虚拟振动环境试验的初步尝试

文章介绍了一种新型振动试验仿真技术--虚拟振动环境试验.通过这门技术可以达到减少产品设计的盲目性、优化试验设计、缩短研制周期和节约经费的目的.     

航天器动力学环境试验的发展概况和趋势

文章介绍了20世纪航天器动力学环境试验技术的发展概况和趋势,特别就试验技术的发展作了较详细的阐述.文章指出,试验工作对解决实际的问题仍然是主要的和基础的手段.     

某航天小卫星的真空热试验

文章简要介绍了某航天小卫星真空热试验中对于试验工况的确定和外热流模拟方法的选择,通过试验验证了卫星热设计的正确,同时也指出外热流加热周期应与星内设备电测周期同步,必须充分考虑加热回路的承载能力,并注意试验设备导线漏热的影响,以及防止高温下挥发物质可能对光学组件的污染。     

疲劳裂纹扩展参数的寿命反推方法

为解决腐蚀疲劳条件下无法由断口判读获得(a,N)数据集以确定裂纹扩展公式参数的问题,提出了确定疲劳裂纹扩展参数的寿命反推方法。通过与用(a,N)数据集全部数据拟合结果的比较,证明该方法在指数b=1的情况下适用,而在b≠1时偏差较大;指定破坏概率的载荷循环数和裂纹长度的比较结果,说明该方法的结果可用于概率损伤容限分析。      

发动机药柱和推进剂方坯老化性能相关性研究

通过长期贮存的CTPB推进剂方坯性能变化和发动机中推进剂药柱性能变化比较,研究了发动机药柱和推进剂方坯老化性能的相关性,发现发动机中不同位置的推进剂性能的变化有明显差异,内层推进剂“变软”的速率比外层慢得多。当外层推进剂强度降低较大时,内层推进剂仍有较高的保持率,几乎和推进剂初始性能相同,并且强度由内向外逐渐变化。因此。单用推进剂方坯的老化性能难于推断发动机药柱的寿命,并对这一现象对发动机寿命的影响进行了讨论。     

纤维缠绕金属内衬压力容器的设计和分析技术

介绍了纤维缠绕金属内衬压力容器的工艺特点、性能优势和爆破前先泄漏(LBB)的安全失效模式，以及一般设计原则、构形、材料和工艺要求。分析了金属内衬的厚度、过渡区、焊接区和纤维缠绕层。以及输入输出极孔的设计技术。阐明了用于静力分析的解析法和数值法，以及用于循环寿命预测的断裂力学分析法。最后概述了一些新技术、新材料的应用情况，并指出了压力容器设计的发展趋势。     

基于力限的加速度谱下凹技术研究

为了缓解随机振动“过试验”现象,通常需要在试验件共振频段将加速度谱下凹。结合工程实际,文章基于力限振动试验的基本原理,提出了基于力限的加速度谱下凹策略,最后计算了某航天器有效载荷的加速度下凹谱,可以为随机振动试验加速度条件下凹提供技术支持,具有较好的工程应用价值。     

Production characteristics of the “higher plants–soil-like substrate” system as an element of the bioregenerative life support system

The study addresses the possibility of long-duration operation of a higher plant conveyor, using a soil-like substrate (SLS) as the root zone. Chufa (Cyperus esculentus L.), radish (Raphanus sativus L.), and lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) were used as study material. A chufa community consisting of 4 age groups and radish and lettuce communities consisting of 2 age groups were irrigated with a nutrient solution, which contained mineral elements extracted from the SLS. After each harvest, inedible biomass of the harvested plants and inedible biomasses of wheat and saltwort were added to the SLS. The amounts of the inedible biomasses of wheat and saltwort to be added to the SLS were determined based on the nitrogen content of the edible mass of harvested plants. CO₂ concentration in the growth chamber was maintained within the range of 1100–1700 ppm. The results of the study show that higher plants can be grown quite successfully using the proposed process of plant waste utilization in the SLS. The addition of chufa inedible biomass to the SLS resulted in species-specific inhibition of growth of both cultivated crops and microorganisms in the “higher plants – SLS” system. There were certain differences between the amounts of some mineral elements removed from the SLS with the harvested edible biomass and those added to it with the inedible biomasses of wheat and saltwort.     

数理统计在机载设备延寿中的应用

介绍了利用数理统计分析开展机载设备寿命分布和故障水平研究的常用方法和步骤，并结合某型多功能显示器的延寿进行了应用分析。     

Use of halophytic plants for recycling NaCl in human liquid waste in a bioregenerative life support system

The purpose of this work was to develop technology for recycling NaCl containing in human liquid waste as intrasystem matter in a bioregenerative life support system (BLSS). The circulation of Na⁺ and Cl⁻ excreted in urine is achieved by inclusion of halophytes, i.e. plants that naturally inhabit salt-rich soils and accumulate NaCl in their organs. A model of Na⁺ and Cl⁻ recycling in a BLSS was designed, based on the NaCl turnover in the human–urine–nutrient solution–halophytic plant–human cycle. The study consisted of (i) selecting a halophyte suitable for inclusion in a BLSS, and (ii) determining growth conditions supporting maximal Na⁺ and Cl⁻ accumulation in the shoots of the halophyte growing in a nutrient solution simulating mineralized urine. For the selected halophytic plant, Salicornia europaea, growth rate under optimal conditions, biomass production and quantities of Na⁺ and Cl⁻ absorbed were determined. Characteristics of a plant production conveyor consisting of S.europaea at various ages, and allowing continuity of Na⁺ and Cl⁻ turnover, were estimated. It was shown that closure of the NaCl cycle in a BLSS can be attained if the daily ration of fresh Salicornia biomass for a BLSS inhabitant is approximately 360 g.