提出了底部排气弹减阻特性设计的一般原则与方法。给出了达到最优弹道性能设计的方法与约束条件。该方法对底排减阻特性研究与底部排气弹设计有较大的理论与实用价值。     

Tip-leakage flow loss reduction in a two-stage turbine using axisymmetric-casing contouring

In order to reduce the losses caused by tip-leakage flow, axisymmetric contouring is applied to the casing of a two-stage unshrouded high pressure turbine（HPT） of aero-engine in this paper. This investigation focuses on the effects of contoured axisymmetric-casing on the blade tipleakage flow. While the size of tip clearance remains the same as the original design, the rotor casing and the blade tip are obtained with the same contoured arc shape. Numerical calculation results show that a promotion of 0.14% to the overall efficiency is achieved. Detailed analysis indicates that it reduces the entropy generation rate caused by the complex vortex structure in the rotor tip region, especially in the tip-leakage vortex. The low velocity region in the leading edge（LE） part of the tip gap is enlarged and the pressure side/tip junction separation bubble extends much further away from the leading edge in the clearance. So the blocking effect of pressure side/tip junction separation bubble on clearance flow prevents more flow on the tip pressure side from leaking to the suction side, which results in weaker leakage vortex and less associated losses.     

高雷诺数下机翼表面层流段长度对减阻量的影响

层流减阻技术是提高飞机经济性的重要手段,开展可应用于工程实践的层流减阻研究具有重要的意义。针对某民用飞机翼身组合体构型,采用数值模拟法分别研究雷诺数为1.0×107和1.8×107时全湍流以及机翼弦向保持7%、15%、20%、30%、40%层流段长度范围的减阻特性。结果表明:与全湍流情况相比,层流段长度的增加可以有效减小飞机阻力,增加升阻比;当层流段长度保持在40%时,飞机的减阻量可以达到11.0%左右,而升阻比可增加12.3%左右,且在较小雷诺数下有着更大的减阻收益;层流范围增加可有效减小摩擦阻力系数。     

多区域自由变形技术在短舱安装位置减阻设计中的应用研究

为了进行短舱安装位置参数的减阻优化设计研究,首先在NURBS样条基函数的基础上建立了多区域自由变形(FFD)技术,通过对FFD控制体框架边界条件的合理选取建立组合框架,实现了多个控制框架对复杂外形不同区域的自由变形参数化,采用多个控制框架的空间控制体对某型客机短舱安装位置进行减阻优化设计。试验设计取样之后应用随机权重粒子群算法和Kriging代理模型建立气动外形优化系统,对某型客机短舱水平位置和水平安装角进行气动优化设计。优化设计结果表明,设计后的短舱位置使得整个飞机在一定攻角范围内的阻力显著减小,从而证明了基于多区域自由变形技术建立的优化设计系统是合理和实用的。     

力反馈式电液伺服阀衔铁组件力学模型

电液伺服阀衔铁组件是连接电-机械转换器和液压放大器的柔性构件,其刚度是影响伺服阀动静态特性的重要因素。针对衔铁组件精密零部件刚度的精确分析理论欠缺的问题,将衔铁组件等效为变截面弹性组合梁结构,考虑剪力对结构变形的影响,建立了基于能量守恒原理的衔铁组件柔度矩阵静力学解析模型。进一步,提出了弹簧管、反馈杆和挡板刚度以及组件综合刚度的高精度计算方法。并作了弹簧管刚度测量和反馈杆柔度测量,理论计算结果与测量结果吻合。所建立的衔铁组件柔度矩阵模型及刚度计算式可为衔铁组件柔性构件匹配设计和精密零件刚度标定提供依据。     

Mesh deformation on 3D complex configurations using multistep radial basis functions interpolation

The Radial Basis Function (RBF) method with data reduction is an effective way to perform mesh deformation. However, for large deformations on meshes of complex aerodynamic configurations, the efficiency of the RBF mesh deformation method still needs to be further improved to fulfill the demand of practical application. To achieve this goal, a multistep RBF method based on a multilevel subspace RBF algorithm is presented to further improve the efficiency of the mesh deformation method in this research. A whole deformation is divided into a series of steps, and the supporting radius is adjusted in accordance with the maximal displacement error. Furthermore, parallel computing is applied to the interpolation to enhance the efficiency. Typical deformation problems of the NASA Common Research Model (CRM) configuration, the DLR-F6 wing-body-nacelle-pylon configuration, and the DLR-F11 high-lift configuration are tested to verify the feasibility of this method. Test results show that the presented multistep RBF mesh deformation method is efficient and robust in dealing with large deformation problems over complex geometries.     

考虑壁板刚度匹配的大型飞机复合材料机翼气动弹性优化设计

针对大型飞机复合材料机翼,发展了一种考虑壁板刚度匹配的气动弹性优化设计方法。基于敏度算法,以结构质量最小化为目标,以壁板刚度匹配、颤振速度、翼尖变形、设计许用值、工艺性等为约束,在严重载荷状态下设计复合材料机翼结构,研究不同壁板刚度匹配要求对于优化设计结果的影响,并与传统优化设计结果进行比较。结果表明:考虑壁板刚度匹配需要付出一定的结构质量,但对局部稳定性设计、损伤容限设计和大型复合材料壁板制造有利;壁板刚度匹配设计范围对于优化设计结果影响显著,需要根据设计和制造要求合理确定;压缩设计许用值是影响复合材料机翼气动弹性优化设计的关键约束。