随机粗糙微通道中的流动和传热特性

对水在随机粗糙微通道中的单相液体层流流动和传热特性进行了数值模拟研究.构造了两条随机粗糙微通道和一条规则粗糙微通道,计算Re范围100~2 000.结果发现:3条计算通道的Poiseuille数(Po)和Nusselt数(Nu)均大于光滑通道的分析解,并随Re缓慢增大.规则粗糙微通道中的Po和Nu都明显大于随机粗糙微通道的结果.最后,认为粗糙度对当地Nusselt数的影响,是粗糙元引起的流速变化与协同角变化共同决定的.      

收缩通道内水滴形扰流柱群的换热和压力损失特性

对装有三种不同截面的水滴形扰流柱叉排阵列的收缩通道内的流动和换热进行了三维数值模拟,获得了收缩通道扰流柱排内旋涡强度分布的基本特征,并根据流场分析了扰流柱形状对柱群压力损失性能和换热性能的影响,并与具有相同流动空间的矩形通道内的流动换热特性进行了比较.计算结果表明:在所研究的Re数变化范围内,收缩通道的端壁Nu_avr要高于矩形通道的,随着Re的升高,二者之间的差距有变大的趋势;收缩通道和矩形通道的压力损失系数差别很大,相同Re数下,收缩通道的压力损失系数约是矩形通道的34.5倍.      

一种基于模糊熵的自适应多层模糊增强算法

针对传统多级模糊增强算法中边缘附近灰度值的选取缺乏理论依据,增强变换可能导致灰度集中的现象,提出一种基于模糊熵的自适应多层次增强算法,该方法通过图像模糊熵估计边缘附近灰度,定义新的隶属度函数和增强算子,实现了图像的自适应增强.     

双尾撑布局飞机飞行载荷分析

对双尾撑布局飞机进行飞行载荷和气动导数分析,重点分析尾撑纵向弯曲刚度和飞行动压变化,对纵向气动力导数、各操纵面效率以及载荷分布的影响.尾撑纵向弯曲刚度变化会引起纵向静稳定性、平尾升降舵的操纵效率及反效速度、平尾的载荷分布的显著改变.尾段刚度尤其是尾撑的纵向弯曲刚度往往会构成双尾撑布局飞机气动弹性设计的薄弱环节,在设计时应该严格控制尾撑的刚度指标.      

航空发动机承力结构隔振设计方法及试验

基于先进航空发动机承力框架的结构与力学特征,通过理论分析与仿真计算验证了高隔振性承力框架结构动力学设计方法。通过对承力结构刚度/质量分布及几何构形突变的优化设计,提高转子支承结构在宽频域内的机械阻抗,实现在转子工作转速范围内的高隔振性。根据承力结构刚度/质量分布对隔振性的影响,采用折返式非连续结构,设计并搭建了转子-承力框架试验系统,通过试验进一步验证了高隔振性承力框架设计方法。试验结果表明:在承力结构中采用非连续性设计可在宽频域内对不同位置支点处激励具有良好的隔振效果。      

基于算法级联的飞机座舱语音增强系统

通过对飞机座舱环境下语音信号特征的分析,提出了一种根据噪声分类逐类进行语音增强,然后依一定次序级联各类算法的语音增强方法,并讨论了级联次序对增强效果的影响。在分别实现脉冲噪声、周期噪声和宽带噪声消除算法的基础上,依据此方法开发了基于MATLAB计算环境的交互式语音增强系统,并利用该平台进行多种算法的级联实验,取得了良好的语音增强效果。     

微阵列射流冲击肋化表面传热特性研究

本文以去离子水为工质,对微阵列射流冲击光滑和肋化表面的传热特性进行了实验研究,并以光滑表面传热性能为基准,讨论了肋化表面强化因子(ε)变化规律。实验结果表明：(1) 浸没和自由射流的传热系数均受无量纲射流距离(H/d)影响;提高射流Re数和减小无量纲孔间距(S/d)都能够增强换热。(2)浸没射流ε受H/d影响大,而自由射流ε基本不受H/d影响;两种射流方式的ε都随Re数增大,且渐趋于一个常数。(3)对流热阻在各种射流情况下均随流量不断下降,但下降趋势逐渐平缓,当流量大到一定时,热阻基本不再降低。     

On the early phase of relativistic solar particle events: Are there signatures of acceleration mechanism?

Many physical processes precede and accompany the solar energetic particles (SEP) occurrence on the Earth’s orbit. Explosive energy release on the Sun gives rise to a flare and a coronal mass ejection (CME). X-ray and gamma emissions are believed to be connected with flares. Radio emission is signature of disturbances traveling through the corona and interplanetary space. Particles can gain energy both in the flare and the accompanying wave processes. The beginning of the SEP events has the advantage of being the phase most close to the time of acceleration. Influence of interplanetary transport is minimal in the case of first arriving relativistic solar protons recorded by ground based neutron monitors in so called ground-level enhancements (GLE). The early phase of the SEP events attracts attention of many scientists searching for the understanding of particle acceleration. However, they come to the opposite conclusions. While some authors find arguments for coronal mass ejections as a sole accelerator of SEPs, others prove a flare to be the SEP origin. Here, the circumstances of SEP generation for several GLEs of the 23rd solar cycle are considered. Timing of X-ray, CME, and radio emissions shows a great variety from event to event. However, the time of particle ejection from the Sun is closer to maximum of X-ray emission than to any other phenomena considered. No correlation is found between the particle fluxes and the CME characteristics.     

水平弯曲刚度对大展弦比机翼颤振的影响

高空长航时飞机普遍采用小后掠角大展弦比机翼,飞行时机翼具有较大变形．几何非线性加剧机翼结构水平弯曲与扭转的刚度耦合,水平弯曲模态在颤振分析中的作用已不可忽略,对机翼气动弹性特性影响显著．将结构在给定来流攻角的静平衡位置附近线化,以求解结构的固有振动特性,并应用考虑翼面变形的片条理论计算非定常气动力,用 p-k 法计算颤振速度．以金属梁式机翼为对象的颤振计算结果表明,水平一弯模态参与耦合的机翼颤振速度低于线性颤振速度．增大水平弯曲刚度有助于这类颤振速度的提高,而扭转频率的影响也要加以考虑．     

Shape Modification by Beam Model in FEM

Shape modification and deformation play an important role in the filed of geometry modeling, computer graphics, conceptual design and so on. A novel physically based shape modification approach is presented in this article, with beam model in finite element method (FEM). By means of interactively creating a beam with circle cross section based on pre-defined local coordinate system, the primitive geometry model is embedded in the beam globally or locally. After imposing external loads, such as concentrated force or couple, on selected nodes, their displacement can be computed. Moreover, deflection, axial deformation and twist angle of beam model can also be interpolated using shape function matrix. As a result, object is modified as a part of beam. The proposed approach is linear, simple and fast, by which stretch, bending, taping and twist deformation can be accomplished. Finally, some experimental results are given to demonstrate that the presented method is potentially useful in geometry modeling and shape design.