民用客机可变弯度机翼优化设计研究

远程宽体客机在实际飞行状态下,机翼变弯度有效减阻能够提升客机性能和飞行品质。以全机配平构型为研究对象,基于襟翼、扰流板偏转建立变弯度模型;采用RANS方程实现阻力的精确求解并建立响应面模型,对不同升力系数、马赫数的多个飞行状态进行变弯度减阻优化;在此基础上,对实际飞行过程中变弯度操作需求及综合减阻性能进行分析,并采用布雷盖公式评估机翼变弯度后全航段综合巡航效率。结果表明：在巡航马赫数飞行时,采用两次变弯度设置即可在较宽的升力系数范围内获得减阻收益;在10 km定高巡航时,机翼变弯度可使整个航段综合减阻1.9 cts,航时、航程提高0.72%;在8和10 km进行一次阶梯巡航,机翼变弯度可使整个航段综合减阻2.9 cts,航时、航程提高1.19%。     

弹性环刚度特性研究

本文针对两种弹性环刚度的计算方法——解析法和有限元法进行了对比,分析了各自的适用条件,并基于有限元法分析了涡动角、凸台参数和配合间隙对弹性环刚度的影响,为弹性环的结构设计提供了参考。     

沟槽壁湍流多尺度相干结构实验研究

应用热线测速技术,对沟槽壁面平板湍流边界层的减阻机理进行了实验研究.测量了风洞中并排放置的沟槽壁面平板及光滑壁面平板湍流边界层在不同雷诺数下不同法向位置的瞬时流向、法向速度分量的时间序列信号.运用流向速度分量信号的多尺度子波系数辨识壁湍流多尺度相干结构,用条件采样和相位平均技术提取了壁湍流多尺度相干结构喷射和扫掠时流向速度分量、法向速度分量和雷诺应力分量的相位平均波形.分析了沟槽壁面平板及光滑壁面平板湍流边界层中多尺度相干结构的持续时间、条件相位平均波形等特征.对沟槽壁面平板及光滑壁面平板湍流边界层多尺度相干结构的多种统计平均特征进行了比较,从壁湍流多尺度相干结构控制的角度研究了沟槽壁面平板湍流边界层的减阻机理.      

转子支承动刚度对转子动力特性的影响分析

针对转子支承动刚度对转子动力特性的影响,分别运用静刚度、动刚度和整机有限元模型对某型发动机进行了转子动力特性计算,并对各种计算结果进行了比较和分析;分析了转子支承动刚度剧烈变化的原因,同时,指出运用整机模型能够分析支承动刚度和各种机匣的局部振动对整机振动的影响。     

基于二元信道互信息的属性约简方法及其应用

由于知识的粗糙性和信息熵的密切关系,基于互信息的属性约简一直以来都是粗糙集研究的热点,但现有方法都不同程度地依赖于属性值的分布情况,从而影响最终约简结果.为解决此问题,从信息论的角度对属性进行细分,定义了一种新的基于二元信道互信息的属性重要度度量方法,以此为启发式信息构造新的约简算法,实验证明了该算法的有效性;将其应用于重要气象因子的提取,获得了满意的效果.     

基于MEMS陀螺和加计的微惯性测量单元研制

微惯性测量单元具有成本低、体积小、功耗低和抗冲击等优点,可以应用在车辆稳定控制、平台稳定及导航控制系统中,具有广阔的市场应用前景.详细介绍了采用三轴MEMS陀螺和三轴MEMS加速度计研制的微惯性测量单元硬件设计,对信号进行预处理、陀螺漂移补偿、降噪等处理.所研制的低成本MIMU经过补偿后零位漂移保持在:X轴、Y轴、Z轴,可以应用到普通导航领域.     

Nacelle-airframe integration design method for blended-wing-body transport with podded engines

Strong shock waves and flow separation often occur during the integration of nacelle and airframe for blended-wing-bodies with podded engines. To address this problem, this paper presents an integration method with numerical simulations. The philosophy of channeling flow and avoiding the throat effect on the nacelle and airframe is established based on the analysis of flow interference in the initial configuration. A parametric integration design method is proposed from twodimensional plane to three-dimensional space with control mechanisms and selection principles of the key parameters determined by their influences. Results show that strong shock waves and flow separation can be successfully eliminated under the influence of both the reshaped channel and decelerated inflow below the nacelle. Supersonic regions around the nacelle are effectively reduced, concentrating mainly on the lip position. Thus, a significant cruise drag reduction(8.7%) is achieved though the pressure drag of the nacelle increases.     

Numerical investigation of transitions in flow states and variation in aerodynamic forces for flow around square cylinders arranged inline

This study focuses on the transitions in flow states around two-, three- and four-inline square cylinders under the effect of Reynolds numbers at two different gap spacing values using the lattice Boltzmann method. For this purpose, Reynolds number is varied in the range 1–130 while two different values of spacing taken into account are gap spacing?=?2 and 5. Before going to actual problem, the code is tested for flow around a single square cylinder by comparing the results with experimental and numerical results of other researchers, and good agreement is found. The current numerical computations yield that for both spacing values and all combinations of cylinders there exist three different sates of flow depending on Reynolds numbers: steady state, transitional state and unsteady state. It is found that the range of Reynolds numbers for these flow states is different for both spacing values. At gap spacing?=?2 the range of Reynolds numbers for each flow state decreases by increasing the number of cylinders while at gap spacing?=?5 opposite trend is observed. The results also show that at gap spacing?=?2 the reduction in drag force is greater than the corresponding reduction at gap spacing?=?5. The maximum reduction in drag force is observed at Reynolds numbers?=?1 at both spacing values. Similarly, at both spacing values and all Reynolds numbers, the maximum reduction in drag force is observed for the case of four-inline square cylinders.     

一种用于机载设备的高精度转动型柔性铰链

 传统铰链应用于机载设备时会产生摩擦、磨损、接触面热梯度等问题,而利用材料变形产生运动的柔性铰链可避免此类缺陷,获得高性能的同时,降低维护成本。现阶段使用的交叉簧片柔性铰链无法满足某些超精密航空机载设备的定位精度要求,因此将交叉点推广到任意位置以改善性能。首先,考虑机械接口,建立了广义交叉簧片柔性铰链的刚度和轴漂模型,从而分析了各个参数与刚度及轴漂的关系,并评估了由于加工因素造成的簧片不等长给性能带来的影响,得到了具有等值刚度和较小轴漂特性的柔性铰链。然后,通过有限元仿真验证了所分析特性的有效性。最后,通过组合提出了一种更大行程的复合柔性铰链,当转角为15°时,且在垂直力作用下,轴漂小于3 μm,精度优于在国外已得到应用的蝶形铰链。     

有效载荷基频降低对火箭动特性的影响

为了分析有效载荷基频降低对火箭动特性的影响规律,采用纵横扭一体化梁模型与耦合质量方法模拟箭体承力结构与液体推进剂,使用NASTRAN中的RBE2单元模拟芯级与助推器连接接头.通过修改有效载荷有限元模型以得到不同的有效载荷基频,选取飞行过程中的四个典型秒状态,计算三种不同有效载荷基频下全箭的前九阶固有振动频率.结果表明：纵横扭一体化梁模型在进行全箭动特性分析时模型简单,结果满足要求,可用于设计初期的模态分析;同时,分析得到基频降低对全箭动特性的影响规律,给卫星设计人员提供了相关依据.